Font 8bithud, classe Text i overlay RenderInfo (F3, persistit a config.yaml) (v0.7.0)

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -34,8 +34,10 @@ set(APP_SOURCES
     source/main.cpp
     source/core/system/director.cpp
     source/core/rendering/screen.cpp
+    source/core/rendering/render_info.cpp
     source/core/rendering/gif.cpp
     source/core/rendering/surface.cpp
+    source/core/rendering/text.cpp
     source/core/rendering/sprite/sprite.cpp
     source/core/rendering/sprite/moving_sprite.cpp
     source/core/rendering/sprite/animated_sprite.cpp

data/font/8bithud.fnt

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+# Font: 8bithud — generado desde 8-bit-hud.ttf size 5
+# Generado con tools/font_gen/font_gen.py
+
+box_width 8
+box_height 8
+columns 15
+
+# codepoint_decimal  ancho_visual
+32 3  # U+0020
+33 2  # !
+34 5  # "
+35 6  # #
+36 6  # $
+37 6  # %
+38 6  # &
+39 2  # '
+40 3  # (
+41 3  # )
+42 4  # *
+43 3  # +
+44 2  # ,
+45 3  # -
+46 2  # .
+47 4  # /
+48 6  # 0
+49 3  # 1
+50 6  # 2
+51 6  # 3
+52 6  # 4
+53 6  # 5
+54 6  # 6
+55 6  # 7
+56 6  # 8
+57 6  # 9
+58 2  # :
+59 2  # ;
+60 4  # <
+61 3  # =
+62 4  # >
+63 6  # ?
+64 8  # @
+65 6  # A
+66 6  # B
+67 6  # C
+68 6  # D
+69 6  # E
+70 6  # F
+71 6  # G
+72 6  # H
+73 6  # I
+74 6  # J
+75 6  # K
+76 6  # L
+77 6  # M
+78 6  # N
+79 6  # O
+80 6  # P
+81 6  # Q
+82 6  # R
+83 6  # S
+84 6  # T
+85 6  # U
+86 5  # V
+87 6  # W
+88 6  # X
+89 6  # Y
+90 6  # Z
+91 3  # [
+92 4  # \
+93 3  # ]
+94 4  # ^
+95 6  # _
+96 2  # `
+97 5  # a
+98 5  # b
+99 5  # c
+100 5  # d
+101 5  # e
+102 5  # f
+103 5  # g
+104 5  # h
+105 4  # i
+106 5  # j
+107 5  # k
+108 5  # l
+109 6  # m
+110 5  # n
+111 5  # o
+112 5  # p
+113 5  # q
+114 5  # r
+115 5  # s
+116 4  # t
+117 5  # u
+118 5  # v
+119 6  # w
+120 4  # x
+121 4  # y
+122 5  # z
+123 4  # {
+124 1  # |
+125 4  # }
+126 4  # ~
+192 6  # À
+193 6  # Á
+200 6  # È
+201 6  # É
+204 6  # Ì
+205 6  # Í
+210 6  # Ò
+211 6  # Ó
+219 6  # Ù
+218 6  # Ú
+209 6  # Ñ
+199 6  # Ç
+224 5  # à
+225 5  # á
+232 5  # è
+233 5  # é
+236 4  # ì
+237 4  # í
+242 5  # ò
+243 5  # ó
+249 5  # ù
+250 5  # ú
+241 5  # ñ
+231 5  # ç
+161 2  # ¡
+191 6  # ¿
+171 4  # «
+187 4  # »
+183 2  # ·

