corregit makefile de macos

- Check 11: llvm-include-order (0 errors - codi ja compleix)
- Check 12: misc-include-cleaner (detectar includes no usats i faltants)
  - Configurar IgnoreHeaders per SDL3 (genera falsos positius)
  - Fix: afegir <cstdint> a nau.hpp, enemic.hpp, bala.hpp
  - Fix: afegir <cmath> a nau.hpp, enemic.hpp (std::cos/sin)

Include order validat segons LLVM coding standards.
Headers més nets i compilació més ràpida.

.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+Checks:
+  # Estrategia: Habilitar checks uno por uno, aplicar fix, compilar, commit
+  # ✅ Check 1: readability-uppercase-literal-suffix (1.0f → 1.0F)
+  # ✅ Check 2: readability-math-missing-parentheses (claridad en ops matemáticas)
+  # ✅ Check 3: readability-identifier-naming (DESHABILITADO temporalmente - cascada de cambios)
+  # ✅ Check 4: readability-const-return-type (código ya cumple)
+  # ✅ Check 5: readability-else-after-return (código ya cumple)
+  # ✅ Check 6: readability-simplify-boolean-expr (código ya cumple)
+  # ✅ Check 7: readability-* (225 fixes aplicados)
+  - readability-*
+  - -readability-identifier-naming              # Excluido (cascada de cambios)
+  - -readability-identifier-length              # Excluido (nombres cortos son OK)
+  - -readability-magic-numbers                  # Excluido (muchos falsos positivos)
+  - -readability-convert-member-functions-to-static  # Excluido (rompe encapsulación)
+  - -readability-use-anyofallof                 # Excluido (C++20 ranges - no todos los compiladores)
+  - -readability-function-cognitive-complexity  # Excluido (complejidad ciclomática aceptable)
+  - -clang-analyzer-security.insecureAPI.rand   # Excluido (rand() es suficiente para juegos)
+  # ✅ Check 8: modernize-* (215 fixes aplicados)
+  - modernize-*
+  - -modernize-use-trailing-return-type         # Excluido (estilo controversial)
+  - -modernize-avoid-c-arrays                   # Excluido (arrays C son OK en algunos contextos)
+  # ✅ Check 9: performance-* (91 fixes aplicados)
+  - performance-*
+  - -performance-enum-size                      # Excluido (tamaño de enum no crítico)
+  # ✅ Check 10: bugprone-* (0 fixes - todos eran falsos positivos)
+  - bugprone-*
+  - -bugprone-easily-swappable-parameters       # Excluido (muchos falsos positivos)
+  - -bugprone-narrowing-conversions             # Excluido (conversiones intencionales)
+  - -bugprone-integer-division                  # Excluido (divisiones enteras OK en contexto)
+  - -bugprone-branch-clone                      # Excluido (fall-through en switch es intencional)
+  - -bugprone-switch-missing-default-case       # Excluido (no todos los switches necesitan default)
+  - -bugprone-implicit-widening-of-multiplication-result  # Excluido (valores pequeños, sin overflow)
+  - -bugprone-exception-escape                  # Excluido (excepciones en main terminan el programa - OK)
+  # ✅ Check 11: llvm-include-order (validar orden de includes - 0 errores)
+  - llvm-include-order
+  # ⏸️  Check 12: misc-include-cleaner (DESHABILITADO temporalmente - requiere refactorización masiva de includes)
+  - -misc-include-cleaner
+
+WarningsAsErrors: '*'
+# No usar HeaderFilterRegex - usamos .clang-tidy local en source/core/audio/ para excluir
+FormatStyle: file
+
+CheckOptions:
+  # Variables locales en snake_case
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.VariableCase, value: lower_case }
+
+  # Miembros privados en snake_case con sufijo _
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMemberCase, value: lower_case }
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMemberSuffix, value: _ }
+
+  # Miembros protegidos en snake_case con sufijo _
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMemberCase, value: lower_case }
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMemberSuffix, value: _ }
+
+  # Miembros públicos en snake_case (sin sufijo)
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.PublicMemberCase, value: lower_case }
+
+  # Namespaces en CamelCase
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.NamespaceCase, value: CamelCase }
+
+  # Variables estáticas privadas como miembros privados
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.StaticVariableCase, value: lower_case }
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.StaticVariableSuffix, value: _ }
+  
+  # Constantes estáticas sin sufijo
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.StaticConstantCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
+
+  # Constantes globales en UPPER_CASE
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
+
+  # Variables constexpr globales en UPPER_CASE
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprVariableCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
+
+  # Constantes locales en UPPER_CASE
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.LocalConstantCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
+
+  # Constexpr miembros en UPPER_CASE (sin sufijo)
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprMemberCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
+
+  # Constexpr miembros privados/protegidos con sufijo _
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprMethodCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
+
+  # Clases, structs y enums en CamelCase
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.ClassCase, value: CamelCase }
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.StructCase, value: CamelCase }
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.EnumCase, value: CamelCase }
+
+  # Valores de enums en UPPER_CASE
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.EnumConstantCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
+
+  # Métodos en camelBack (sin sufijos)
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.MethodCase, value: camelBack }
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMethodCase, value: camelBack }
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMethodCase, value: camelBack }
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.PublicMethodCase, value: camelBack }
+
+  # Funciones en camelBack
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.FunctionCase, value: camelBack }
+
+  # Parámetros en lower_case
+  - { key: readability-identifier-naming.ParameterCase, value: lower_case }
+
+  # misc-include-cleaner: Ignorar SDL (genera falsos positivos)
+  - { key: misc-include-cleaner.IgnoreHeaders, value: 'SDL3/.*' }

.claude/settings.local.json

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{
+  "permissions": {
+    "allow": [
+      "Bash(dir \"C:\\mingw\\gitea\\orni_attack\\release\\dll\")",
+      "Bash(make:*)",
+      "Bash(echo:*)",
+      "Bash(objdump:*)",
+      "Bash(unzip:*)",
+      "Bash(\"/Volumes/diskito/diskito.app/Contents/MacOS/diskito\")",
+      "Bash(pkill:*)",
+      "Bash(hdiutil detach:*)",
+      "Bash(cat:*)",
+      "Bash(hdiutil mount:*)",
+      "Bash(open \"/Volumes/Orni Attack/Orni Attack.app\")"
+    ],
+    "deny": [],
+    "ask": []
+  }
+}

.gitignore

@@ -17,6 +17,16 @@ asteroids
 *.exe
 *.out
 *.app
+tools/pack_resources/pack_resources
+tools/pack_resources/pack_resources.exe
+
+# Releases
+*.zip
+*.tar.gz
+*.dmg
+
+# Generated resources
+resources.pack
 
 # Compiled Object files
 *.o
@@ -58,9 +68,9 @@ _deps/
 *.ilk
 
 # Core dumps
-core
-core.*
-*.core
+# core
+# core.*
+# *.core
 
 # macOS
 .DS_Store

CLAUDE.md

@@ -12,59 +12,98 @@ This is **Orni Attack**, an **Asteroids-style game** originally written in **Tur
 
 ## Build System
 
-Based on `/home/sergio/gitea/pollo` project structure.
+Based on `/home/sergio/gitea/pollo` project structure, now with **CMake as build authority** and **automatic file discovery**.
 
-### Build Commands
+### Basic Build Commands
 
 ```bash
-# Clean + compile
-make clean && make
+make           # Compile (delegates to CMake)
+make debug     # Debug build
+make clean     # Clean artifacts
+./orni         # Run
+```
 
-# Run
-./orni
+### Release Packaging
 
-# Individual targets
-make linux    # Linux build
-make macos    # macOS build
-make windows  # Windows build (MinGW)
+```bash
+make macos_release     # macOS .app bundle + .dmg (Apple Silicon)
+make linux_release     # Linux .tar.gz
+make windows_release   # Windows .zip (requires MinGW on Windows)
+make windows_cross     # Cross-compile Windows from Linux/macOS
+make rpi_release       # Raspberry Pi ARM64 cross-compile
 ```
 
 ### Build Files
 
-- **CMakeLists.txt** - CMake configuration (C++20, SDL3, project metadata)
-- **Makefile** - Cross-platform wrapper, extracts project info from CMakeLists.txt
+- **CMakeLists.txt** - CMake configuration (C++20, SDL3, auto-discovers .cpp files)
+- **Makefile** - Wrapper for compilation + complex packaging recipes
 - **source/project.h.in** - Template for auto-generated project.h
 - **build/project.h** - Auto-generated (by CMake) with project constants
-- **release/** - Platform-specific resources (icons, .rc, .plist)
+- **release/** - Platform-specific resources (icons, .rc, .plist, frameworks, DLLs)
+
+### Architecture: Hybrid CMake + Makefile
+
+**CMake handles**: Compilation (simple, standard, IDE-friendly)
+- Auto-discovers all `.cpp` files in `source/core/` and `source/game/`
+- Excludes `source/legacy/` automatically
+- Generates `build/project.h` from template
+- Links SDL3
+
+**Makefile handles**: Packaging (complex bash scripts)
+- Delegates compilation to CMake (`make` → `cmake --build build`)
+- Contains 5 release packaging targets (macOS, Linux, Windows, RPI, Windows-cross)
+- Includes: code signing, framework symlinks, DMG creation, cross-compilation
 
 ### Project Metadata System
 
-**Auto-generation with CMake**:
+**Single source of truth** in `CMakeLists.txt`:
 
-CMake generates `build/project.h` from `source/project.h.in` template on every compilation:
+```cmake
+project(orni VERSION 0.3.0)
+set(PROJECT_LONG_NAME "Orni Attack")
+set(PROJECT_COPYRIGHT "© 1999 Visente i Sergi, 2025 Port")
+```
+
+**Auto-generated** `build/project.h`:
 
 ```cpp
-// build/project.h (generated automatically)
 namespace Project {
-    constexpr const char* NAME = "orni";              // From project(orni ...)
-    constexpr const char* LONG_NAME = "Orni Attack";  // From PROJECT_LONG_NAME
-    constexpr const char* VERSION = "0.1.0";          // From VERSION
-    constexpr const char* COPYRIGHT = "© 1999...";    // From PROJECT_COPYRIGHT
-    constexpr const char* GIT_HASH = "abc1234";       // From git rev-parse
+    constexpr const char* NAME = "orni";
+    constexpr const char* LONG_NAME = "Orni Attack";
+    constexpr const char* VERSION = "0.3.0";
+    constexpr const char* COPYRIGHT = "© 1999 Visente i Sergi, 2025 Port";
+    constexpr const char* GIT_HASH = "abc1234";  // From git rev-parse
 }
 ```
 
-**Window title format** (dynamic, in sdl_manager.cpp):
-```cpp
-std::format("{} v{} ({})",
-    Project::LONG_NAME,    // "Orni Attack"
-    Project::VERSION,      // "0.1.0"
-    Project::COPYRIGHT)    // "© 1999 Visente i Sergi, 2025 Port"
+**Window title** (dynamic): `Orni Attack v0.3.0 (© 1999 Visente i Sergi, 2025 Port)`
+
+### File Discovery
+
+**Automatic** - no manual maintenance needed:
+
+```cmake
+# CMakeLists.txt automatically finds:
+file(GLOB_RECURSE CORE_SOURCES "source/core/*.cpp")
+file(GLOB_RECURSE GAME_SOURCES "source/game/*.cpp")
+# + source/main.cpp
+# - source/legacy/* (excluded)
 ```
 
-Result: `Orni Attack v0.1.0 (© 1999 Visente i Sergi, 2025 Port)`
+**When you create a new file** like `source/game/entities/asteroide.cpp`:
+1. Just create it in the appropriate directory
+2. Run `make`
+3. CMake automatically detects and compiles it
 
-**Single source of truth**: All project info in CMakeLists.txt, no hardcoded strings.
+**No need to edit** Makefile or CMakeLists.txt!
+
+### Cross-Platform Notes
+
+- **macOS**: Requires `create-dmg` (auto-installed via Homebrew)
+- **Windows**: Compile natively with MinGW or use `make windows_cross` on Linux/macOS
+- **Windows cross**: Requires `x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++` toolchain
+- **RPI cross**: Requires `aarch64-linux-gnu-g++` toolchain
+- **Frameworks**: macOS release includes SDL3.xcframework with symlink recreation
 
 ## Architecture
 
@@ -466,6 +505,284 @@ void dibuixar() {
 }
 ```
 
