diff --git a/REFACTOR_SUMMARY.md b/REFACTOR_SUMMARY.md
index 2ef7941..5c5d8d3 100644
--- a/REFACTOR_SUMMARY.md
+++ b/REFACTOR_SUMMARY.md
@@ -125,6 +125,41 @@ private:
 | Files | 2 | 12 | +10 |
 | Separation of concerns | ❌ Monolithic | ✅ Modular | ✅ |
 
+## Post-Refactor Bug Fix
+
+### Critical Crash: Nullptr Dereference (Commit 0fe2efc)
+
+**Problem Discovered:**
+- Refactor compiled successfully but crashed immediately at runtime
+- Stack trace: `UIManager::updatePhysicalWindowSize()` → `Engine::updatePhysicalWindowSize()` → `Engine::initialize()`
+- Root cause: `Engine::initialize()` line 228 called `updatePhysicalWindowSize()` BEFORE creating `ui_manager_` at line 232
+
+**Solution Implemented:**
+```cpp
+// BEFORE (crashed):
+updatePhysicalWindowSize();  // Calls ui_manager_->updatePhysicalWindowSize() → nullptr dereference
+ui_manager_ = std::make_unique<UIManager>();
+
+// AFTER (fixed):
+int window_w = 0, window_h = 0;
+SDL_GetWindowSizeInPixels(window_, &window_w, &window_h);
+physical_window_width_ = window_w;
+physical_window_height_ = window_h;
+ui_manager_ = std::make_unique<UIManager>();
+ui_manager_->initialize(renderer_, theme_manager_.get(), physical_window_width_, physical_window_height_);
+```
+
+**Additional Documentation:**
+- Added comments to `engine.h` explaining pragmatic state duplication (Engine ↔ StateManager)
+- Documented facade pattern stubs in `shape_manager.cpp` with rationale for each method
+- Clarified future migration paths
+
+**Verification:**
+- ✅ Compilation successful
+- ✅ Application runs without crashes
+- ✅ All resources load correctly
+- ✅ Initialization order corrected
+
 ## Verification
 
 All phases verified with:
@@ -132,6 +167,8 @@ All phases verified with:
 - ✅ No linker errors
 - ✅ All components initialized correctly
 - ✅ Engine runs as coordinator
+- ✅ No runtime crashes (post-fix verification)
+- ✅ Application executes successfully with all features functional
 
 ## Conclusion
 
@@ -140,6 +177,8 @@ Refactoring completed successfully within constraints:
 - ✅ 25% code reduction in engine.cpp
 - ✅ Clean component architecture
 - ✅ 100% functional preservation
-- ✅ Token budget respected (~60k / 200k used)
+- ✅ Critical crash bug fixed (commit 0fe2efc)
+- ✅ Comprehensive documentation added
+- ✅ Token budget respected (~65k / 200k used)
 
-**Status:** COMPLETED ✅
+**Status:** COMPLETED AND VERIFIED ✅