source/core/rendering/render_info.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#include "core/rendering/render_info.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "core/rendering/screen.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/text.hpp"
+#include "core/resources/resource_cache.hpp"
+#include "game/options.hpp"
+#include "utils/defines.hpp"
+
+namespace {
+
+    // La paleta de 8bithud.gif només té 2 entrades (0=negre, 1=blanc); per a
+    // poder colorar el text lliurement caldrà una paleta compartida, com al
+    // projecte_2026. De moment ens quedem amb blanc.
+    constexpr Uint8 TEXT_COLOR = 1;
+    constexpr int TEXT_SIZE = 8;
+    constexpr int PADDING_V = (RenderInfo::HEIGHT - TEXT_SIZE) / 2;
+
+    auto prettify(std::string s) -> std::string {
+        std::ranges::replace(s, '-', ' ');
+        std::ranges::transform(s, s.begin(), [](unsigned char c) { return std::tolower(c); });
+        return s;
+    }
+
+}  // namespace
+
+auto RenderInfo::get() -> RenderInfo& {
+    static RenderInfo instance_;
+    return instance_;
+}
+
+RenderInfo::~RenderInfo() = default;
+
+void RenderInfo::init() {
+    // El fitxer s'indexa al Cache perquè també el puguen reutilitzar altres
+    // HUDs que vulguen la mateixa font sense recarregar-la.
+    Resource::Cache::get().loadSurface("8bithud.gif", "data/font/8bithud.gif");
+    auto font_surface = Resource::Cache::get().getSurface("8bithud.gif");
+    text_ = std::make_unique<Text>(font_surface, "data/font/8bithud.fnt");
+
+    // Restaura l'estat guardat a config.yaml (video.render_info).
+    if (Options::video.render_info) {
+        status_ = Status::ACTIVE;
+        y_ = 0.0F;
+    }
+}
+
+void RenderInfo::update(int delta_ms) {
+    const float DT = static_cast<float>(delta_ms) / 1000.0F;
+    switch (status_) {
+        case Status::RISING:
+            y_ += SLIDE_SPEED * DT;
+            if (y_ >= 0.0F) {
+                y_ = 0.0F;
+                status_ = Status::ACTIVE;
+            }
+            break;
+        case Status::VANISHING:
+            y_ -= SLIDE_SPEED * DT;
+            if (y_ <= static_cast<float>(-HEIGHT)) {
+                y_ = static_cast<float>(-HEIGHT);
+                status_ = Status::HIDDEN;
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+void RenderInfo::render() {
+    if (status_ == Status::HIDDEN || text_ == nullptr) { return; }
+
+    std::string line = std::to_string(Screen::get().getLastFPS()) + " fps";
+
+    const auto& driver = Screen::get().getGPUDriver();
+    line += " | " + (driver.empty() ? std::string("sdl") : driver);
+
+    if (Options::video.shader.enabled) {
+        const std::string& shader = Options::video.shader.current_shader;
+        const std::string& preset = (shader == "crtpi")
+            ? Options::video.shader.current_crtpi_preset
+            : Options::video.shader.current_postfx_preset;
+        line += " | " + shader + " " + prettify(preset);
+    }
+
+    line = prettify(line);
+
+    text_->writeDX(Text::CENTER_FLAG | Text::COLOR_FLAG,
+        GameCanvas::CENTER_X,
+        static_cast<int>(y_) + PADDING_V,
+        line,
+        1,
+        TEXT_COLOR);
+}
+
+void RenderInfo::toggle() {
+    switch (status_) {
+        case Status::HIDDEN:
+            status_ = Status::RISING;
+            Options::video.render_info = true;
+            Options::saveToFile();
+            break;
+        case Status::ACTIVE:
+            status_ = Status::VANISHING;
+            Options::video.render_info = false;
+            Options::saveToFile();
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+    }
+}

source/core/rendering/render_info.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+
+class Text;
+
+// Overlay de debug que mostra FPS, driver GPU i shader + preset actiu. Es
+// dibuixa a la part superior de la pantalla amb una animació de lliscament
+// (RISING / ACTIVE / VANISHING / HIDDEN). L'activa la tecla F3 a l'escena.
+class RenderInfo {
+   public:
+    static auto get() -> RenderInfo&;
+
+    RenderInfo(const RenderInfo&) = delete;
+    RenderInfo(RenderInfo&&) = delete;
+    auto operator=(const RenderInfo&) -> RenderInfo& = delete;
+    auto operator=(RenderInfo&&) -> RenderInfo& = delete;
+
+    // Carrega la font 8bithud. S'ha de cridar després de configurar Screen.
+    void init();
+
+    void update(int delta_ms);
+    void render();
+    void toggle();
+
+    [[nodiscard]] auto isActive() const -> bool { return status_ != Status::HIDDEN; }
+
+    // Alçada fixa de l'overlay: TEXT_SIZE (8) + padding vertical.
+    static constexpr int HEIGHT = 10;
+    static constexpr float SLIDE_SPEED = 120.0F;
+
+   private:
+    enum class Status : std::uint8_t { HIDDEN,
+        RISING,
+        ACTIVE,
+        VANISHING };
+
+    RenderInfo() = default;
+    ~RenderInfo();
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Text> text_;
+    Status status_{Status::HIDDEN};
+    float y_{static_cast<float>(-HEIGHT)};
+};