+## Title Screen Ship System (BETA 3.0)
+
+The title screen features two 3D ships floating on the starfield with perspective rendering, entry/exit animations, and subtle floating motion.
+
+### Architecture Overview
+
+**Files:**
+- `source/game/title/ship_animator.hpp/cpp` - Ship animation state machine
+- `source/core/rendering/shape_renderer.hpp/cpp` - 3D rotation + perspective projection
+- `source/core/defaults.hpp` - Title::Ships namespace with all constants
+- `source/game/escenes/escena_titol.hpp/cpp` - Integration with title scene
+
+**Design Philosophy:**
+- **Static 3D rotation**: Ships have fixed pitch/yaw/roll angles (not recalculated per frame)
+- **Simple Z-axis simulation**: Scale changes simulate depth, not full perspective recalculation
+- **State machine**: ENTERING → FLOATING → EXITING states
+- **Easing functions**: Smooth transitions with ease_out_quad (entry) and ease_in_quad (exit)
+- **Sinusoidal floating**: Organic motion using X/Y oscillation with phase offset
+
+### 3D Rendering System
+
+#### Rotation3D Struct (shape_renderer.hpp)
+
+```cpp
+struct Rotation3D {
+    float pitch;  // X-axis rotation (nose up/down)
+    float yaw;    // Y-axis rotation (turn left/right)
+    float roll;   // Z-axis rotation (bank left/right)
+
+    Rotation3D() : pitch(0.0f), yaw(0.0f), roll(0.0f) {}
+    Rotation3D(float p, float y, float r) : pitch(p), yaw(y), roll(r) {}
+
+    bool has_rotation() const {
+        return pitch != 0.0f || yaw != 0.0f || roll != 0.0f;
+    }
+};
+```
+
+#### 3D Transformation Pipeline (shape_renderer.cpp)
+
+```cpp
+static Punt apply_3d_rotation(float x, float y, const Rotation3D& rot) {
+    float z = 0.0f;  // All 2D points start at Z=0
+
+    // 1. Pitch (X-axis): Rotate around horizontal axis
+    float cos_pitch = std::cos(rot.pitch);
+    float sin_pitch = std::sin(rot.pitch);
+    float y1 = y * cos_pitch - z * sin_pitch;
+    float z1 = y * sin_pitch + z * cos_pitch;
+
+    // 2. Yaw (Y-axis): Rotate around vertical axis
+    float cos_yaw = std::cos(rot.yaw);
+    float sin_yaw = std::sin(rot.yaw);
+    float x2 = x * cos_yaw + z1 * sin_yaw;
+    float z2 = -x * sin_yaw + z1 * cos_yaw;
+
+    // 3. Roll (Z-axis): Rotate around depth axis
+    float cos_roll = std::cos(rot.roll);
+    float sin_roll = std::sin(rot.roll);
+    float x3 = x2 * cos_roll - y1 * sin_roll;
+    float y3 = x2 * sin_roll + y1 * cos_roll;
+
+    // 4. Perspective projection (Z-divide)
+    constexpr float perspective_factor = 500.0f;
+    float scale_factor = perspective_factor / (perspective_factor + z2);
+
+    return {x3 * scale_factor, y3 * scale_factor};
+}
+```
+
+**Rendering order**: 3D rotation → perspective → 2D scale → 2D rotation → translation
+
+**Backward compatibility**: Optional `rotation_3d` parameter (default nullptr) - existing code unaffected
+
+### Ship Animation State Machine
+
+#### States (ship_animator.hpp)
+
+```cpp
+enum class EstatNau {
+    ENTERING,  // Entering from off-screen
+    FLOATING,  // Floating at target position
+    EXITING    // Flying towards vanishing point
+};
+
+struct NauTitol {
+    int jugador_id;              // 1 or 2
+    EstatNau estat;              // Current state
+    float temps_estat;           // Time in current state
+
+    Punt posicio_inicial;        // Start position
+    Punt posicio_objectiu;       // Target position
+    Punt posicio_actual;         // Current interpolated position
+
+    float escala_inicial;        // Start scale
+    float escala_objectiu;       // Target scale
+    float escala_actual;         // Current interpolated scale
+
+    Rotation3D rotacio_3d;       // STATIC 3D rotation (never changes)
+    float fase_oscilacio;        // Oscillation phase accumulator
+
+    std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape> forma;
+    bool visible;
+};
+```
+
+#### State Transitions
+
+**ENTERING** (2.0s):
+- Ships appear from beyond screen edges (calculated radially from clock positions)
+- Lerp position: off-screen → target (clock 8 / clock 4)
+- Lerp scale: 1.0 → 0.6 (perspective effect)
+- Easing: `ease_out_quad` (smooth deceleration)
+- Transition: → FLOATING when complete
+
+**FLOATING** (indefinite):
+- Sinusoidal oscillation on X/Y axes
+- Different frequencies (0.5 Hz / 0.7 Hz) with phase offset (π/2)
+- Creates organic circular/elliptical motion
+- Scale constant at 0.6
+- Transition: → EXITING when START pressed
+
+**EXITING** (1.0s):
+- Ships fly towards vanishing point (center: 320, 240)
+- Lerp position: current → vanishing point
+- Lerp scale: current → 0.0 (simulates Z → infinity)
+- Easing: `ease_in_quad` (acceleration)
+- Edge case: If START pressed during ENTERING, ships fly from mid-animation position
+- Marks invisible when complete
+
+### Configuration (defaults.hpp)
+
+```cpp
+namespace Title {
+namespace Ships {
+    // Clock positions (polar coordinates from center 320, 240)
+    constexpr float CLOCK_8_ANGLE = 150.0f * Math::PI / 180.0f;  // Bottom-left
+    constexpr float CLOCK_4_ANGLE = 30.0f * Math::PI / 180.0f;   // Bottom-right
+    constexpr float CLOCK_RADIUS = 150.0f;
+
+    // Target positions (pre-calculated)
+    constexpr float P1_TARGET_X = 190.0f;  // Clock 8
+    constexpr float P1_TARGET_Y = 315.0f;
+    constexpr float P2_TARGET_X = 450.0f;  // Clock 4
+    constexpr float P2_TARGET_Y = 315.0f;
+
+    // 3D rotations (STATIC - tuned for subtle effect)
+    constexpr float P1_PITCH = 0.1f;   // ~6° nose-up
+    constexpr float P1_YAW = -0.15f;   // ~9° turn left
+    constexpr float P1_ROLL = -0.05f;  // ~3° bank left
+
+    constexpr float P2_PITCH = 0.1f;   // ~6° nose-up
+    constexpr float P2_YAW = 0.15f;    // ~9° turn right
+    constexpr float P2_ROLL = 0.05f;   // ~3° bank right
+
+    // Scales
+    constexpr float ENTRY_SCALE_START = 1.0f;
+    constexpr float FLOATING_SCALE = 0.6f;
+
+    // Animation durations
+    constexpr float ENTRY_DURATION = 2.0f;
+    constexpr float EXIT_DURATION = 1.0f;
+    constexpr float ENTRY_OFFSET = 200.0f;  // Distance beyond screen edge
+
+    // Floating oscillation
+    constexpr float FLOAT_AMPLITUDE_X = 6.0f;
+    constexpr float FLOAT_AMPLITUDE_Y = 4.0f;
+    constexpr float FLOAT_FREQUENCY_X = 0.5f;
+    constexpr float FLOAT_FREQUENCY_Y = 0.7f;
+    constexpr float FLOAT_PHASE_OFFSET = 1.57f;  // π/2 (90°)
+
+    // Vanishing point
+    constexpr float VANISHING_POINT_X = 320.0f;
+    constexpr float VANISHING_POINT_Y = 240.0f;
+}
+}
+```
+
+### Integration with EscenaTitol
+
+#### Constructor
+
+```cpp
+// Initialize ships after starfield
+ship_animator_ = std::make_unique<Title::ShipAnimator>(sdl_.obte_renderer());
+ship_animator_->inicialitzar();
+
+if (estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::MAIN) {
+    // Jump to MAIN: ships already in position (no entry animation)
+    ship_animator_->set_visible(true);
+} else {
+    // Normal flow: ships enter during STARFIELD_FADE_IN
+    ship_animator_->set_visible(true);
+    ship_animator_->start_entry_animation();
+}
+```
+
+#### Update Loop
+
+```cpp
+// Update ships in visible states
+if (ship_animator_ &&
+    (estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::STARFIELD_FADE_IN ||
+     estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::STARFIELD ||
+     estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::MAIN ||
+     estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::PLAYER_JOIN_PHASE)) {
+    ship_animator_->actualitzar(delta_time);
+}
+
+// Trigger exit when START pressed
+if (checkStartGameButtonPressed()) {
+    estat_actual_ = EstatTitol::PLAYER_JOIN_PHASE;
+    ship_animator_->trigger_exit_animation();  // Edge case: handles mid-ENTERING
+    Audio::get()->fadeOutMusic(MUSIC_FADE);
+}
+```
+
+#### Draw Loop
+
+```cpp
+// Draw order: starfield → ships → logo → text
+if (starfield_) starfield_->dibuixar();
+
+if (ship_animator_ &&
+    (estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::STARFIELD_FADE_IN ||
+     estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::STARFIELD ||
+     estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::MAIN ||
+     estat_actual_ == EstatTitol::PLAYER_JOIN_PHASE)) {
+    ship_animator_->dibuixar();
+}
+
+// Logo and text drawn after ships (foreground)
+```
+
+### Timing & Visibility
+
+**Timeline:**
+1. **STARFIELD_FADE_IN** (3.0s): Ships enter from off-screen
+2. **STARFIELD** (4.0s): Ships floating
+3. **MAIN** (indefinite): Ships floating + logo + text visible
+4. **PLAYER_JOIN_PHASE** (2.5s): Ships exit (1.0s) + text blink
+5. **BLACK_SCREEN** (2.0s): Ships already invisible (exit completed at 1.0s)
+
+**Automatic visibility management:**
+- Ships marked `visible = false` when exit animation completes (actualitzar_exiting)
+- No manual hiding needed - state machine handles it
+
+### Tuning Notes
+
+**If ships look distorted:**
+- Reduce rotation angles (P1_PITCH, P1_YAW, P1_ROLL, P2_*)
+- Current values (0.1, 0.15, 0.05) are tuned for subtle 3D effect
+- Angles in radians: 0.1 rad ≈ 6°, 0.15 rad ≈ 9°
+
+**If ships are too large/small:**
+- Adjust FLOATING_SCALE (currently 0.6)
+- Adjust ENTRY_SCALE_START (currently 1.0)
+
+**If floating motion is too jerky/smooth:**
+- Adjust FLOAT_AMPLITUDE_X/Y (currently 6.0/4.0 pixels)
+- Adjust FLOAT_FREQUENCY_X/Y (currently 0.5/0.7 Hz)
+
+**If entry/exit animations are too fast/slow:**
+- Adjust ENTRY_DURATION (currently 2.0s)
+- Adjust EXIT_DURATION (currently 1.0s)
+
+### Implementation Phases (Completed)
+
+✅ **Phase 1**: 3D infrastructure (Rotation3D, render_shape extension)
+✅ **Phase 2**: Foundation (ship_animator files, constants)
+✅ **Phase 3**: Configuration & loading (shape loading, initialization)
+✅ **Phase 4**: Floating animation (sinusoidal oscillation)
+✅ **Phase 5**: Entry animation (off-screen → position with easing)
+✅ **Phase 6**: Exit animation (position → vanishing point)
+✅ **Phase 7**: EscenaTitol integration (constructor, update, draw)
+✅ **Phase 8**: Polish & tuning (angles, scales, edge cases)
+✅ **Phase 9**: Documentation (CLAUDE.md, code comments)
+
 ## Migration Progress
 
 ### ✅ Phase 0: Project Setup

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 # CMakeLists.txt
 
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
-project(orni VERSION 0.3.0)
+project(orni VERSION 0.7.1)
 
 # Info del proyecto
 set(PROJECT_LONG_NAME "Orni Attack")
-set(PROJECT_COPYRIGHT "© 1999 Visente i Sergi, 2025 Port")
+set(PROJECT_COPYRIGHT_ORIGINAL "© 1999 Visente i Sergi")
+set(PROJECT_COPYRIGHT_PORT "© 2025 JailDesigner")
+set(PROJECT_COPYRIGHT "${PROJECT_COPYRIGHT_ORIGINAL}, ${PROJECT_COPYRIGHT_PORT}")
 
 # Establecer estándar de C++
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
@@ -31,33 +33,23 @@ endif()
 # Configurar archivo de versión
 configure_file(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/source/project.h.in ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/project.h @ONLY)
 
-# --- LISTA DE FUENTES ---
+# --- LISTA DE FUENTES (AUTO-DESCUBRIMIENTO) ---
+# Buscar automáticamente todos los archivos .cpp en core/, game/ y main.cpp
+file(GLOB_RECURSE CORE_SOURCES "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/source/core/*.cpp")
+file(GLOB_RECURSE GAME_SOURCES "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/source/game/*.cpp")
 set(APP_SOURCES
+    ${CORE_SOURCES}
+    ${GAME_SOURCES}
     source/main.cpp
-    source/core/system/director.cpp
-    source/core/system/global_events.cpp
-    source/core/rendering/sdl_manager.cpp
-    source/core/rendering/line_renderer.cpp
-    source/core/rendering/color_oscillator.cpp
-    source/core/rendering/polygon_renderer.cpp
-    source/core/rendering/primitives.cpp
-    source/core/rendering/shape_renderer.cpp
-    source/core/graphics/shape.cpp
-    source/core/graphics/shape_loader.cpp
-    source/core/graphics/vector_text.cpp
-    source/core/graphics/starfield.cpp
-    source/core/audio/audio.cpp
-    source/core/audio/audio_cache.cpp
-    source/game/options.cpp
-    source/game/escenes/escena_logo.cpp
-    source/game/escenes/escena_titol.cpp
-    source/game/escenes/escena_joc.cpp
-    source/game/entities/nau.cpp
-    source/game/entities/bala.cpp
-    source/game/entities/enemic.cpp
-    source/game/effects/debris_manager.cpp
 )
 
+# Excluir archivos legacy (código Pascal de referencia)
+list(FILTER APP_SOURCES EXCLUDE REGEX ".*/legacy/.*")
+
+# Log de archivos encontrados (útil para debug)
+list(LENGTH APP_SOURCES APP_SOURCES_COUNT)
+message(STATUS "Archivos .cpp encontrados: ${APP_SOURCES_COUNT}")
+
 # Configuración de SDL3
 find_package(SDL3 REQUIRED CONFIG REQUIRED COMPONENTS SDL3)
 message(STATUS "SDL3 encontrado: ${SDL3_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
@@ -83,10 +75,21 @@ target_compile_options(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE $<$<CONFIG:RELEASE>:-O2 -ffunctio
 target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE $<$<CONFIG:DEBUG>:_DEBUG>)
 target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE $<$<CONFIG:RELEASE>:RELEASE_BUILD>)
 
+# Definir MACOS_BUNDLE si es un bundle de macOS
+if(APPLE AND MACOSX_BUNDLE)
+    target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE MACOS_BUNDLE)
+endif()
+
 # Configuración específica para cada plataforma
 if(WIN32)
     target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE WINDOWS_BUILD)
     target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE mingw32)
+    # Static linking for libgcc and libstdc++ (avoid DLL dependencies for distribution)
+    target_link_options(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
+        -static-libgcc
+        -static-libstdc++
+        -static
+    )
     # Añadir icono en Windows (se configurará desde el Makefile con windres)
 elseif(APPLE)
     target_compile_definitions(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE MACOS_BUILD)
@@ -102,12 +105,16 @@ set_target_properties(${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTIES RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAK
 # --- STATIC ANALYSIS TARGETS ---
 # Buscar herramientas de análisis estático
 find_program(CLANG_FORMAT_EXE NAMES clang-format)
+find_program(CLANG_TIDY_EXE NAMES clang-tidy)
 
 # Recopilar todos los archivos fuente para formateo
 file(GLOB_RECURSE ALL_SOURCE_FILES
     "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/source/*.cpp"
     "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/source/*.hpp"
 )
+# Excluir directorios con checks deshabilitados
+list(FILTER ALL_SOURCE_FILES EXCLUDE REGEX ".*/audio/.*")
+list(FILTER ALL_SOURCE_FILES EXCLUDE REGEX ".*/legacy/.*")
 
