Fase 1d: rename del codi restant (effects, stage_system, locals)

Sweep final del naming a CamelCase/camelBack/lower_case:

Fitxers renombrats:
- effects/gestor_puntuacio_flotant.{hpp,cpp} -> floating_score_manager.{hpp,cpp}
- effects/puntuacio_flotant.hpp -> floating_score.hpp

Tipus (CamelCase):
- GestorPuntuacioFlotant -> FloatingScoreManager
- PuntuacioFlotant -> FloatingScore
- ConfigStage -> StageConfig
- ConfigSistemaStages -> StageSystemConfig
- NauTitol -> TitleShip
- EstatNau -> ShipState

Metodes publics (camelBack):
- obte_renderer -> getRenderer
- get_num_actius -> getActiveCount
- calcular_direccio_explosio -> computeExplosionDirection
- trobar_slot_lliure -> findFreeSlot
- explotar -> explode
- reiniciar -> reset
- es_valida -> isValid
- parsejar_fitxer -> parseFile
- carregar -> load
- crear_explosio -> createExplosion
- registrar_puntuacio -> registerScore
- construir_marcador -> buildScoreboard
- render_centered -> renderCentered

Camps struct publics (snake_case):
- actiu/actius -> active
- rotacio -> rotation, rotacio_visual -> visual_rotation
- acceleracio -> acceleration
- velocitat -> velocity
- escala/escala_inicial/objectiu/actual -> scale/initial_scale/...
- posicio/posicio_inicial/objectiu/actual -> position/initial_position/...
- fase_oscilacio -> oscillation_phase
- temps_estat -> state_time
- jugador_id -> player_id
- estat -> state
- brillantor -> brightness
- tipus -> type

Camps privats (sufix _):
- naus_ -> ships_, orni_ -> enemies_, bales_ -> bullets_
- gestor_puntuacio_ -> floating_score_manager_
- punt_mort_ -> death_position_, punt_spawn_ -> spawn_position_
- itocado_per_jugador_ -> hit_timer_per_player_
- vides_per_jugador_ -> lives_per_player_
- puntuacio_per_jugador_ -> score_per_player_
- estat_game_over_ -> game_over_state_
- continues_usados_ -> continues_used_

Constants:
- MARGE_ESQ/DRET/DALT/BAIX -> MARGIN_LEFT/RIGHT/TOP/BOTTOM

Variables locals i parametres comuns (snake_case):
- nau -> ship, enemic -> enemy, bala -> bullet
- forma -> shape, punt(s) -> point(s)
- jugador -> player, partida -> match
- temps -> time, missatge -> message

Diff: 59 fitxers, +1000/-1000 (simetric). Compila i enllaça.

Pendents per a futures fases (no bloquejants):
- Comentaris de capçalera en catala -> castella
- Variables locals/parametres minoritaris en catala
- Include guards (queden alguns #ifndef en lloc de #pragma once)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

source/core/resources/resource_loader.cpp

@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ Loader& Loader::get() {
 bool Loader::initialize(const std::string& pack_file, bool enable_fallback) {
     fallback_enabled_ = enable_fallback;
 
-    // Intentar carregar el paquet
+    // Intentar load el paquet
     pack_ = std::make_unique<Pack>();
 
     if (!pack_->loadPack(pack_file)) {
         if (!fallback_enabled_) {
-            std::cerr << "[ResourceLoader] ERROR FATAL: No es pot carregar " << pack_file
+            std::cerr << "[ResourceLoader] ERROR FATAL: No es pot load " << pack_file
                       << " i el fallback està desactivat\n";
             return false;
         }
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ bool Loader::initialize(const std::string& pack_file, bool enable_fallback) {
 
 // Carregar un recurs
 std::vector<uint8_t> Loader::loadResource(const std::string& filename) {
-    // Intentar carregar del paquet primer
+    // Intentar load del paquet primer
     if (pack_) {
         if (pack_->hasResource(filename)) {
             auto data = pack_->getResource(filename);

source/core/resources/resource_pack.hpp

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class Pack {
         bool addFile(const std::string& filepath, const std::string& pack_name);
         bool addDirectory(const std::string& dir_path, const std::string& base_path = "");
 
-        // Guardar i carregar paquets
+        // Guardar i load paquets
         bool savePack(const std::string& pack_file);
         bool loadPack(const std::string& pack_file);