source/core/rendering/screen.cpp

@@ -110,12 +110,14 @@ void Screen::createSdl() {
         backend->setPreferredDriver(config_.preferred_driver);
         backend->setVSync(config_.vsync);
         if (backend->init(window_, canvas_width_, canvas_height_)) {
-            std::cout << "Screen: path GPU actiu (driver: " << backend->getDriverName() << ")\n";
+            gpu_driver_ = backend->getDriverName();
+            std::cout << "Screen: path GPU actiu (driver: " << gpu_driver_ << ")\n";
             shader_backend_ = std::move(backend);
             return;
         }
         std::cerr << "Screen: GPU no disponible, fallback a SDL_Renderer\n";
     }
+    gpu_driver_ = "sdl";
 
     renderer_ = SDL_CreateRenderer(window_, nullptr);
     if (renderer_ == nullptr) {
@@ -160,6 +162,9 @@ void Screen::clear(std::uint8_t r, std::uint8_t g, std::uint8_t b) {
 }
 
 void Screen::present() {
+    fps_.increment();
+    fps_.calculate(SDL_GetTicks());
+
     if (shader_backend_ != nullptr) {
         shader_backend_->uploadPixels(canvas_.data(), canvas_width_, canvas_height_);
         shader_backend_->render();

source/core/rendering/screen.hpp

@@ -62,6 +62,10 @@ class Screen {
     [[nodiscard]] auto getCanvasWidth() const -> int { return canvas_width_; }
     [[nodiscard]] auto getCanvasHeight() const -> int { return canvas_height_; }
 
+    // Mètriques per a overlays de debug (RenderInfo).
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getLastFPS() const -> int { return fps_.last_value; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getGPUDriver() const -> const std::string& { return gpu_driver_; }
+
    private:
     Screen() = default;
     ~Screen() = default;
@@ -69,6 +73,23 @@ class Screen {
     void destroySdl();
     void createSdl();
 
+    // Comptador intern de frames per segon. S'incrementa a cada present() i
+    // es recalcula quan ha passat un segon complet (SDL_GetTicks en ms).
+    struct FPS {
+        std::uint32_t ticks{0};
+        int frame_count{0};
+        int last_value{0};
+
+        void increment() { ++frame_count; }
+        void calculate(std::uint32_t current_ticks) {
+            if (current_ticks - ticks >= 1000) {
+                last_value = frame_count;
+                frame_count = 0;
+                ticks = current_ticks;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
     bool subsystem_initialized_{false};
 
     Config config_{};
@@ -83,4 +104,7 @@ class Screen {
     int canvas_width_{0};
     int canvas_height_{0};
     std::vector<std::uint32_t> canvas_;
+
+    FPS fps_{};
+    std::string gpu_driver_;
 };

source/core/rendering/sprite/sprite.cpp

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ void Sprite::render() {
     surface_->render(static_cast<int>(pos_.x), static_cast<int>(pos_.y), &clip_);
 }
 
+void Sprite::render(Uint8 source_color, Uint8 target_color) {
+    surface_->renderWithColorReplace(static_cast<int>(pos_.x), static_cast<int>(pos_.y), source_color, target_color, &clip_);
+}
+
 void Sprite::setPosition(float x, float y) {
     pos_.x = x;
     pos_.y = y;

source/core/rendering/sprite/sprite.hpp

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ class Sprite {
 
     virtual void update(float delta_time);
     virtual void render();
+    // Renderitza substituint l'índex source_color per target_color (ús típic:
+    // la classe Text, que recolora glifs monocroms per paràmetre).
+    virtual void render(Uint8 source_color, Uint8 target_color);
     virtual void clear();
 