 # Targets de clang-format
 if(CLANG_FORMAT_EXE)
@@ -130,3 +137,43 @@ if(CLANG_FORMAT_EXE)
 else()
     message(STATUS "clang-format no encontrado - targets 'format' y 'format-check' no disponibles")
 endif()
+
+# Targets de clang-tidy
+if(CLANG_TIDY_EXE)
+    # En macOS, obtener la ruta del SDK para que clang-tidy encuentre los headers del sistema
+    set(CLANG_TIDY_EXTRA_ARGS "")
+    if(APPLE)
+        execute_process(
+            COMMAND xcrun --show-sdk-path
+            OUTPUT_VARIABLE MACOS_SDK_PATH
+            OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+        )
+        if(MACOS_SDK_PATH)
+            set(CLANG_TIDY_EXTRA_ARGS "--extra-arg=-isysroot${MACOS_SDK_PATH}")
+            message(STATUS "clang-tidy usará SDK de macOS: ${MACOS_SDK_PATH}")
+        endif()
+    endif()
+
+    add_custom_target(tidy
+        COMMAND ${CLANG_TIDY_EXE}
+            -p ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
+            ${CLANG_TIDY_EXTRA_ARGS}
+            --fix
+            --fix-errors
+            ${ALL_SOURCE_FILES}
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}
+        COMMENT "Running clang-tidy with auto-fix..."
+    )
+
+    add_custom_target(tidy-check
+        COMMAND ${CLANG_TIDY_EXE}
+            -p ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
+            ${CLANG_TIDY_EXTRA_ARGS}
+            --warnings-as-errors='*'
+            ${ALL_SOURCE_FILES}
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}
+        COMMENT "Checking clang-tidy..."
+    )
+else()
+    message(STATUS "clang-tidy no encontrado - targets 'tidy' y 'tidy-check' no disponibles")
+endif()

Makefile

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ DIR_BIN        := $(DIR_ROOT)
 # TARGET NAMES
 # ==============================================================================
 ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-    TARGET_NAME    := $(shell powershell -Command "$$line = Get-Content CMakeLists.txt | Where-Object {$$_ -match '^project'}; if ($$line -match 'project\s*\x28(\w+)') { $$matches[1] }")
-    LONG_NAME      := $(shell powershell -Command "$$line = Get-Content CMakeLists.txt | Where-Object {$$_ -match 'PROJECT_LONG_NAME'}; if ($$line -match '\"(.+)\"') { $$matches[1] }")
+    TARGET_NAME    := $(shell powershell -Command "(Select-String -Path 'CMakeLists.txt' -Pattern 'project\s*\x28(\w+)').Matches.Groups[1].Value")
+    LONG_NAME      := $(shell powershell -Command "(Select-String -Path 'CMakeLists.txt' -Pattern 'PROJECT_LONG_NAME\s+\x22(.+?)\x22').Matches.Groups[1].Value")
 else
     TARGET_NAME    := $(shell awk '/^project/ {gsub(/[)(]/, " "); print $$2}' CMakeLists.txt)
     LONG_NAME      := $(shell grep 'PROJECT_LONG_NAME' CMakeLists.txt | sed 's/.*"\(.*\)".*/\1/')
@@ -24,160 +24,325 @@ RELEASE_FILE   := $(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(TARGET_NAME)
 # VERSION
 # ==============================================================================
 ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-    VERSION := v$(shell powershell -Command "$$line = Get-Content CMakeLists.txt | Where-Object {$$_ -match '^project'}; if ($$line -match 'VERSION\s+([0-9.]+)') { $$matches[1] }")
+    VERSION := v$(shell powershell -Command "(Select-String -Path 'CMakeLists.txt' -Pattern 'project.*VERSION\s+([0-9.]+)').Matches.Groups[1].Value")
 else
     VERSION := v$(shell grep "^project" CMakeLists.txt | tr -cd 0-9.)
 endif
 
+# Release file names (depend on VERSION, so must come after)
+ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
+    RAW_VERSION := $(shell powershell -Command "\"$(VERSION)\" -replace '^v', ''")
+else
+    RAW_VERSION := $(shell echo $(VERSION) | sed 's/^v//')
+endif
+WINDOWS_RELEASE := $(TARGET_NAME)-$(VERSION)-windows-x64.zip
+MACOS_ARM_RELEASE := $(TARGET_NAME)-$(VERSION)-macos-arm64.dmg
+MACOS_INTEL_RELEASE := $(TARGET_NAME)-$(VERSION)-macos-x64.dmg
+LINUX_RELEASE := $(TARGET_NAME)-$(VERSION)-linux-x64.tar.gz
+RPI_RELEASE := $(TARGET_NAME)-$(VERSION)-rpi-arm64.tar.gz
+APP_NAME := $(LONG_NAME)
+
 # ==============================================================================
 # SOURCE FILES
 # ==============================================================================
-APP_SOURCES := \
-    source/main.cpp \
-    source/core/system/director.cpp \
-    source/core/system/global_events.cpp \
-    source/core/audio/audio.cpp \
-    source/core/audio/audio_cache.cpp \
-    source/core/rendering/sdl_manager.cpp \
-    source/core/rendering/line_renderer.cpp \
-    source/core/rendering/color_oscillator.cpp \
-    source/core/rendering/polygon_renderer.cpp \
-    source/core/rendering/primitives.cpp \
-    source/core/rendering/shape_renderer.cpp \
-    source/core/graphics/shape.cpp \
-    source/core/graphics/shape_loader.cpp \
-    source/core/graphics/vector_text.cpp \
-    source/core/graphics/starfield.cpp \
-    source/game/options.cpp \
-    source/game/escenes/escena_logo.cpp \
-    source/game/escenes/escena_titol.cpp \
-    source/game/escenes/escena_joc.cpp \
-    source/game/entities/nau.cpp \
-    source/game/entities/bala.cpp \
-    source/game/entities/enemic.cpp \
-    source/game/effects/debris_manager.cpp
+# Note: Source files are now auto-discovered by CMake using GLOB_RECURSE
+# No need to maintain this list manually anymore!
 
 # ==============================================================================
-# INCLUDES
+# PLATFORM-SPECIFIC UTILITIES
 # ==============================================================================
-INCLUDES := -Isource -Ibuild
-
-# ==============================================================================
-# COMPILER FLAGS (OS-specific)
-# ==============================================================================
-CPP_STANDARD := c++20
+# Use Unix commands always (MinGW Make uses bash even on Windows)
+RMFILE          := rm -f
+RMDIR           := rm -rf
+MKDIR           := mkdir -p
 
 ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-    # Windows (MinGW)
-    FixPath         = $(subst /,\\,$1)
-    CXX             := g++
-    CXXFLAGS        := -std=$(CPP_STANDARD) -Wall -O2 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections \
-                       -Wl,--gc-sections -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc \
-                       -Wl,-subsystem,windows -DWINDOWS_BUILD
-    CXXFLAGS_DEBUG  := -std=$(CPP_STANDARD) -Wall -g -D_DEBUG -DWINDOWS_BUILD
-    LDFLAGS         := -lmingw32 -lSDL3
-    WINDRES         := windres
-    RESOURCE_FILE   := release/orni.res
-    RM              := del /Q
-    RMDIR           := rmdir /S /Q
-    MKDIR           := mkdir
+    # Windows-specific: Force cmd.exe shell for PowerShell commands
+    SHELL := cmd.exe
 else
-    # Unix-like systems (Linux/macOS)
-    FixPath         = $1
-    CXX             := g++
-    CXXFLAGS        := -std=$(CPP_STANDARD) -Wall -O2
-    CXXFLAGS_DEBUG  := -std=$(CPP_STANDARD) -Wall -g -D_DEBUG
-    LDFLAGS         := -lSDL3
-    RMFILE          := rm -f
-    RMDIR           := rm -rf
-    MKDIR           := mkdir -p
-
+    # Unix-specific
     UNAME_S         := $(shell uname -s)
-    ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
-        CXXFLAGS    += -DLINUX_BUILD
-        CXXFLAGS_DEBUG += -DLINUX_BUILD
-    endif
-    ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
-        CXXFLAGS    += -arch arm64 -Wno-deprecated -DMACOS_BUILD
-        CXXFLAGS_DEBUG += -arch arm64 -Wno-deprecated -DMACOS_BUILD
-    endif
 endif
 
+# ==============================================================================
+# PACKING TOOL
+# ==============================================================================
+PACK_TOOL := tools/pack_resources/pack_resources
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# DEFAULT GOAL
+# ==============================================================================
+.DEFAULT_GOAL := all
+
+.PHONY: pack_tool resources.pack
+
+pack_tool:
+	@make -C tools/pack_resources
+
+resources.pack: pack_tool
+	@echo "Creating resources.pack..."
+	@./$(PACK_TOOL) data resources.pack
+
 # ==============================================================================
 # TARGETS
 # ==============================================================================
 .PHONY: all clean debug help backup
 
-# Default target
-all: $(TARGET_FILE)
+# ==============================================================================
+# BUILD TARGETS (delegate to CMake)
+# ==============================================================================
 
-# Generate build/project.h from template
-.PHONY: generate_project_h
-generate_project_h:
-	@$(MKDIR) build 2>/dev/null || true
-	@echo "Generating build/project.h..."
-ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-	@powershell -Command \
-		"$$name = '$(TARGET_NAME)'; \
-		$$long = '$(LONG_NAME)'; \
-		$$ver = '$(VERSION)'.TrimStart('v'); \
-		$$copy = (Get-Content CMakeLists.txt | Where-Object {$$_ -match 'PROJECT_COPYRIGHT'} | ForEach-Object {if ($$_ -match '\"(.+)\"') {$$matches[1]}}); \
-		$$hash = try {git rev-parse --short=7 HEAD 2>$$null} catch {'unknown'}; \
-		(Get-Content source/project.h.in) -replace '@PROJECT_NAME@', $$name -replace '@PROJECT_LONG_NAME@', $$long -replace '@PROJECT_VERSION@', $$ver -replace '@PROJECT_COPYRIGHT@', $$copy -replace '@GIT_HASH@', $$hash | Set-Content build/project.h"
-else
-	@PROJECT_COPYRIGHT=$$(grep 'PROJECT_COPYRIGHT' CMakeLists.txt | sed 's/.*"\(.*\)".*/\1/'); \
-	PROJECT_VERSION=$$(echo $(VERSION) | sed 's/^v//'); \
-	GIT_HASH=$$(git rev-parse --short=7 HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown"); \
-	sed -e "s/@PROJECT_NAME@/$(TARGET_NAME)/g" \
-	    -e "s/@PROJECT_LONG_NAME@/$(LONG_NAME)/g" \
-	    -e "s/@PROJECT_VERSION@/$${PROJECT_VERSION}/g" \
-	    -e "s/@PROJECT_COPYRIGHT@/$${PROJECT_COPYRIGHT}/g" \
-	    -e "s/@GIT_HASH@/$${GIT_HASH}/g" \
-	    source/project.h.in > build/project.h
-endif
-	@echo "build/project.h generated successfully"
+# Default target: build with CMake + resources
+all: resources.pack $(TARGET_FILE)
 
-# Compile executable
-$(TARGET_FILE): generate_project_h $(APP_SOURCES)
-ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-	@if not exist build $(MKDIR) build
-	@if not exist release\\orni.res $(WINDRES) release\\orni.rc -O coff -o release\\orni.res
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) $(APP_SOURCES) $(RESOURCE_FILE) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(TARGET_FILE).exe
-else
-	@$(MKDIR) build
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) $(APP_SOURCES) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(TARGET_FILE)
-endif
-	@echo Compilation successful: $(TARGET_FILE)
+$(TARGET_FILE):
+	@cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+	@cmake --build build
+	@echo "Build successful: $(TARGET_FILE)"
 