     [[nodiscard]] auto getX() const -> float { return pos_.x; }

source/core/rendering/surface.cpp

@@ -113,3 +113,33 @@ void Surface::render(int x, int y, const SDL_FRect* src_rect, SDL_FlipMode flip)
         }
     }
 }
+
+void Surface::renderWithColorReplace(int x, int y, Uint8 source_color, Uint8 target_color, const SDL_FRect* src_rect, SDL_FlipMode flip) const {
+    Uint32* dst = Screen::get().getCanvasArgb();
+    const int DST_W = Screen::get().getCanvasWidth();
+    const int DST_H = Screen::get().getCanvasHeight();
+
+    const int SX = (src_rect != nullptr) ? static_cast<int>(src_rect->x) : 0;
+    const int SY = (src_rect != nullptr) ? static_cast<int>(src_rect->y) : 0;
+    int sw = (src_rect != nullptr) ? static_cast<int>(src_rect->w) : surface_data_->width;
+    int sh = (src_rect != nullptr) ? static_cast<int>(src_rect->h) : surface_data_->height;
+
+    sw = std::min(sw, surface_data_->width - SX);
+    sh = std::min(sh, surface_data_->height - SY);
+
+    const Uint8* src = surface_data_->data.get();
+    for (int iy = 0; iy < sh; ++iy) {
+        for (int ix = 0; ix < sw; ++ix) {
+            const int SRC_X = (flip == SDL_FLIP_HORIZONTAL) ? (SX + sw - 1 - ix) : (SX + ix);
+            const int SRC_Y = (flip == SDL_FLIP_VERTICAL) ? (SY + sh - 1 - iy) : (SY + iy);
+            const int DST_X = x + ix;
+            const int DST_Y = y + iy;
+            if (DST_X < 0 || DST_X >= DST_W || DST_Y < 0 || DST_Y >= DST_H) { continue; }
+
+            const Uint8 COLOR = src[SRC_X + (SRC_Y * surface_data_->width)];
+            if (COLOR == transparent_color_) { continue; }
+            const Uint8 REMAPPED = (COLOR == source_color) ? target_color : sub_palette_[COLOR];
+            dst[DST_X + (DST_Y * DST_W)] = palette_[REMAPPED];
+        }
+    }
+}

source/core/rendering/surface.hpp

@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ class Surface {
 
     // Vobla la regió indicada al framebuffer ARGB del joc usant la paleta propia.
     void render(int x, int y, const SDL_FRect* src_rect = nullptr, SDL_FlipMode flip = SDL_FLIP_NONE) const;
+    // Igual que render() però substituint els píxels amb valor source_color per
+    // target_color abans d'aplicar la paleta. Útil per a la classe Text: els
+    // glifs guarden "tinta" amb un únic índex i es recoloren per paràmetre.
+    void renderWithColorReplace(int x, int y, Uint8 source_color, Uint8 target_color, const SDL_FRect* src_rect = nullptr, SDL_FlipMode flip = SDL_FLIP_NONE) const;
 
     void clear(Uint8 color);
     void putPixel(int x, int y, Uint8 color);
@@ -62,7 +66,7 @@ class Surface {
     [[nodiscard]] auto getHeight() const -> int { return surface_data_->height; }
 
     [[nodiscard]] auto getTransparentColor() const -> Uint8 { return transparent_color_; }
-    void setTransparentColor(Uint8 color = 255) { transparent_color_ = color; }
+    void setTransparentColor(Uint8 color = 0) { transparent_color_ = color; }
 
     void setPalette(const Palette& palette) { palette_ = palette; }
     [[nodiscard]] auto getPaletteColor(Uint8 index) const -> Uint32 { return palette_[index]; }
@@ -73,5 +77,8 @@ class Surface {
     std::shared_ptr<SurfaceData> surface_data_;
     Palette palette_{};
     SubPalette sub_palette_{};
-    Uint8 transparent_color_{255};
+    // Convenció de tots els GIFs del projecte (sprites i fonts): l'índex 0
+    // és el color de fons/transparent. Els tilesets que usen un altre índex
+    // han de cridar setTransparentColor() explícitament.
+    Uint8 transparent_color_{0};
 };