 # Debug build
-debug: generate_project_h $(APP_SOURCES)
-ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-	@if not exist build $(MKDIR) build
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS_DEBUG) $(INCLUDES) $(APP_SOURCES) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(TARGET_FILE)_debug.exe
-else
-	@$(MKDIR) build
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS_DEBUG) $(INCLUDES) $(APP_SOURCES) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(TARGET_FILE)_debug
-endif
-	@echo Debug build successful: $(TARGET_FILE)_debug
+debug: resources.pack
+	@cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
+	@cmake --build build
+	@echo "Debug build successful: $(TARGET_FILE)"
+
+# ==============================================================================
+# RELEASE PACKAGING TARGETS
+# ==============================================================================
+
+# macOS Release (Apple Silicon)
+.PHONY: macos_release
+macos_release: pack_tool resources.pack
+	@echo "Creating macOS release - Version: $(VERSION)"
+
+	# Check/install create-dmg
+	@command -v create-dmg >/dev/null || (echo "Installing create-dmg..." && brew install create-dmg)
+
+	# Clean previous releases
+	@$(RMDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)" 2>/dev/null || true
+	@$(RMDIR) Frameworks 2>/dev/null || true
+	@$(RMFILE) "$(MACOS_ARM_RELEASE)" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+	# Create .app structure
+	@$(MKDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Frameworks"
+	@$(MKDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/MacOS"
+	@$(MKDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Resources"
+	@$(MKDIR) Frameworks
+
+	# Copy resources.pack to Resources
+	@cp resources.pack "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Resources/"
+	@ditto release/frameworks/SDL3.xcframework/macos-arm64_x86_64/SDL3.framework "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Frameworks/SDL3.framework"
+	@ditto release/frameworks/SDL3.xcframework/macos-arm64_x86_64/SDL3.framework Frameworks/SDL3.framework
+
+	# Recreate framework symlinks (may be broken)
+	@cd Frameworks/SDL3.framework && rm -f SDL3 Headers Resources && \
+		ln -s Versions/Current/SDL3 SDL3 && \
+		ln -s Versions/Current/Headers Headers && \
+		ln -s Versions/Current/Resources Resources
+	@cd Frameworks/SDL3.framework/Versions && rm -f Current && ln -s A Current
+	@cd "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Frameworks/SDL3.framework" && rm -f SDL3 Headers Resources && \
+		ln -s Versions/Current/SDL3 SDL3 && \
+		ln -s Versions/Current/Headers Headers && \
+		ln -s Versions/Current/Resources Resources
+	@cd "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Frameworks/SDL3.framework/Versions" && rm -f Current && ln -s A Current
+
+	@cp release/icon.icns "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Resources/"
+	@cp release/Info.plist "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/"
+	@cp LICENSE "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/" 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: LICENSE not found"
+	@cp README.md "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/" 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: README.md not found"
+
+	# Update Info.plist version and names
+	@echo "Updating Info.plist with version $(RAW_VERSION) and names..."
+	@sed -i '' '/<key>CFBundleShortVersionString<\/key>/{n;s|<string>.*</string>|<string>$(RAW_VERSION)</string>|;}' \
+		"$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Info.plist"
+	@sed -i '' '/<key>CFBundleVersion<\/key>/{n;s|<string>.*</string>|<string>$(RAW_VERSION)</string>|;}' \
+		"$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Info.plist"
+	@sed -i '' '/<key>CFBundleExecutable<\/key>/{n;s|<string>.*</string>|<string>$(TARGET_NAME)</string>|;}' \
+		"$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Info.plist"
+	@sed -i '' '/<key>CFBundleName<\/key>/{n;s|<string>.*</string>|<string>$(APP_NAME)</string>|;}' \
+		"$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Info.plist"
+	@sed -i '' '/<key>CFBundleDisplayName<\/key>/{n;s|<string>.*</string>|<string>$(APP_NAME)</string>|;}' \
+		"$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/Info.plist"
+
+	# Compile for Apple Silicon using CMake
+	@cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES=arm64
+	@cmake --build build
+	@cp $(TARGET_FILE) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app/Contents/MacOS/$(TARGET_NAME)"
+
+	# Code sign
+	@codesign --deep --force --sign - --timestamp=none "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/$(APP_NAME).app" || echo "Warning: Code signing failed"
+
+	# Create DMG
+	@echo "Creating DMG for Apple Silicon..."
+	@create-dmg \
+		--volname "$(APP_NAME)" \
+		--window-pos 200 120 \
+		--window-size 720 300 \
+		--icon-size 96 \
+		--text-size 12 \
+		--icon "$(APP_NAME).app" 278 102 \
+		--icon "LICENSE" 441 102 \
+		--icon "README.md" 604 102 \
+		--app-drop-link 115 102 \
+		--hide-extension "$(APP_NAME).app" \
+		"$(MACOS_ARM_RELEASE)" \
+		"$(RELEASE_FOLDER)" || true
+	@echo "✓ macOS release created: $(MACOS_ARM_RELEASE)"
+
+	# Cleanup
+	@$(RMDIR) Frameworks
+	@$(RMDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+
+# Linux Release
+.PHONY: linux_release
+linux_release: pack_tool resources.pack
+	@echo "Creating Linux release - Version: $(VERSION)"
+	@echo "Note: SDL3 must be installed on the target system (libsdl3-dev)"
+
+	# Clean previous
+	@$(RMDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+	@$(RMFILE) "$(LINUX_RELEASE)"
+
+	# Create folder
+	@$(MKDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+
+	# Copy resources
+	@cp resources.pack "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/"
+	@cp LICENSE "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/" 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: LICENSE not found"
+	@cp README.md "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/" 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: README.md not found"
+
+	# Compile with CMake
+	@cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+	@cmake --build build
+	@cp $(TARGET_FILE) "$(RELEASE_FILE)"
+	@strip -s -R .comment -R .gnu.version "$(RELEASE_FILE)" --strip-unneeded || strip "$(RELEASE_FILE)"
+
+	# Package
+	@tar -czf "$(LINUX_RELEASE)" -C "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)" .
+	@echo "✓ Linux release created: $(LINUX_RELEASE)"
+
+	# Cleanup
+	@$(RMDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+
+# Windows Release (requires MinGW on Windows or cross-compiler on Linux)
+.PHONY: windows_release
+windows_release: pack_tool resources.pack
+	@echo off
+	@echo Creating Windows release - Version: $(VERSION)
+	@powershell if (Test-Path "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)") {Remove-Item "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)" -Recurse -Force}
+	@powershell if (Test-Path "$(WINDOWS_RELEASE)") {Remove-Item "$(WINDOWS_RELEASE)"}
+	@powershell if (-not (Test-Path "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)")) {New-Item "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)" -ItemType Directory}
+	@powershell Copy-Item -Path "resources.pack" -Destination "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+	@powershell Copy-Item "release\dll\SDL3.dll" -Destination "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+	@powershell Copy-Item "release\dll\libwinpthread-1.dll" -Destination "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+	@powershell if (Test-Path "LICENSE") {Copy-Item "LICENSE" -Destination "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"}
+	@powershell if (Test-Path "README.md") {Copy-Item "README.md" -Destination "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"}
+	@windres release/$(TARGET_NAME).rc -O coff -o release/$(TARGET_NAME).res 2>nul || echo Warning: windres failed
+	@cmake -B build -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+	@cmake --build build
+	@powershell if (Test-Path "$(TARGET_FILE).exe") {Copy-Item "$(TARGET_FILE).exe" -Destination "$(RELEASE_FILE).exe"} else {Copy-Item "$(TARGET_FILE)" -Destination "$(RELEASE_FILE).exe"}
+	@strip "$(RELEASE_FILE).exe" 2>nul || echo Warning: strip not available
+	@powershell Compress-Archive -Path "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)\*" -DestinationPath "$(WINDOWS_RELEASE)" -Force
+	@echo Release created: $(WINDOWS_RELEASE)
+	@powershell if (Test-Path "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)") {Remove-Item "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)" -Recurse -Force}
+
+# Raspberry Pi Release (cross-compilation from Linux/macOS)
+.PHONY: rpi_release
+rpi_release:
+	@echo "Creating Raspberry Pi ARM64 release - Version: $(VERSION)"
+	@echo "Note: Requires aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ cross-compiler"
+
+	# Check for cross-compiler
+	@command -v aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ >/dev/null || (echo "Error: aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ not found" && exit 1)
+
+	# Clean previous
+	@$(RMDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+	@$(RMFILE) "$(RPI_RELEASE)"
+
+	# Create folder
+	@$(MKDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+
+	# Copy resources
+	@cp resources.pack "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/"
+	@cp LICENSE "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/" 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: LICENSE not found"
+	@cp README.md "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/" 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: README.md not found"
+
+	# Note: Cross-compilation with CMake is complex, would need toolchain file
+	@echo "Warning: RPI cross-compilation requires manual setup with CMake toolchain file"
+	@echo "Falling back to direct g++ compilation..."
+	@aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ -std=c++20 -Wall -O2 -DLINUX_BUILD -DRPI_BUILD \
+		-Isource -Ibuild \
+		$$(find source/core source/game -name "*.cpp") source/main.cpp \
+		-lSDL3 -o "$(RELEASE_FILE)" || echo "Error: Compilation failed"
+	@aarch64-linux-gnu-strip -s -R .comment -R .gnu.version "$(RELEASE_FILE)" --strip-unneeded || true
+
+	# Package
+	@tar -czf "$(RPI_RELEASE)" -C "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)" .
+	@echo "✓ Raspberry Pi release created: $(RPI_RELEASE)"
+
+	# Cleanup
+	@$(RMDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+
+# Windows Cross-compilation (from Linux/macOS)
+.PHONY: windows_cross
+windows_cross:
+	@echo "Cross-compiling for Windows from $(UNAME_S) - Version: $(VERSION)"
+
+	# Check for cross-compiler
+	@command -v x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ >/dev/null || (echo "Error: x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ not found" && exit 1)
+
+	# Clean previous
+	@$(RMDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+	@$(RMFILE) "$(WINDOWS_RELEASE)"
+
+	# Create folder
+	@$(MKDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
+
+	# Copy resources
+	@cp resources.pack "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/"
+	@cp release/dll/SDL3.dll release/dll/libwinpthread-1.dll "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/"
+	@cp LICENSE "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/" 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: LICENSE not found"
+	@cp README.md "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)/" 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: README.md not found"
+
+	# Compile resource file
+	@x86_64-w64-mingw32-windres release/$(TARGET_NAME).rc -O coff -o release/$(TARGET_NAME).res 2>/dev/null || echo "Warning: windres failed"
+
+	# Cross-compile
+	@echo "Compiling with MinGW cross-compiler..."
+	@x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ -std=c++20 -Wall -O2 -DWINDOWS_BUILD -DRELEASE_BUILD \
+		-static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc -Wl,-subsystem,windows \
+		-Isource -Ibuild \
+		$$(find source/core source/game -name "*.cpp") source/main.cpp \
+		release/$(TARGET_NAME).res \
+		-lmingw32 -lSDL3 -o "$(RELEASE_FILE).exe" || echo "Error: Compilation failed"
+	@x86_64-w64-mingw32-strip "$(RELEASE_FILE).exe" || true
+
+	# Package
+	@cd "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)" && zip -r ../$(WINDOWS_RELEASE) *
+	@echo "✓ Windows cross-compiled release created: $(WINDOWS_RELEASE)"
+
+	# Cleanup
+	@$(RMDIR) "$(RELEASE_FOLDER)"
 
 # Clean build artifacts
 clean:
 ifeq ($(OS),Windows_NT)
-	@if exist $(call FixPath,$(TARGET_FILE).exe) $(RM) $(call FixPath,$(TARGET_FILE).exe)
-	@if exist $(call FixPath,$(TARGET_FILE)_debug.exe) $(RM) $(call FixPath,$(TARGET_FILE)_debug.exe)
+	@if exist $(call FixPath,$(TARGET_FILE).exe) $(RMFILE) $(call FixPath,$(TARGET_FILE).exe)
+	@if exist $(call FixPath,$(TARGET_FILE)_debug.exe) $(RMFILE) $(call FixPath,$(TARGET_FILE)_debug.exe)
 	@if exist build $(RMDIR) build
 	@if exist $(RELEASE_FOLDER) $(RMDIR) $(RELEASE_FOLDER)
 else
-	@$(RMFILE) $(TARGET_FILE)
-	@$(RMFILE) $(TARGET_FILE)_debug
-	@$(RMDIR) build
-	@$(RMDIR) $(RELEASE_FOLDER)
+	@$(RMFILE) $(TARGET_FILE) $(TARGET_FILE)_debug
+	@$(RMDIR) build $(RELEASE_FOLDER)
+	@$(RMFILE) *.dmg *.zip *.tar.gz 2>/dev/null || true
+	@$(RMFILE) resources.pack 2>/dev/null || true
+	@make -C tools/pack_resources clean 2>/dev/null || true
 endif
-	@echo Clean complete
+	@echo "Clean complete"
 
 # Backup to remote server
 backup:
-	@echo "Backing up project to maverick:/home/sergio/git-backup/asteroids..."
+	@echo "Backing up project to maverick:/home/sergio/git-backup/orni..."
 	rsync -a --delete \
 		--exclude='build/' \
 		--exclude='*.o' \
@@ -185,20 +350,31 @@ backup:
 		--exclude='orni' \
 		--exclude='orni_debug' \
 		--exclude='*_release/' \
-		$(DIR_ROOT) maverick:/home/sergio/git-backup/asteroids/
+		$(DIR_ROOT) maverick:/home/sergio/git-backup/orni/
 	@echo "Backup completed successfully"
 
 # Help target
 help:
 	@echo "Available targets:"
-	@echo "  all           - Build the game (default)"
-	@echo "  debug         - Build with debug symbols"
-	@echo "  clean         - Remove build artifacts"
-	@echo "  backup        - Backup project to remote server"
-	@echo "  help          - Show this help message"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Build:"
+	@echo "  all               - Build the game (default, delegates to CMake)"
+	@echo "  debug             - Build with debug symbols"
+	@echo "  clean             - Remove build artifacts and release packages"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Release Packaging:"
+	@echo "  macos_release     - Create macOS .app bundle + .dmg (Apple Silicon)"
+	@echo "  linux_release     - Create Linux .tar.gz"
+	@echo "  windows_release   - Create Windows .zip (requires MinGW on Windows)"
+	@echo "  windows_cross     - Cross-compile Windows from Linux/macOS (requires MinGW)"
+	@echo "  rpi_release       - Cross-compile for Raspberry Pi ARM64"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Other:"
+	@echo "  backup            - Backup project to remote server"
+	@echo "  help              - Show this help message"
 	@echo ""
 	@echo "Current configuration:"
+	@echo "  Project:      $(LONG_NAME)"
 	@echo "  Target:       $(TARGET_NAME)"
 	@echo "  Version:      $(VERSION)"
 	@echo "  Platform:     $(UNAME_S)"
-	@echo "  C++ Standard: $(CPP_STANDARD)"

data/shapes/bullet.shp

@@ -6,14 +6,18 @@ name: bullet
 scale: 1.0
 center: 0, 0
 
-# Pentàgon petit radi=5 (1/4 del enemic)
-# Pentàgon regular amb 72° entre punts
+# Cercle (octàgon regular radi=3)
+# 8 punts equidistants (45° entre ells) per aproximar un cercle
+# Començant a angle=-90° (amunt), rotant sentit horari
 #
-# Conversió polar→cartesià (radi=5, SDL: Y creix cap avall):
-#   angle=-90°: (0.00, -5.00)
-#   angle=-18°: (4.76, -1.55)
-#   angle=54°:  (2.94, 4.05)
-#   angle=126°: (-2.94, 4.05)
-#   angle=198°: (-4.76, -1.55)
+# Conversió polar→cartesià (radi=3, SDL: Y creix cap avall):
+#   angle=-90°:  (0.00, -3.00)
+#   angle=-45°:  (2.12, -2.12)
+#   angle=0°:    (3.00, 0.00)
+#   angle=45°:   (2.12, 2.12)
+#   angle=90°:   (0.00, 3.00)
+#   angle=135°:  (-2.12, 2.12)
+#   angle=180°:  (-3.00, 0.00)
+#   angle=225°:  (-2.12, -2.12)
 
-polyline: 0,-5  4.76,-1.55  2.94,4.05  -2.94,4.05  -4.76,-1.55  0,-5
+polyline: 0,-3  2.12,-2.12  3,0  2.12,2.12  0,3  -2.12,2.12  -3,0  -2.12,-2.12  0,-3

data/shapes/enemy_pinwheel.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# enemy_pinwheel.shp - ORNI enemic (molinillo de 4 triangles)
+# © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+name: enemy_pinwheel
+scale: 1.0
+center: 0, 0
+
+# Molinillo: 4 triangles, un en cada quadrant
+# Cada triangle comparteix el centre (0,0) i té:
+#   - Un vèrtex en un eix (±20, 0) o (0, ±20)
+#   - Un vèrtex en la diagonal del quadrant (±14.14, ±14.14)
+#   - El tercer vèrtex al centre (0,0)
+#
+# Geometria:
+#   Triangle 1 (quadrant superior-dret): centre → eix dret → diagonal
+#   Triangle 2 (quadrant superior-esq):  centre → eix superior → diagonal
+#   Triangle 3 (quadrant inferior-esq):  centre → eix esquerre → diagonal
+#   Triangle 4 (quadrant inferior-dret): centre → eix inferior → diagonal
+
+# Triangle 1: quadrant superior-dret
+polyline: 0,0  20,0  14.14,-14.14  0,0
+
+# Triangle 2: quadrant superior-esquerre
+polyline: 0,0  0,-20  -14.14,-14.14  0,0
+
+# Triangle 3: quadrant inferior-esquerre
+polyline: 0,0  -20,0  -14.14,14.14  0,0
+
+# Triangle 4: quadrant inferior-dret
+polyline: 0,0  0,20  14.14,14.14  0,0

data/shapes/enemy_square.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# enemy_square.shp - ORNI enemic (quadrat regular)
+# © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+name: enemy_square
+scale: 1.0
+center: 0, 0
+
+# Quadrat regular radi=20 (circumscrit)
+# 4 punts equidistants al voltant d'un cercle (90° entre ells)
+# Començant a angle=-90° (amunt), rotant sentit horari
+#
+# Angles: -90°, 0°, 90°, 180°
+# Conversió polar→cartesià (SDL: Y creix cap avall):
+#   angle=-90°: (0.00, -20.00)
+#   angle=0°:   (20.00, 0.00)
+#   angle=90°:  (0.00, 20.00)
+#   angle=180°: (-20.00, 0.00)
+
+polyline: 0,-20  20,0  0,20  -20,0  0,-20

data/shapes/font/char_3.shp

@@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ scale: 1.0
 center: 10, 20
 