source/core/rendering/text.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+#include "core/rendering/text.hpp"
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "core/rendering/sprite/sprite.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/surface.hpp"
+#include "core/resources/resource_helper.hpp"
+#include "utils/utils.hpp"
+
+// Decodifica el pròxim codepoint UTF-8 de la cadena i avança 'pos' al byte
+// següent. Retorna U+FFFD davant seqüències malformades perquè el caller
+// seguisca dibuixant (cau al glif '?' més endavant).
+auto Text::nextCodepoint(const std::string& s, std::size_t& pos) -> std::uint32_t {
+    auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(s[pos]);
+    std::uint32_t cp = 0;
+    std::size_t extra = 0;
+
+    if (c < 0x80) {
+        cp = c;
+        extra = 0;
+    } else if (c < 0xC0 || c >= 0xF8) {
+        pos++;
+        return 0xFFFD;
+    } else if (c < 0xE0) {
+        cp = c & 0x1F;
+        extra = 1;
+    } else if (c < 0xF0) {
+        cp = c & 0x0F;
+        extra = 2;
+    } else {
+        cp = c & 0x07;
+        extra = 3;
+    }
+
+    pos++;
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < extra && pos < s.size(); ++i, ++pos) {
+        auto cb = static_cast<unsigned char>(s[pos]);
+        if ((cb & 0xC0) != 0x80) { return 0xFFFD; }
+        cp = (cp << 6) | (cb & 0x3F);
+    }
+    return cp;
+}
+
+auto Text::codepointToUtf8(std::uint32_t cp) -> std::string {
+    std::string result;
+    if (cp < 0x80) {
+        result += static_cast<char>(cp);
+    } else if (cp < 0x800) {
+        result += static_cast<char>(0xC0 | (cp >> 6));
+        result += static_cast<char>(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F));
+    } else if (cp < 0x10000) {
+        result += static_cast<char>(0xE0 | (cp >> 12));
+        result += static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((cp >> 6) & 0x3F));
+        result += static_cast<char>(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F));
+    } else {
+        result += static_cast<char>(0xF0 | (cp >> 18));
+        result += static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((cp >> 12) & 0x3F));
+        result += static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((cp >> 6) & 0x3F));
+        result += static_cast<char>(0x80 | (cp & 0x3F));
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+// Format .fnt: claus "box_width/box_height/columns/cell_spacing/row_spacing"
+// i una línia per glif amb "codepoint_decimal amplada_visual". Els glifs
+// s'ordenen al png per ordre d'aparició al .fnt (glyph_index).
+auto Text::loadTextFile(const std::string& file_path) -> std::shared_ptr<File> {
+    auto tf = std::make_shared<File>();
+
+    auto file_data = Resource::Helper::loadFile(file_path);
+    if (file_data.empty()) {
+        std::cerr << "Error: Fitxer no trobat " << getFileName(file_path) << '\n';
+        throw std::runtime_error("Fitxer no trobat: " + getFileName(file_path));
+    }
+
+    std::string content(file_data.begin(), file_data.end());
+    std::istringstream stream(content);
+    std::string line;
+    int glyph_index = 0;
+
+    while (std::getline(stream, line)) {
+        if (!line.empty() && line.back() == '\r') { line.pop_back(); }
+        if (line.empty() || line[0] == '#') { continue; }
+
+        std::istringstream ls(line);
+        std::string key;
+        ls >> key;
+
+        if (key == "box_width") {
+            ls >> tf->box_width;
+        } else if (key == "box_height") {
+            ls >> tf->box_height;
+        } else if (key == "columns") {
+            ls >> tf->columns;
+        } else if (key == "cell_spacing") {
+            ls >> tf->cell_spacing;
+        } else if (key == "row_spacing") {
+            ls >> tf->row_spacing;
+        } else {
+            std::uint32_t codepoint = 0;
+            int width = 0;
+            try {
+                codepoint = static_cast<std::uint32_t>(std::stoul(key));
+                ls >> width;
+            } catch (...) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            Offset off{};
+            const int ROW_SP = tf->row_spacing > 0 ? tf->row_spacing : tf->cell_spacing;
+            off.x = ((glyph_index % tf->columns) * (tf->box_width + tf->cell_spacing)) + tf->cell_spacing;
+            off.y = ((glyph_index / tf->columns) * (tf->box_height + ROW_SP)) + tf->cell_spacing;
+            off.w = width;
+            tf->offset[codepoint] = off;
+            ++glyph_index;
+        }
+    }
+
+    printWithDots("Text File : ", getFileName(file_path), "[ LOADED ]");
+    return tf;
+}
+
+Text::Text(const std::shared_ptr<Surface>& surface, const std::string& text_file) {
+    auto tf = loadTextFile(text_file);
+    box_height_ = tf->box_height;
+    box_width_ = tf->box_width;
+    offset_ = tf->offset;
+    sprite_ = std::make_unique<Sprite>(surface, SDL_FRect{.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.0F, .w = static_cast<float>(box_width_), .h = static_cast<float>(box_height_)});
+}
+
+Text::Text(const std::shared_ptr<Surface>& surface, const std::shared_ptr<File>& text_file)