 # Trazo continuo (barra superior + lateral derecho + barra media + lateral derecho + barra inferior)
-polyline: 2,10  18,10  18,20  14,20
-polyline: 14,20  18,20  18,30  2,30
+polyline: 2,10  18,10  18,20  8,20
+polyline: 8,20  18,20  18,30  2,30

data/shapes/ship.shp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# ship.shp - Nau del jugador (triangle)
+# ship.shp - Nau del jugador 1 (triangle amb base còncava - punta de fletxa)
 # © 1999 Visente i Sergi (versió Pascal)
 # © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
 
@@ -6,15 +6,19 @@ name: ship
 scale: 1.0
 center: 0, 0
 
-# Triangle: punta amunt, base avall
+# Triangle amb base còncava tipus "punta de fletxa"
 # Punts originals (polar):
 #   p1: r=12, angle=270° (3π/2) → punta amunt
 #   p2: r=12, angle=45° (π/4) → base dreta-darrere
 #   p3: r=12, angle=135° (3π/4) → base esquerra-darrere
 #
+# MODIFICACIÓ: afegit p4 al mig de la base, desplaçat cap al centre
+#   p4: (0, 4) → punt central de la base, cap endins
+#
 # Conversió polar→cartesià (angle-90° perquè origen visual és amunt):
-#   p1: (0, -12)
-#   p2: (8.49, 8.49)
-#   p3: (-8.49, 8.49)
+#   p1: (0, -12) → punta
+#   p2: (8.49, 8.49) → base dreta
+#   p4: (0, 4) → base centre (cap endins)
+#   p3: (-8.49, 8.49) → base esquerra
 
-polyline: 0,-12  8.49,8.49  -8.49,8.49  0,-12
+polyline: 0,-12  8.49,8.49  0,4  -8.49,8.49  0,-12

data/shapes/ship2.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# ship2.shp - Nau del jugador 2 (triangle amb circulito central)
+# © 1999 Visente i Sergi (versió Pascal)
+# © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+name: ship2
+scale: 1.0
+center: 0, 0
+
+# Triangle amb base còncava tipus "punta de fletxa"
+# (Mateix que ship.shp)
+# Punts originals (polar):
+#   p1: r=12, angle=270° (3π/2) → punta amunt
+#   p2: r=12, angle=45° (π/4) → base dreta-darrere
+#   p3: r=12, angle=135° (3π/4) → base esquerra-darrere
+#
+# MODIFICACIÓ: afegit p4 al mig de la base, desplaçat cap al centre
+#   p4: (0, 4) → punt central de la base, cap endins
+#
+# Conversió polar→cartesià (angle-90° perquè origen visual és amunt):
+#   p1: (0, -12) → punta
+#   p2: (8.49, 8.49) → base dreta
+#   p4: (0, 4) → base centre (cap endins)
+#   p3: (-8.49, 8.49) → base esquerra
+
+#polyline: 0,-12  8.49,8.49  0,4  -8.49,8.49  0,-12
+polyline: 0,-12  8.49,8.49  -8.49,8.49  0,-12
+
+# Circulito central (octàgon r=2.5)
+# Distintiu visual del jugador 2
+polyline: 0,-2.5  1.77,-1.77  2.5,0  1.77,1.77  0,2.5  -1.77,1.77  -2.5,0  -1.77,-1.77  0,-2.5

data/shapes/ship2_perspective.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# ship2_perspective.shp - Nave P2 con perspectiva pre-calculada
+# Posición optimizada: "4 del reloj" (Abajo-Derecha)
+# Dirección: Volando hacia el fondo (centro pantalla)
+
+name: ship2_perspective
+scale: 1.0
+center: 0, 0
+
+# TRANSFORMACIÓN APLICADA:
+# 1. Rotación -45° (apuntando al centro desde abajo-dcha)
+# 2. Proyección de perspectiva:
+#    - Punta (p1): Reducida al 60% (simula lejanía)
+#    - Base (p2, p3): Aumentada al 110% (simula cercanía)
+# 3. Flip horizontal (simétrica a ship_starfield.shp)
+#
+# Nuevos Punts (aprox):
+#    p1 (Punta):    (-4, -4)  -> Lejos, pequeña y apuntando arriba-izq
+#    p2 (Ala Izq):  (-3, 11)  -> Cerca, lado interior
+#    p4 (Base Cnt): (3, 5)    -> Centro base
+#    p3 (Ala Dcha): (11, 2)   -> Cerca, lado exterior (más grande)
+
+#polyline: -4,-4  -3,11  3,5  11,2  -4,-4
+polyline: -4,-4  -3,11  11,2  -4,-4
+
+# Circulito central (octàgon r=2.5)
+# Distintiu visual del jugador 2
+# Sin perspectiva (está en el centro de la nave)
+polyline: 0,-2.5  1.77,-1.77  2.5,0  1.77,1.77  0,2.5  -1.77,1.77  -2.5,0  -1.77,-1.77  0,-2.5

data/shapes/ship3.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# ship2.shp - Nau del jugador 2 (interceptor amb ales)
+# © 2025 Orni Attack - Jugador 2
+
+name: ship2
+scale: 1.0
+center: 0, 0
+
+# Interceptor amb ales laterals
+# Disseny més ample i agressiu que P1
+#
+# Geometria:
+#   - Punta més curta i ampla
+#   - Ales laterals pronunciades
+#   - Base més ampla per estabilitat visual
+#
+# Punts (cartesianes, Y negatiu = amunt):
+#   p1: (0, -10) → punta (més curta que P1)
+#   p2: (4, -6) → transició ala dreta
+#   p3: (10, 2) → punta ala dreta (més ampla)
+#   p4: (6, 8) → base ala dreta
+#   p5: (0, 6) → base centre (menys còncava)
+#   p6: (-6, 8) → base ala esquerra
+#   p7: (-10, 2) → punta ala esquerra
+#   p8: (-4, -6) → transició ala esquerra
+#   p1: (0, -10) → tanca
+
+polyline: 0,-10  4,-6  10,2  6,8  0,6  -6,8  -10,2  -4,-6  0,-10

data/shapes/ship_perspective.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# ship_perspective.shp - Nave con perspectiva pre-calculada
+# Posición optimizada: "8 del reloj" (Abajo-Izquierda)
+# Dirección: Volando hacia el fondo (centro pantalla)
+
+name: ship_perspective
+scale: 1.0
+center: 0, 0
+
+# TRANSFORMACIÓN APLICADA:
+# 1. Rotación +45° (apuntando al centro desde abajo-izq)
+# 2. Proyección de perspectiva:
+#    - Punta (p1): Reducida al 60% (simula lejanía)
+#    - Base (p2, p3): Aumentada al 110% (simula cercanía)
+#
+# Nuevos Puntos (aprox):
+#    p1 (Punta):    (4, -4)   -> Lejos, pequeña y apuntando arriba-dcha
+#    p2 (Ala Dcha): (3, 11)   -> Cerca, lado interior
+#    p4 (Base Cnt): (-3, 5)   -> Centro base
+#    p3 (Ala Izq):  (-11, 2)  -> Cerca, lado exterior (más grande)
+
+polyline: 4,-4  3,11  -3,5  -11,2  4,-4

data/shapes/title/letra_a.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# letra_a.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 137.50 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_a
+scale: 1.0
+center: 68.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 0.00,100.00  0.00,75.00  37.50,0.00  100.00,0.00  137.50,75.00  137.50,100.00  100.00,100.00  100.00,87.50  37.50,87.50  37.50,100.00  0.00,100.00
+polyline: 62.50,25.00  50.00,50.00  50.00,62.50  87.50,62.50  87.50,50.00  75.00,25.00  62.50,25.00

data/shapes/title/letra_c.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# letra_c.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 137.50 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_c
+scale: 1.0
+center: 68.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 12.50,100.00  0.00,87.50  0.00,12.50  12.50,0.00  125.00,0.00  137.50,12.50  137.50,37.50  100.00,37.50  100.00,25.00  37.50,25.00  37.50,75.00  100.00,75.00  100.00,62.50  137.50,62.50  137.50,87.50  125.00,100.00  12.50,100.00

data/shapes/title/letra_exclamacion.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# letra_exclamacion.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 37.51 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_exclamacion
+scale: 1.0
+center: 18.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 0.00,62.50  0.00,0.00  37.51,0.00  37.51,62.50  0.00,62.50
+polyline: 0.00,100.00  0.00,75.00  37.51,75.00  37.51,100.00  0.00,100.00

data/shapes/title/letra_i.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# letra_i.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 37.50 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_i
+scale: 1.0
+center: 18.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 0.00,0.00  37.50,0.00  37.50,100.00  0.00,100.00  0.00,0.00

data/shapes/title/letra_k.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# letra_k.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 137.50 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_k
+scale: 1.0
+center: 68.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 0.00,100.00  0.00,0.00  37.50,0.00  37.50,37.50  50.00,37.50  100.00,0.00  137.50,0.00  137.50,25.00  87.06,50.00  137.50,75.00  137.50,100.00  100.00,100.00  50.00,62.50  37.50,62.50  37.50,100.00  0.00,100.00

data/shapes/title/letra_n.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# letra_n.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 137.50 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_n
+scale: 1.0
+center: 68.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 0.00,100.00  0.00,0.00  50.00,0.00  100.00,50.00  100.00,0.00  137.50,0.00  137.50,100.00  87.50,100.00  37.50,50.00  37.50,100.00  0.00,100.00

data/shapes/title/letra_o.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# letra_o.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 137.50 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_o
+scale: 1.0
+center: 68.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 12.50,100.00  0.00,87.50  0.00,12.50  12.50,0.00  125.00,0.00  137.50,12.50  137.50,87.50  125.00,100.00  12.50,100.00
+polyline: 100.00,25.00  37.50,25.00  37.50,75.00  100.00,75.00  100.00,25.00

data/shapes/title/letra_r.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# letra_r.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 137.50 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_r
+scale: 1.0
+center: 68.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 0.00,100.00  0.00,0.00  125.00,0.00  137.50,12.50  137.50,62.50  125.00,62.50  137.50,75.00  137.50,100.00  100.00,100.00  100.00,75.00  37.50,75.00  37.50,100.00  0.00,100.00
+polyline: 37.50,50.00  100.00,50.00  100.00,25.00  37.50,25.00  37.50,50.00

data/shapes/title/letra_t.shp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# letra_t.shp
+# Generado automáticamente desde jailgames.svg
+# Dimensiones: 137.50 x 100.00 px
+
+name: letra_t
+scale: 1.0
+center: 68.75, 50.00
+
+polyline: 0.00,25.00  0.00,0.00  137.50,0.00  137.50,25.00  87.50,25.00  87.50,100.00  50.00,100.00  50.00,25.00  0.00,25.00

data/stages/stages.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+# stages.yaml - Configuració de les 10 etapes d'Orni Attack
+# © 2025 Orni Attack
+
+metadata:
+  version: "1.0"
+  total_stages: 10
+  description: "Progressive difficulty curve from novice to expert"
+
+stages:
+  # STAGE 1: Tutorial - Only pentagons, slow speed
+  - stage_id: 1
+    total_enemies: 5
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 2.0
+      spawn_interval: 3.0
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 100
+      quadrat: 0
+      molinillo: 0
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 0.7
+      rotation_multiplier: 0.8
+      tracking_strength: 0.0
+
+  # STAGE 2: Introduction to tracking enemies
+  - stage_id: 2
+    total_enemies: 7
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 1.5
+      spawn_interval: 2.5
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 70
+      quadrat: 30
+      molinillo: 0
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 0.85
+      rotation_multiplier: 0.9
+      tracking_strength: 0.3
+
+  # STAGE 3: All enemy types, normal speed
+  - stage_id: 3
+    total_enemies: 10
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 1.0
+      spawn_interval: 2.0
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 50
+      quadrat: 30
+      molinillo: 20
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 1.0
+      rotation_multiplier: 1.0
+      tracking_strength: 0.5
+
+  # STAGE 4: Increased count, faster enemies
+  - stage_id: 4
+    total_enemies: 12
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 0.8
+      spawn_interval: 1.8
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 40
+      quadrat: 35
+      molinillo: 25
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 1.1
+      rotation_multiplier: 1.15
+      tracking_strength: 0.6
+
+  # STAGE 5: Maximum count reached
+  - stage_id: 5
+    total_enemies: 15
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 0.5
+      spawn_interval: 1.5
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 35
+      quadrat: 35
+      molinillo: 30
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 1.2
+      rotation_multiplier: 1.25
+      tracking_strength: 0.7
+
+  # STAGE 6: Molinillo becomes dominant
+  - stage_id: 6
+    total_enemies: 15
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 0.3
+      spawn_interval: 1.3
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 30
+      quadrat: 30
+      molinillo: 40
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 1.3
+      rotation_multiplier: 1.4
+      tracking_strength: 0.8
+
+  # STAGE 7: High intensity, fast spawns
+  - stage_id: 7
+    total_enemies: 15
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 0.2
+      spawn_interval: 1.0
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 25
+      quadrat: 30
+      molinillo: 45
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 1.4
+      rotation_multiplier: 1.5
+      tracking_strength: 0.9
+
+  # STAGE 8: Expert level, 50% molinillos
+  - stage_id: 8
+    total_enemies: 15
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 0.1
+      spawn_interval: 0.8
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 20
+      quadrat: 30
+      molinillo: 50
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 1.5
+      rotation_multiplier: 1.6
+      tracking_strength: 1.0
+
+  # STAGE 9: Near-maximum difficulty
+  - stage_id: 9
+    total_enemies: 15
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 0.0
+      spawn_interval: 0.6
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 15
+      quadrat: 25
+      molinillo: 60
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 1.6
+      rotation_multiplier: 1.7
+      tracking_strength: 1.1
+
+  # STAGE 10: Final challenge, 70% molinillos
+  - stage_id: 10
+    total_enemies: 15
+    spawn_config:
+      mode: "progressive"
+      initial_delay: 0.0
+      spawn_interval: 0.5
+    enemy_distribution:
+      pentagon: 10
+      quadrat: 20
+      molinillo: 70
+    difficulty_multipliers:
+      speed_multiplier: 1.8
+      rotation_multiplier: 2.0
+      tracking_strength: 1.2