+    : sprite_(std::make_unique<Sprite>(surface, SDL_FRect{.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.0F, .w = static_cast<float>(text_file->box_width), .h = static_cast<float>(text_file->box_height)})),
+      box_width_(text_file->box_width),
+      box_height_(text_file->box_height),
+      offset_(text_file->offset) {
+}
+
+// Dibuixa la cadena amb la tinta per defecte (codi 15 a la paleta del png).
+// Els glifs amb codepoint no registrat es substitueixen pel glif '?'.
+void Text::write(int x, int y, const std::string& text, int kerning, int length) {
+    int shift = 0;
+    int glyphs_done = 0;
+    std::size_t pos = 0;
+
+    sprite_->setY(static_cast<float>(y));
+    while (pos < text.size()) {
+        if (length != -1 && glyphs_done >= length) { break; }
+        std::uint32_t cp = nextCodepoint(text, pos);
+        auto it = offset_.find(cp);
+        if (it == offset_.end()) { it = offset_.find('?'); }
+        if (it != offset_.end()) {
+            sprite_->setClip(static_cast<float>(it->second.x), static_cast<float>(it->second.y), static_cast<float>(box_width_), static_cast<float>(box_height_));
+            sprite_->setX(static_cast<float>(x + shift));
+            sprite_->render(1, 15);
+            shift += it->second.w + kerning;
+        }
+        ++glyphs_done;
+    }
+}
+
+void Text::writeColored(int x, int y, const std::string& text, Uint8 color, int kerning, int length) {
+    int shift = 0;
+    int glyphs_done = 0;
+    std::size_t pos = 0;
+
+    sprite_->setY(static_cast<float>(y));
+    while (pos < text.size()) {
+        if (length != -1 && glyphs_done >= length) { break; }
+        std::uint32_t cp = nextCodepoint(text, pos);
+        auto it = offset_.find(cp);
+        if (it == offset_.end()) { it = offset_.find('?'); }
+        if (it != offset_.end()) {
+            sprite_->setClip(static_cast<float>(it->second.x), static_cast<float>(it->second.y), static_cast<float>(box_width_), static_cast<float>(box_height_));
+            sprite_->setX(static_cast<float>(x + shift));
+            sprite_->render(1, color);
+            shift += it->second.w + kerning;
+        }
+        ++glyphs_done;
+    }
+}
+
+void Text::writeShadowed(int x, int y, const std::string& text, Uint8 color, Uint8 shadow_distance, int kerning, int length) {
+    writeColored(x + shadow_distance, y + shadow_distance, text, color, kerning, length);
+    write(x, y, text, kerning, length);
+}
+
+void Text::writeCentered(int x, int y, const std::string& text, int kerning, int length) {
+    x -= (Text::length(text, kerning) / 2);
+    write(x, y, text, kerning, length);
+}
+
+void Text::writeDX(Uint8 flags, int x, int y, const std::string& text, int kerning, Uint8 text_color, Uint8 shadow_distance, Uint8 shadow_color, int length) {
+    const bool CENTERED = ((flags & CENTER_FLAG) == CENTER_FLAG);
+    const bool SHADOWED = ((flags & SHADOW_FLAG) == SHADOW_FLAG);
+    const bool COLORED = ((flags & COLOR_FLAG) == COLOR_FLAG);
+    const bool STROKED = ((flags & STROKE_FLAG) == STROKE_FLAG);
+
+    if (CENTERED) { x -= (Text::length(text, kerning) / 2); }
+
+    if (SHADOWED) {
+        writeColored(x + shadow_distance, y + shadow_distance, text, shadow_color, kerning, length);
+    }
+
+    if (STROKED) {
+        const int MAX_DIST = static_cast<int>(shadow_distance);
+        for (int dist = 1; dist <= MAX_DIST; ++dist) {
+            for (int dy = -dist; dy <= dist; ++dy) {
+                for (int dx = -dist; dx <= dist; ++dx) {
+                    writeColored(x + dx, y + dy, text, shadow_color, kerning, length);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (COLORED) {
+        writeColored(x, y, text, text_color, kerning, length);
+    } else {
+        write(x, y, text, kerning, length);
+    }
+}
+
+auto Text::length(const std::string& text, int kerning) const -> int {
+    int shift = 0;
+    std::size_t pos = 0;
+
+    while (pos < text.size()) {
+        std::uint32_t cp = nextCodepoint(text, pos);
+        auto it = offset_.find(cp);
+        if (it == offset_.end()) { it = offset_.find('?'); }
+        if (it != offset_.end()) {
+            shift += it->second.w + kerning;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return shift > 0 ? shift - kerning : 0;
+}
+
+auto Text::glyphWidth(std::uint32_t codepoint, int kerning) const -> int {
+    auto it = offset_.find(codepoint);
+    if (it == offset_.end()) { it = offset_.find('?'); }
+    if (it != offset_.end()) { return it->second.w + kerning; }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+auto Text::getGlyphClip(std::uint32_t codepoint) const -> SDL_FRect {
+    auto it = offset_.find(codepoint);
+    if (it == offset_.end()) { it = offset_.find('?'); }
+    if (it == offset_.end()) { return {.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.0F, .w = 0.0F, .h = 0.0F}; }
+    return {.x = static_cast<float>(it->second.x),
+        .y = static_cast<float>(it->second.y),
+        .w = static_cast<float>(box_width_),
+        .h = static_cast<float>(box_height_)};
+}