jailgames.svg

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source/core/audio/.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Deshabilitar clang-tidy para este directorio (código externo: jail_audio.hpp)
+# Los demás archivos de este directorio (audio.cpp, audio_cache.cpp) también se benefician
+# de no ser modificados porque dependen íntimamente de la API de jail_audio.hpp
+
+Checks: '-*'

source/core/audio/audio.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+#include "audio.hpp"
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>  // Para SDL_LogInfo, SDL_LogCategory, SDL_G...
+
+#include <algorithm>  // Para clamp
+#include <iostream>   // Para std::cout
+
+// Implementación de stb_vorbis (debe estar ANTES de incluir jail_audio.hpp)
+// clang-format off
+#undef STB_VORBIS_HEADER_ONLY
+#include "external/stb_vorbis.h"
+// clang-format on
+
+#include "core/audio/audio_cache.hpp"  // Para AudioCache
+#include "core/audio/jail_audio.hpp"   // Para JA_FadeOutMusic, JA_Init, JA_PauseM...
+#include "game/options.hpp"            // Para AudioOptions, audio, MusicOptions
+
+// Singleton
+Audio* Audio::instance = nullptr;
+
+// Inicializa la instancia única del singleton
+void Audio::init() { Audio::instance = new Audio(); }
+
+// Libera la instancia
+void Audio::destroy() { delete Audio::instance; }
+
+// Obtiene la instancia
+auto Audio::get() -> Audio* { return Audio::instance; }
+
+// Constructor
+Audio::Audio() { initSDLAudio(); }
+
+// Destructor
+Audio::~Audio() {
+    JA_Quit();
+}
+
+// Método principal
+void Audio::update() {
+    JA_Update();
+}
+
+// Reproduce la música
+void Audio::playMusic(const std::string& name, const int loop) {
+    bool new_loop = (loop != 0);
+
+    // Si ya está sonando exactamente la misma pista y mismo modo loop, no hacemos nada
+    if (music_.state == MusicState::PLAYING && music_.name == name && music_.loop == new_loop) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Intentar obtener recurso; si falla, no tocar estado
+    auto* resource = AudioCache::getMusic(name);
+    if (resource == nullptr) {
+        // manejo de error opcional
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Si hay algo reproduciéndose, detenerlo primero (si el backend lo requiere)
+    if (music_.state == MusicState::PLAYING) {
+        JA_StopMusic();  // sustituir por la función de stop real del API si tiene otro nombre
+    }
+
+    // Llamada al motor para reproducir la nueva pista
+    JA_PlayMusic(resource, loop);
+
+    // Actualizar estado y metadatos después de iniciar con éxito
+    music_.name = name;
+    music_.loop = new_loop;
+    music_.state = MusicState::PLAYING;
+}
+
+// Pausa la música
+void Audio::pauseMusic() {
+    if (music_enabled_ && music_.state == MusicState::PLAYING) {
+        JA_PauseMusic();
+        music_.state = MusicState::PAUSED;
+    }
+}
+
+// Continua la música pausada
+void Audio::resumeMusic() {
+    if (music_enabled_ && music_.state == MusicState::PAUSED) {
+        JA_ResumeMusic();
+        music_.state = MusicState::PLAYING;
+    }
+}
+
+// Detiene la música
+void Audio::stopMusic() {
+    if (music_enabled_) {
+        JA_StopMusic();
+        music_.state = MusicState::STOPPED;
+    }
+}
+
+// Reproduce un sonido por nombre
+void Audio::playSound(const std::string& name, Group group) const {
+    if (sound_enabled_) {
+        JA_PlaySound(AudioCache::getSound(name), 0, static_cast<int>(group));
+    }
+}
+
+// Reproduce un sonido por puntero directo
+void Audio::playSound(JA_Sound_t* sound, Group group) const {
+    if (sound_enabled_) {
+        JA_PlaySound(sound, 0, static_cast<int>(group));
+    }
+}
+
+// Detiene todos los sonidos
+void Audio::stopAllSounds() const {
+    if (sound_enabled_) {
+        JA_StopChannel(-1);
+    }
+}
+
+// Realiza un fundido de salida de la música
+void Audio::fadeOutMusic(int milliseconds) const {
+    if (music_enabled_ && getRealMusicState() == MusicState::PLAYING) {
+        JA_FadeOutMusic(milliseconds);
+    }
+}
+
+// Consulta directamente el estado real de la música en jailaudio
+auto Audio::getRealMusicState() -> MusicState {
+    JA_Music_state ja_state = JA_GetMusicState();
+    switch (ja_state) {
+        case JA_MUSIC_PLAYING:
+            return MusicState::PLAYING;
+        case JA_MUSIC_PAUSED:
+            return MusicState::PAUSED;
+        case JA_MUSIC_STOPPED:
+        case JA_MUSIC_INVALID:
+        case JA_MUSIC_DISABLED:
+        default:
+            return MusicState::STOPPED;
+    }
+}
+
+// Establece el volumen de los sonidos
+void Audio::setSoundVolume(float sound_volume, Group group) const {
+    if (sound_enabled_) {
+        sound_volume = std::clamp(sound_volume, MIN_VOLUME, MAX_VOLUME);
+        const float CONVERTED_VOLUME = sound_volume * Options::audio.volume;
+        JA_SetSoundVolume(CONVERTED_VOLUME, static_cast<int>(group));
+    }
+}
+
+// Establece el volumen de la música
+void Audio::setMusicVolume(float music_volume) const {
+    if (music_enabled_) {
+        music_volume = std::clamp(music_volume, MIN_VOLUME, MAX_VOLUME);
+        const float CONVERTED_VOLUME = music_volume * Options::audio.volume;
+        JA_SetMusicVolume(CONVERTED_VOLUME);
+    }
+}
+
+// Aplica la configuración
+void Audio::applySettings() {
+    enable(Options::audio.enabled);
+}
+
+// Establecer estado general
+void Audio::enable(bool value) {
+    enabled_ = value;
+
+    setSoundVolume(enabled_ ? Options::audio.sound.volume : MIN_VOLUME);
+    setMusicVolume(enabled_ ? Options::audio.music.volume : MIN_VOLUME);
+}
+
+// Inicializa SDL Audio
+void Audio::initSDLAudio() {
+    if (!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+        SDL_LogError(SDL_LOG_CATEGORY_APPLICATION, "SDL_AUDIO could not initialize! SDL Error: %s", SDL_GetError());
+    } else {
+        JA_Init(FREQUENCY, SDL_AUDIO_S16LE, 2);
+        enable(Options::audio.enabled);
+
+        std::cout << "\n** AUDIO SYSTEM **\n";
+        std::cout << "Audio system initialized successfully\n";
+    }
+}

source/core/audio/audio.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>   // Para string
+#include <utility>  // Para move
+
+// --- Clase Audio: gestor de audio (singleton) ---
+class Audio {
+    public:
+        // --- Enums ---
+        enum class Group : int {
+            ALL = -1,      // Todos los grupos
+            GAME = 0,      // Sonidos del juego
+            INTERFACE = 1  // Sonidos de la interfaz
+        };
+
+        enum class MusicState {
+            PLAYING,  // Reproduciendo música
+            PAUSED,   // Música pausada
+            STOPPED,  // Música detenida
+        };
+
+        // --- Constantes ---
+        static constexpr float MAX_VOLUME = 1.0F;  // Volumen máximo
+        static constexpr float MIN_VOLUME = 0.0F;  // Volumen mínimo
+        static constexpr int FREQUENCY = 48000;    // Frecuencia de audio
+
+        // --- Singleton ---
+        static void init();                               // Inicializa el objeto Audio
+        static void destroy();                            // Libera el objeto Audio
+        static auto get() -> Audio*;                      // Obtiene el puntero al objeto Audio
+        Audio(const Audio&) = delete;                     // Evitar copia
+        auto operator=(const Audio&) -> Audio& = delete;  // Evitar asignación
+
+        static void update();  // Actualización del sistema de audio
+
+        // --- Control de música ---
+        void playMusic(const std::string& name, int loop = -1);  // Reproducir música en bucle
+        void pauseMusic();                                       // Pausar reproducción de música
+        void resumeMusic();                                      // Continua la música pausada
+        void stopMusic();                                        // Detener completamente la música
+        void fadeOutMusic(int milliseconds) const;               // Fundido de salida de la música
+
+        // --- Control de sonidos ---
+        void playSound(const std::string& name, Group group = Group::GAME) const;   // Reproducir sonido puntual por nombre
+        void playSound(struct JA_Sound_t* sound, Group group = Group::GAME) const;  // Reproducir sonido puntual por puntero
+        void stopAllSounds() const;                                                 // Detener todos los sonidos
+
+        // --- Control de volumen ---
+        void setSoundVolume(float volume, Group group = Group::ALL) const;  // Ajustar volumen de efectos
+        void setMusicVolume(float volume) const;                            // Ajustar volumen de música
+
+        // --- Configuración general ---
+        void enable(bool value);                        // Establecer estado general
+        void toggleEnabled() { enabled_ = !enabled_; }  // Alternar estado general
+        void applySettings();                           // Aplica la configuración
+
+        // --- Configuración de sonidos ---
+        void enableSound() { sound_enabled_ = true; }             // Habilitar sonidos
+        void disableSound() { sound_enabled_ = false; }           // Deshabilitar sonidos
+        void enableSound(bool value) { sound_enabled_ = value; }  // Establecer estado de sonidos
+        void toggleSound() { sound_enabled_ = !sound_enabled_; }  // Alternar estado de sonidos
+
+        // --- Configuración de música ---
+        void enableMusic() { music_enabled_ = true; }             // Habilitar música
+        void disableMusic() { music_enabled_ = false; }           // Deshabilitar música
+        void enableMusic(bool value) { music_enabled_ = value; }  // Establecer estado de música
+        void toggleMusic() { music_enabled_ = !music_enabled_; }  // Alternar estado de música
+
+        // --- Consultas de estado ---
+        [[nodiscard]] auto isEnabled() const -> bool { return enabled_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto isSoundEnabled() const -> bool { return sound_enabled_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto isMusicEnabled() const -> bool { return music_enabled_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] auto getMusicState() const -> MusicState { return music_.state; }
+        [[nodiscard]] static auto getRealMusicState() -> MusicState;
+        [[nodiscard]] auto getCurrentMusicName() const -> const std::string& { return music_.name; }
+
+    private:
+        // --- Tipos anidados ---
+        struct Music {
+                MusicState state{MusicState::STOPPED};  // Estado actual de la música
+                std::string name;                       // Última pista de música reproducida
+                bool loop{false};                       // Indica si se reproduce en bucle
+        };
+
+        // --- Métodos ---
+        Audio();              // Constructor privado
+        ~Audio();             // Destructor privado
+        void initSDLAudio();  // Inicializa SDL Audio
+
+        // --- Variables miembro ---
+        static Audio* instance;  // Instancia única de Audio
+
+        Music music_;               // Estado de la música
+        bool enabled_{true};        // Estado general del audio
+        bool sound_enabled_{true};  // Estado de los efectos de sonido
+        bool music_enabled_{true};  // Estado de la música
+};

source/core/audio/audio_cache.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+// audio_cache.cpp - Implementació del caché de sons i música
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "core/audio/audio_cache.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "core/resources/resource_helper.hpp"
+
+// Inicialització de variables estàtiques
+std::unordered_map<std::string, JA_Sound_t*> AudioCache::sounds_;
+std::unordered_map<std::string, JA_Music_t*> AudioCache::musics_;
+std::string AudioCache::sounds_base_path_ = "data/sounds/";
+std::string AudioCache::music_base_path_ = "data/music/";
+
+JA_Sound_t* AudioCache::getSound(const std::string& name) {
+    // Cache hit
+    auto it = sounds_.find(name);
+    if (it != sounds_.end()) {
+        std::cout << "[AudioCache] Sound cache hit: " << name << std::endl;
+        return it->second;
+    }
+
+    // Normalize path: "laser_shoot.wav" → "sounds/laser_shoot.wav"
+    std::string normalized = name;
+    if (normalized.find("sounds/") != 0) {
+        normalized = "sounds/" + normalized;
+    }
+
+    // Load from resource system
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data = Resource::Helper::loadFile(normalized);
+    if (data.empty()) {
+        std::cerr << "[AudioCache] Error: no s'ha pogut carregar " << normalized << std::endl;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Load sound from memory
+    JA_Sound_t* sound = JA_LoadSound(data.data(), static_cast<uint32_t>(data.size()));
+    if (sound == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "[AudioCache] Error: no s'ha pogut decodificar " << normalized
+                  << std::endl;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[AudioCache] Sound loaded: " << normalized << std::endl;
+    sounds_[name] = sound;
+    return sound;
+}
+
+JA_Music_t* AudioCache::getMusic(const std::string& name) {
+    // Cache hit
+    auto it = musics_.find(name);
+    if (it != musics_.end()) {
+        std::cout << "[AudioCache] Music cache hit: " << name << std::endl;
+        return it->second;
+    }
+
+    // Normalize path: "title.ogg" → "music/title.ogg"
+    std::string normalized = name;
+    if (normalized.find("music/") != 0) {
+        normalized = "music/" + normalized;
+    }
+
+    // Load from resource system
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data = Resource::Helper::loadFile(normalized);
+    if (data.empty()) {
+        std::cerr << "[AudioCache] Error: no s'ha pogut carregar " << normalized << std::endl;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Load music from memory
+    JA_Music_t* music = JA_LoadMusic(data.data(), static_cast<uint32_t>(data.size()));
+    if (music == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "[AudioCache] Error: no s'ha pogut decodificar " << normalized
+                  << std::endl;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[AudioCache] Music loaded: " << normalized << std::endl;
+    musics_[name] = music;
+    return music;
+}
+
+void AudioCache::clear() {
+    std::cout << "[AudioCache] Clearing cache (" << sounds_.size() << " sounds, "
+              << musics_.size() << " music)" << std::endl;
+
+    // Liberar memoria de sonidos
+    for (auto& [name, sound] : sounds_) {
+        if (sound && sound->buffer) {
+            SDL_free(sound->buffer);
+        }
+        delete sound;
+    }
+    sounds_.clear();
+
+    // Liberar memoria de música
+    for (auto& [name, music] : musics_) {
+        if (music && music->buffer) {
+            SDL_free(music->buffer);
+        }
+        if (music && music->filename) {
+            free(music->filename);
+        }
+        delete music;
+    }
+    musics_.clear();
+}
+
+size_t AudioCache::getSoundCacheSize() { return sounds_.size(); }
+
+size_t AudioCache::getMusicCacheSize() { return musics_.size(); }
+
+std::string AudioCache::resolveSoundPath(const std::string& name) {
+    // Si es un path absoluto (comienza con '/'), usarlo directamente
+    if (!name.empty() && name[0] == '/') {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    // Si ya contiene el prefix base_path, usarlo directamente
+    if (name.find(sounds_base_path_) == 0) {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    // Caso contrario, añadir base_path
+    return sounds_base_path_ + name;
+}
+
+std::string AudioCache::resolveMusicPath(const std::string& name) {
+    // Si es un path absoluto (comienza con '/'), usarlo directamente
+    if (!name.empty() && name[0] == '/') {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    // Si ya contiene el prefix base_path, usarlo directamente
+    if (name.find(music_base_path_) == 0) {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    // Caso contrario, añadir base_path
+    return music_base_path_ + name;
+}