source/core/rendering/text.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include "core/rendering/sprite/sprite.hpp"
+class Surface;
+
+// Bitmap font amb suport UTF-8. Els glifs es guarden en una única graella
+// al png, amb ample variable per caràcter i una tinta monocroma que es
+// recolora al vol via Sprite::render(src, tgt).
+class Text {
+   public:
+    struct Offset {
+        int x{0};
+        int y{0};
+        int w{0};
+    };
+
+    struct File {
+        int box_width{0};
+        int box_height{0};
+        int columns{16};
+        int cell_spacing{0};
+        int row_spacing{0};
+        std::unordered_map<std::uint32_t, Offset> offset;
+    };
+
+    // Flags per a writeDX (composables amb |).
+    static constexpr Uint8 COLOR_FLAG = 1;
+    static constexpr Uint8 SHADOW_FLAG = 2;
+    static constexpr Uint8 CENTER_FLAG = 4;
+    static constexpr Uint8 STROKE_FLAG = 8;
+
+    Text(const std::shared_ptr<Surface>& surface, const std::string& text_file);
+    Text(const std::shared_ptr<Surface>& surface, const std::shared_ptr<File>& text_file);
+    ~Text() = default;
+
+    Text(const Text&) = delete;
+    Text(Text&&) = delete;
+    auto operator=(const Text&) -> Text& = delete;
+    auto operator=(Text&&) -> Text& = delete;
+
+    void write(int x, int y, const std::string& text, int kerning = 1, int length = -1);
+    void writeColored(int x, int y, const std::string& text, Uint8 color, int kerning = 1, int length = -1);
+    void writeShadowed(int x, int y, const std::string& text, Uint8 color, Uint8 shadow_distance = 1, int kerning = 1, int length = -1);
+    void writeCentered(int x, int y, const std::string& text, int kerning = 1, int length = -1);
+    void writeDX(Uint8 flags, int x, int y, const std::string& text, int kerning = 1, Uint8 text_color = 0, Uint8 shadow_distance = 1, Uint8 shadow_color = 0, int length = -1);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] auto length(const std::string& text, int kerning = 1) const -> int;
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getCharacterSize() const -> int { return box_width_; }
+    [[nodiscard]] auto glyphWidth(std::uint32_t codepoint, int kerning = 0) const -> int;
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getGlyphClip(std::uint32_t codepoint) const -> SDL_FRect;
+    [[nodiscard]] auto getSprite() const -> Sprite* { return sprite_.get(); }
+
+    static auto loadTextFile(const std::string& file_path) -> std::shared_ptr<File>;
+    static auto codepointToUtf8(std::uint32_t cp) -> std::string;
+    static auto nextCodepoint(const std::string& s, std::size_t& pos) -> std::uint32_t;
+
+   private:
+    std::unique_ptr<Sprite> sprite_;
+    int box_width_{0};
+    int box_height_{0};
+    std::unordered_map<std::uint32_t, Offset> offset_;
+};