source/core/audio/audio_cache.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// audio_cache.hpp - Caché simplificado de sonidos y música
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include "core/audio/jail_audio.hpp"
+
+// Caché estático de sonidos y música
+// Patrón inspirado en Graphics::ShapeLoader
+class AudioCache {
+    public:
+        // No instanciable (todo estático)
+        AudioCache() = delete;
+
+        // Obtener sonido (carga bajo demanda)
+        // Retorna puntero (nullptr si error)
+        static JA_Sound_t* getSound(const std::string& name);
+
+        // Obtener música (carga bajo demanda)
+        // Retorna puntero (nullptr si error)
+        static JA_Music_t* getMusic(const std::string& name);
+
+        // Limpiar caché (útil para debug/recarga)
+        static void clear();
+
+        // Estadísticas (debug)
+        static size_t getSoundCacheSize();
+        static size_t getMusicCacheSize();
+
+    private:
+        static std::unordered_map<std::string, JA_Sound_t*> sounds_;
+        static std::unordered_map<std::string, JA_Music_t*> musics_;
+        static std::string sounds_base_path_;  // "data/sounds/"
+        static std::string music_base_path_;   // "data/music/"
+
+        // Helpers privados
+        static std::string resolveSoundPath(const std::string& name);
+        static std::string resolveMusicPath(const std::string& name);
+};

source/core/audio/jail_audio.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// --- Includes ---
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+#include <stdint.h>  // Para uint32_t, uint8_t
+#include <stdio.h>   // Para NULL, fseek, printf, fclose, fopen, fread, ftell, FILE, SEEK_END, SEEK_SET
+#include <stdlib.h>  // Para free, malloc
+#include <string.h>  // Para strcpy, strlen
+
+#define STB_VORBIS_HEADER_ONLY
+#include "external/stb_vorbis.h"  // Para stb_vorbis_decode_memory
+
+// --- Public Enums ---
+enum JA_Channel_state { JA_CHANNEL_INVALID,
+    JA_CHANNEL_FREE,
+    JA_CHANNEL_PLAYING,
+    JA_CHANNEL_PAUSED,
+    JA_SOUND_DISABLED };
+enum JA_Music_state { JA_MUSIC_INVALID,
+    JA_MUSIC_PLAYING,
+    JA_MUSIC_PAUSED,
+    JA_MUSIC_STOPPED,
+    JA_MUSIC_DISABLED };
+
+// --- Struct Definitions ---
+#define JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS 20
+#define JA_MAX_GROUPS 2
+
+struct JA_Sound_t {
+        SDL_AudioSpec spec{SDL_AUDIO_S16, 2, 48000};
+        Uint32 length{0};
+        Uint8* buffer{NULL};
+};
+
+struct JA_Channel_t {
+        JA_Sound_t* sound{nullptr};
+        int pos{0};
+        int times{0};
+        int group{0};
+        SDL_AudioStream* stream{nullptr};
+        JA_Channel_state state{JA_CHANNEL_FREE};
+};
+
+struct JA_Music_t {
+        SDL_AudioSpec spec{SDL_AUDIO_S16, 2, 48000};
+        Uint32 length{0};
+        Uint8* buffer{nullptr};
+        char* filename{nullptr};
+
+        int pos{0};
+        int times{0};
+        SDL_AudioStream* stream{nullptr};
+        JA_Music_state state{JA_MUSIC_INVALID};
+};
+
+// --- Internal Global State ---
+// Marcado 'inline' (C++17) para asegurar una única instancia.
+
+inline JA_Music_t* current_music{nullptr};
+inline JA_Channel_t channels[JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS];
+
+inline SDL_AudioSpec JA_audioSpec{SDL_AUDIO_S16, 2, 48000};
+inline float JA_musicVolume{1.0F};
+inline float JA_soundVolume[JA_MAX_GROUPS];
+inline bool JA_musicEnabled{true};
+inline bool JA_soundEnabled{true};
+inline SDL_AudioDeviceID sdlAudioDevice{0};
+
+inline bool fading{false};
+inline int fade_start_time{0};
+inline int fade_duration{0};
+inline float fade_initial_volume{0.0F};  // Corregido de 'int' a 'float'
+
+// --- Forward Declarations ---
+inline void JA_StopMusic();
+inline void JA_StopChannel(const int channel);
+inline int JA_PlaySoundOnChannel(JA_Sound_t* sound, const int channel, const int loop = 0, const int group = 0);
+
+// --- Core Functions ---
+
+inline void JA_Update() {
+    if (JA_musicEnabled && current_music && current_music->state == JA_MUSIC_PLAYING) {
+        if (fading) {
+            int time = SDL_GetTicks();
+            if (time > (fade_start_time + fade_duration)) {
+                fading = false;
+                JA_StopMusic();
+                return;
+            } else {
+                const int time_passed = time - fade_start_time;
+                const float percent = (float)time_passed / (float)fade_duration;
+                SDL_SetAudioStreamGain(current_music->stream, JA_musicVolume * (1.0 - percent));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (current_music->times != 0) {
+            if ((Uint32)SDL_GetAudioStreamAvailable(current_music->stream) < (current_music->length / 2)) {
+                SDL_PutAudioStreamData(current_music->stream, current_music->buffer, current_music->length);
+            }
+            if (current_music->times > 0) current_music->times--;
+        } else {
+            if (SDL_GetAudioStreamAvailable(current_music->stream) == 0) JA_StopMusic();
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (JA_soundEnabled) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS; ++i)
+            if (channels[i].state == JA_CHANNEL_PLAYING) {
+                if (channels[i].times != 0) {
+                    if ((Uint32)SDL_GetAudioStreamAvailable(channels[i].stream) < (channels[i].sound->length / 2)) {
+                        SDL_PutAudioStreamData(channels[i].stream, channels[i].sound->buffer, channels[i].sound->length);
+                        if (channels[i].times > 0) channels[i].times--;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if (SDL_GetAudioStreamAvailable(channels[i].stream) == 0) JA_StopChannel(i);
+                }
+            }
+    }
+}
+
+inline void JA_Init(const int freq, const SDL_AudioFormat format, const int num_channels) {
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+    SDL_SetLogPriority(SDL_LOG_CATEGORY_APPLICATION, SDL_LOG_PRIORITY_DEBUG);
+#endif
+
+    JA_audioSpec = {format, num_channels, freq};
+    if (sdlAudioDevice) SDL_CloseAudioDevice(sdlAudioDevice);  // Corregido: !sdlAudioDevice -> sdlAudioDevice
+    sdlAudioDevice = SDL_OpenAudioDevice(SDL_AUDIO_DEVICE_DEFAULT_PLAYBACK, &JA_audioSpec);
+    if (sdlAudioDevice == 0) SDL_Log("Failed to initialize SDL audio!");
+    for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS; ++i) channels[i].state = JA_CHANNEL_FREE;
+    for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_GROUPS; ++i) JA_soundVolume[i] = 0.5F;
+}
+
+inline void JA_Quit() {
+    if (sdlAudioDevice) SDL_CloseAudioDevice(sdlAudioDevice);  // Corregido: !sdlAudioDevice -> sdlAudioDevice
+    sdlAudioDevice = 0;
+}
+
+// --- Music Functions ---
+
+inline JA_Music_t* JA_LoadMusic(const Uint8* buffer, Uint32 length) {
+    JA_Music_t* music = new JA_Music_t();
+
+    int chan, samplerate;
+    short* output;
+    music->length = stb_vorbis_decode_memory(buffer, length, &chan, &samplerate, &output) * chan * 2;
+
+    music->spec.channels = chan;
+    music->spec.freq = samplerate;
+    music->spec.format = SDL_AUDIO_S16;
+    music->buffer = static_cast<Uint8*>(SDL_malloc(music->length));
+    SDL_memcpy(music->buffer, output, music->length);
+    free(output);
+    music->pos = 0;
+    music->state = JA_MUSIC_STOPPED;
+
+    return music;
+}
+
+inline JA_Music_t* JA_LoadMusic(const char* filename) {
+    // [RZC 28/08/22] Carreguem primer el arxiu en memòria i després el descomprimim. Es algo més rapid.
+    FILE* f = fopen(filename, "rb");
+    if (!f) return NULL;  // Añadida comprobación de apertura
+    fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
+    long fsize = ftell(f);
+    fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    auto* buffer = static_cast<Uint8*>(malloc(fsize + 1));
+    if (!buffer) {  // Añadida comprobación de malloc
+        fclose(f);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (fread(buffer, fsize, 1, f) != 1) {
+        fclose(f);
+        free(buffer);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    fclose(f);
+
+    JA_Music_t* music = JA_LoadMusic(buffer, fsize);
+    if (music) {  // Comprobar que JA_LoadMusic tuvo éxito
+        music->filename = static_cast<char*>(malloc(strlen(filename) + 1));
+        if (music->filename) {
+            strcpy(music->filename, filename);
+        }
+    }
+
+    free(buffer);
+
+    return music;
+}
+
+inline void JA_PlayMusic(JA_Music_t* music, const int loop = -1) {
+    if (!JA_musicEnabled || !music) return;  // Añadida comprobación de music
+
+    JA_StopMusic();
+
+    current_music = music;
+    current_music->pos = 0;
+    current_music->state = JA_MUSIC_PLAYING;
+    current_music->times = loop;
+
+    current_music->stream = SDL_CreateAudioStream(&current_music->spec, &JA_audioSpec);
+    if (!current_music->stream) {  // Comprobar creación de stream
+        SDL_Log("Failed to create audio stream!");
+        current_music->state = JA_MUSIC_STOPPED;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!SDL_PutAudioStreamData(current_music->stream, current_music->buffer, current_music->length)) printf("[ERROR] SDL_PutAudioStreamData failed!\n");
+    SDL_SetAudioStreamGain(current_music->stream, JA_musicVolume);
+    if (!SDL_BindAudioStream(sdlAudioDevice, current_music->stream)) printf("[ERROR] SDL_BindAudioStream failed!\n");
+}
+
+inline char* JA_GetMusicFilename(const JA_Music_t* music = nullptr) {
+    if (!music) music = current_music;
+    if (!music) return nullptr;  // Añadida comprobación
+    return music->filename;
+}
+
+inline void JA_PauseMusic() {
+    if (!JA_musicEnabled) return;
+    if (!current_music || current_music->state != JA_MUSIC_PLAYING) return;  // Comprobación mejorada
+
+    current_music->state = JA_MUSIC_PAUSED;
+    SDL_UnbindAudioStream(current_music->stream);
+}
+
+inline void JA_ResumeMusic() {
+    if (!JA_musicEnabled) return;
+    if (!current_music || current_music->state != JA_MUSIC_PAUSED) return;  // Comprobación mejorada
+
+    current_music->state = JA_MUSIC_PLAYING;
+    SDL_BindAudioStream(sdlAudioDevice, current_music->stream);
+}
+
+inline void JA_StopMusic() {
+    if (!current_music || current_music->state == JA_MUSIC_INVALID || current_music->state == JA_MUSIC_STOPPED) return;
+
+    current_music->pos = 0;
+    current_music->state = JA_MUSIC_STOPPED;
+    if (current_music->stream) {
+        SDL_DestroyAudioStream(current_music->stream);
+        current_music->stream = nullptr;
+    }
+    // No liberamos filename aquí, se debería liberar en JA_DeleteMusic
+}
+
+inline void JA_FadeOutMusic(const int milliseconds) {
+    if (!JA_musicEnabled) return;
+    if (current_music == NULL || current_music->state == JA_MUSIC_INVALID) return;
+
+    fading = true;
+    fade_start_time = SDL_GetTicks();
+    fade_duration = milliseconds;
+    fade_initial_volume = JA_musicVolume;
+}
+
+inline JA_Music_state JA_GetMusicState() {
+    if (!JA_musicEnabled) return JA_MUSIC_DISABLED;
+    if (!current_music) return JA_MUSIC_INVALID;
+
+    return current_music->state;
+}
+
+inline void JA_DeleteMusic(JA_Music_t* music) {
+    if (!music) return;
+    if (current_music == music) {
+        JA_StopMusic();
+        current_music = nullptr;
+    }
+    SDL_free(music->buffer);
+    if (music->stream) SDL_DestroyAudioStream(music->stream);
+    free(music->filename);  // filename se libera aquí
+    delete music;
+}
+
+inline float JA_SetMusicVolume(float volume) {
+    JA_musicVolume = SDL_clamp(volume, 0.0F, 1.0F);
+    if (current_music && current_music->stream) {
+        SDL_SetAudioStreamGain(current_music->stream, JA_musicVolume);
+    }
+    return JA_musicVolume;
+}
+
+inline void JA_SetMusicPosition(float value) {
+    if (!current_music) return;
+    current_music->pos = value * current_music->spec.freq;
+    // Nota: Esta implementación de 'pos' no parece usarse en JA_Update para
+    // el streaming. El streaming siempre parece empezar desde el principio.
+}
+
+inline float JA_GetMusicPosition() {
+    if (!current_music) return 0;
+    return float(current_music->pos) / float(current_music->spec.freq);
+    // Nota: Ver `JA_SetMusicPosition`
+}
+
+inline void JA_EnableMusic(const bool value) {
+    if (!value && current_music && (current_music->state == JA_MUSIC_PLAYING)) JA_StopMusic();
+
+    JA_musicEnabled = value;
+}
+
+// --- Sound Functions ---
+
+inline JA_Sound_t* JA_NewSound(Uint8* buffer, Uint32 length) {
+    JA_Sound_t* sound = new JA_Sound_t();
+    sound->buffer = buffer;
+    sound->length = length;
+    // Nota: spec se queda con los valores por defecto.
+    return sound;
+}
+
+inline JA_Sound_t* JA_LoadSound(uint8_t* buffer, uint32_t size) {
+    JA_Sound_t* sound = new JA_Sound_t();
+    if (!SDL_LoadWAV_IO(SDL_IOFromMem(buffer, size), 1, &sound->spec, &sound->buffer, &sound->length)) {
+        SDL_Log("Failed to load WAV from memory: %s", SDL_GetError());
+        delete sound;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    return sound;
+}
+
+inline JA_Sound_t* JA_LoadSound(const char* filename) {
+    JA_Sound_t* sound = new JA_Sound_t();
+    if (!SDL_LoadWAV(filename, &sound->spec, &sound->buffer, &sound->length)) {
+        SDL_Log("Failed to load WAV file: %s", SDL_GetError());
+        delete sound;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    return sound;
+}
+
+inline int JA_PlaySound(JA_Sound_t* sound, const int loop = 0, const int group = 0) {
+    if (!JA_soundEnabled || !sound) return -1;
+
+    int channel = 0;
+    while (channel < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS && channels[channel].state != JA_CHANNEL_FREE) { channel++; }
+    if (channel == JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS) {
+        // No hay canal libre, reemplazamos el primero
+        channel = 0;
+    }
+
+    return JA_PlaySoundOnChannel(sound, channel, loop, group);
+}
+
+inline int JA_PlaySoundOnChannel(JA_Sound_t* sound, const int channel, const int loop, const int group) {
+    if (!JA_soundEnabled || !sound) return -1;
+    if (channel < 0 || channel >= JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS) return -1;
+
+    JA_StopChannel(channel);  // Detiene y limpia el canal si estaba en uso
+
+    channels[channel].sound = sound;
+    channels[channel].times = loop;
+    channels[channel].pos = 0;
+    channels[channel].group = group;  // Asignar grupo
+    channels[channel].state = JA_CHANNEL_PLAYING;
+    channels[channel].stream = SDL_CreateAudioStream(&channels[channel].sound->spec, &JA_audioSpec);
+
+    if (!channels[channel].stream) {
+        SDL_Log("Failed to create audio stream for sound!");
+        channels[channel].state = JA_CHANNEL_FREE;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    SDL_PutAudioStreamData(channels[channel].stream, channels[channel].sound->buffer, channels[channel].sound->length);
+    SDL_SetAudioStreamGain(channels[channel].stream, JA_soundVolume[group]);
+    SDL_BindAudioStream(sdlAudioDevice, channels[channel].stream);
+
+    return channel;
+}
+
+inline void JA_DeleteSound(JA_Sound_t* sound) {
+    if (!sound) return;
+    for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS; i++) {
+        if (channels[i].sound == sound) JA_StopChannel(i);
+    }
+    SDL_free(sound->buffer);
+    delete sound;
+}
+
+inline void JA_PauseChannel(const int channel) {
+    if (!JA_soundEnabled) return;
+
+    if (channel == -1) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS; i++)
+            if (channels[i].state == JA_CHANNEL_PLAYING) {
+                channels[i].state = JA_CHANNEL_PAUSED;
+                SDL_UnbindAudioStream(channels[i].stream);
+            }
+    } else if (channel >= 0 && channel < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS) {
+        if (channels[channel].state == JA_CHANNEL_PLAYING) {
+            channels[channel].state = JA_CHANNEL_PAUSED;
+            SDL_UnbindAudioStream(channels[channel].stream);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+inline void JA_ResumeChannel(const int channel) {
+    if (!JA_soundEnabled) return;
+
+    if (channel == -1) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS; i++)
+            if (channels[i].state == JA_CHANNEL_PAUSED) {
+                channels[i].state = JA_CHANNEL_PLAYING;
+                SDL_BindAudioStream(sdlAudioDevice, channels[i].stream);
+            }
+    } else if (channel >= 0 && channel < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS) {
+        if (channels[channel].state == JA_CHANNEL_PAUSED) {
+            channels[channel].state = JA_CHANNEL_PLAYING;
+            SDL_BindAudioStream(sdlAudioDevice, channels[channel].stream);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+inline void JA_StopChannel(const int channel) {
+    if (channel == -1) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS; i++) {
+            if (channels[i].state != JA_CHANNEL_FREE) {
+                if (channels[i].stream) SDL_DestroyAudioStream(channels[i].stream);
+                channels[i].stream = nullptr;
+                channels[i].state = JA_CHANNEL_FREE;
+                channels[i].pos = 0;
+                channels[i].sound = NULL;
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (channel >= 0 && channel < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS) {
+        if (channels[channel].state != JA_CHANNEL_FREE) {
+            if (channels[channel].stream) SDL_DestroyAudioStream(channels[channel].stream);
+            channels[channel].stream = nullptr;
+            channels[channel].state = JA_CHANNEL_FREE;
+            channels[channel].pos = 0;
+            channels[channel].sound = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+inline JA_Channel_state JA_GetChannelState(const int channel) {
+    if (!JA_soundEnabled) return JA_SOUND_DISABLED;
+    if (channel < 0 || channel >= JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS) return JA_CHANNEL_INVALID;
+
+    return channels[channel].state;
+}
+
+inline float JA_SetSoundVolume(float volume, const int group = -1)  // -1 para todos los grupos
+{
+    const float v = SDL_clamp(volume, 0.0F, 1.0F);
+
+    if (group == -1) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_GROUPS; ++i) {
+            JA_soundVolume[i] = v;
+        }
+    } else if (group >= 0 && group < JA_MAX_GROUPS) {
+        JA_soundVolume[group] = v;
+    } else {
+        return v;  // Grupo inválido
+    }
+
+    // Aplicar volumen a canales activos
+    for (int i = 0; i < JA_MAX_SIMULTANEOUS_CHANNELS; i++) {
+        if ((channels[i].state == JA_CHANNEL_PLAYING) || (channels[i].state == JA_CHANNEL_PAUSED)) {
+            if (group == -1 || channels[i].group == group) {
+                if (channels[i].stream) {
+                    SDL_SetAudioStreamGain(channels[i].stream, JA_soundVolume[channels[i].group]);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return v;
+}
+
+inline void JA_EnableSound(const bool value) {
+    if (!value) {
+        JA_StopChannel(-1);  // Detener todos los canales
+    }
+    JA_soundEnabled = value;
+}
+
+inline float JA_SetVolume(float volume) {
+    float v = JA_SetMusicVolume(volume);
+    JA_SetSoundVolume(v, -1);  // Aplicar a todos los grupos de sonido
+    return v;
+}