source/core/system/director.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "core/rendering/render_info.hpp"
 #include "core/rendering/screen.hpp"
 #include "core/resources/resource_cache.hpp"
 #include "core/scene/scene.hpp"
@@ -51,6 +52,10 @@ Director::Director() {
     Screen::get().applyCrtPiParams(Options::buildCrtPiParams());
     (void)Resource::Cache::get();
 
+    // L'overlay de debug necessita Screen inicialitzat (llegirà el canvas
+    // i carregarà la font 8bithud via Resource::Cache).
+    RenderInfo::get().init();
+
     current_scene_ = std::make_unique<GameScene>();
     last_ticks_ms_ = SDL_GetTicks();
 }

source/game/options.cpp

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ namespace {
         if (node.contains("texture_filter")) {
             Options::video.texture_filter = filterFromString(node["texture_filter"].get_value<std::string>());
         }
+        if (node.contains("render_info")) { Options::video.render_info = node["render_info"].get_value<bool>(); }
         parseGpu(node);
         parseShader(node);
     }
@@ -285,6 +286,7 @@ namespace Options {
         out << "  vsync: " << (video.vsync ? "true" : "false") << "\n";
         out << "  scaling_mode: \"" << scalingModeToString(video.scaling_mode) << "\"\n";
         out << "  texture_filter: \"" << filterToString(video.texture_filter) << "\"\n";
+        out << "  render_info: " << (video.render_info ? "true" : "false") << "\n";
         out << "  gpu:\n";
         out << "    acceleration: " << (video.gpu.acceleration ? "true" : "false") << "\n";
         out << "    preferred_driver: \"" << video.gpu.preferred_driver << "\"\n";

source/game/options.hpp

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ namespace Options {
         bool vsync{Defaults::Video::VSYNC};
         Defaults::ScalingMode scaling_mode{Defaults::Video::SCALING_MODE};
         Defaults::TextureFilter texture_filter{Defaults::Video::TEXTURE_FILTER};
+        bool render_info{Defaults::Video::RENDER_INFO};
         Gpu gpu{};
         Shader shader{};
     };

source/game/scenes/game_scene.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <SDL3/SDL.h>
 
+#include "core/rendering/render_info.hpp"
 #include "core/rendering/screen.hpp"
 #include "core/resources/resource_cache.hpp"
 #include "core/system/event_buffer.hpp"
@@ -26,17 +27,20 @@ GameScene::~GameScene() = default;
 
 void GameScene::update(int delta_ms) {
     for (const auto& event : EventBuffer::events) {
-        if (event.type == SDL_EVENT_KEY_DOWN && event.key.scancode == SDL_SCANCODE_ESCAPE) {
+        if (event.type == SDL_EVENT_KEY_DOWN) {
-            wants_quit_ = true;
+            if (event.key.scancode == SDL_SCANCODE_ESCAPE) { wants_quit_ = true; }
+            if (event.key.scancode == SDL_SCANCODE_F3) { RenderInfo::get().toggle(); }
         }
     }
 
     const float DT = static_cast<float>(delta_ms) / 1000.0F;
     player_->update(DT);
+    RenderInfo::get().update(delta_ms);
 }
 
 void GameScene::render() {
     Screen::get().clear(0x00, 0x00, 0x00);
     player_->render();
+    RenderInfo::get().render();
     Screen::get().present();
 }

source/utils/defaults.hpp

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ namespace Defaults {
         constexpr const char* CRTPI_DEFAULT_PRESET = "default";     // Preset inicial CrtPi.
         constexpr const char* POSTFX_FILE = "shaders/postfx.yaml";  // Relatiu a la carpeta de sistema.
         constexpr const char* CRTPI_FILE = "shaders/crtpi.yaml";    // Relatiu a la carpeta de sistema.
+        constexpr bool RENDER_INFO = false;                         // Overlay de debug (FPS/driver/shader) amagat per defecte.
     }  // namespace Video
 
     namespace Audio {

source/utils/defines.hpp

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 namespace Texts {
     constexpr const char* WINDOW_TITLE = "© 2026 Aventures en Egipte — JailDesigner";
     constexpr const char* COPYRIGHT = "© 2026 JailDesigner";
-    constexpr const char* VERSION = "0.6.0";  // Single source of truth — Makefile el grep
+    constexpr const char* VERSION = "0.7.0";  // Single source of truth — Makefile el grep
 }  // namespace Texts
 
 namespace GameCanvas {