source/core/defaults.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,532 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <numbers>
+
+namespace Defaults {
+// Configuración de ventana
+namespace Window {
+constexpr int WIDTH = 640;
+constexpr int HEIGHT = 480;
+constexpr int MIN_WIDTH = 320;  // Mínimo: mitad del original
+constexpr int MIN_HEIGHT = 240;
+// Zoom system
+constexpr float BASE_ZOOM = 1.0F;       // 640x480 baseline
+constexpr float MIN_ZOOM = 0.5F;        // 320x240 minimum
+constexpr float ZOOM_INCREMENT = 0.1F;  // 10% steps (F1/F2)
+constexpr bool FULLSCREEN = true;       // Pantalla completa activadapor defecto
+}  // namespace Window
+
+// Dimensions base del joc (coordenades lògiques)
+namespace Game {
+constexpr int WIDTH = 640;
+constexpr int HEIGHT = 480;
+}  // namespace Game
+
+// Zones del joc (SDL_FRect amb càlculs automàtics basat en percentatges)
+namespace Zones {
+// --- CONFIGURACIÓ DE PORCENTATGES ---
+// Totes les zones definides com a percentatges de Game::WIDTH (640) i Game::HEIGHT (480)
+
+// Percentatges d'alçada (divisió vertical)
+constexpr float SCOREBOARD_TOP_HEIGHT_PERCENT = 0.02F;     // 10% superior
+constexpr float MAIN_PLAYAREA_HEIGHT_PERCENT = 0.88F;      // 80% central
+constexpr float SCOREBOARD_BOTTOM_HEIGHT_PERCENT = 0.10F;  // 10% inferior
+
+// Padding horizontal per a PLAYAREA (dins de MAIN_PLAYAREA)
+constexpr float PLAYAREA_PADDING_HORIZONTAL_PERCENT = 0.015F;  // 5% a cada costat
+
+// --- CÀLCULS AUTOMÀTICS DE PÍXELS ---
+// Càlculs automàtics a partir dels percentatges
+
+// Alçades
+constexpr float SCOREBOARD_TOP_H = Game::HEIGHT * SCOREBOARD_TOP_HEIGHT_PERCENT;
+constexpr float MAIN_PLAYAREA_H = Game::HEIGHT * MAIN_PLAYAREA_HEIGHT_PERCENT;
+constexpr float SCOREBOARD_BOTTOM_H = Game::HEIGHT * SCOREBOARD_BOTTOM_HEIGHT_PERCENT;
+
+// Posicions Y
+constexpr float SCOREBOARD_TOP_Y = 0.0F;
+constexpr float MAIN_PLAYAREA_Y = SCOREBOARD_TOP_H;
+constexpr float SCOREBOARD_BOTTOM_Y = MAIN_PLAYAREA_Y + MAIN_PLAYAREA_H;
+
+// Padding horizontal de PLAYAREA
+constexpr float PLAYAREA_PADDING_H = Game::WIDTH * PLAYAREA_PADDING_HORIZONTAL_PERCENT;
+
+// --- ZONES FINALS (SDL_FRect) ---
+
+// Marcador superior (reservat per a futur ús)
+// Ocupa: 10% superior (0-48px)
+constexpr SDL_FRect SCOREBOARD_TOP = {
+    0.0F,                             // x = 0.0
+    SCOREBOARD_TOP_Y,                 // y = 0.0
+    static_cast<float>(Game::WIDTH),  // w = 640.0
+    SCOREBOARD_TOP_H                  // h = 48.0
+};
+
+// Àrea de joc principal (contenidor del 80% central, sense padding)
+// Ocupa: 10-90% (48-432px), ample complet
+constexpr SDL_FRect MAIN_PLAYAREA = {
+    0.0F,                             // x = 0.0
+    MAIN_PLAYAREA_Y,                  // y = 48.0
+    static_cast<float>(Game::WIDTH),  // w = 640.0
+    MAIN_PLAYAREA_H                   // h = 384.0
+};
+
+// Zona de joc real (amb padding horizontal del 5%)
+// Ocupa: dins de MAIN_PLAYAREA, amb marges laterals
+// S'utilitza per a límits del joc, col·lisions, spawn
+constexpr SDL_FRect PLAYAREA = {
+    PLAYAREA_PADDING_H,                         // x = 32.0
+    MAIN_PLAYAREA_Y,                            // y = 48.0 (igual que MAIN_PLAYAREA)
+    Game::WIDTH - (2.0F * PLAYAREA_PADDING_H),  // w = 576.0
+    MAIN_PLAYAREA_H                             // h = 384.0 (igual que MAIN_PLAYAREA)
+};
+
+// Marcador inferior (marcador actual)
+// Ocupa: 10% inferior (432-480px)
+constexpr SDL_FRect SCOREBOARD = {
+    0.0F,                             // x = 0.0
+    SCOREBOARD_BOTTOM_Y,              // y = 432.0
+    static_cast<float>(Game::WIDTH),  // w = 640.0
+    SCOREBOARD_BOTTOM_H               // h = 48.0
+};
+
+// Padding horizontal del marcador (per alinear zones esquerra/dreta amb PLAYAREA)
+constexpr float SCOREBOARD_PADDING_H = 0.0F;  // Game::WIDTH * 0.015f;
+}  // namespace Zones
+
+// Objetos del juego
+namespace Entities {
+constexpr int MAX_ORNIS = 15;
+constexpr int MAX_BALES = 3;
+constexpr int MAX_IPUNTS = 30;
+
+constexpr float SHIP_RADIUS = 12.0F;
+constexpr float ENEMY_RADIUS = 20.0F;
+constexpr float BULLET_RADIUS = 3.0F;
+}  // namespace Entities
+
+// Ship (nave del jugador)
+namespace Ship {
+// Invulnerabilidad post-respawn
+constexpr float INVULNERABILITY_DURATION = 3.0F;  // Segundos de invulnerabilidad
+
+// Parpadeo visual durante invulnerabilidad
+constexpr float BLINK_VISIBLE_TIME = 0.1F;    // Tiempo visible (segundos)
+constexpr float BLINK_INVISIBLE_TIME = 0.1F;  // Tiempo invisible (segundos)
+// Frecuencia total: 0.2s/ciclo = 5 Hz (~15 parpadeos en 3s)
+}  // namespace Ship
+
+// Game rules (lives, respawn, game over)
+namespace Game {
+constexpr int STARTING_LIVES = 3;                          // Initial lives
+constexpr float DEATH_DURATION = 3.0F;                     // Seconds of death animation
+constexpr float GAME_OVER_DURATION = 5.0F;                 // Seconds to display game over
+constexpr float COLLISION_SHIP_ENEMY_AMPLIFIER = 0.80F;    // 80% hitbox (generous)
+constexpr float COLLISION_BULLET_ENEMY_AMPLIFIER = 1.15F;  // 115% hitbox (generous)
+
+// Friendly fire system
+constexpr bool FRIENDLY_FIRE_ENABLED = true;               // Activar friendly fire
+constexpr float COLLISION_BULLET_PLAYER_AMPLIFIER = 1.0F;  // Hitbox exacto (100%)
+constexpr float BULLET_GRACE_PERIOD = 0.2F;                // Inmunidad post-disparo (s)
+
+// Transición LEVEL_START (mensajes aleatorios PRE-level)
+constexpr float LEVEL_START_DURATION = 3.0F;      // Duración total
+constexpr float LEVEL_START_TYPING_RATIO = 0.3F;  // 30% escribiendo, 70% mostrando
+
+// Transición LEVEL_COMPLETED (mensaje "GOOD JOB COMMANDER!")
+constexpr float LEVEL_COMPLETED_DURATION = 3.0F;      // Duración total
+constexpr float LEVEL_COMPLETED_TYPING_RATIO = 0.0F;  // 0.0 = sin typewriter (directo)
+
+// Transición INIT_HUD (animación inicial del HUD)
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_DURATION = 3.0F;  // Duración total del estado
+
+// Ratios de animación (inicio y fin como porcentajes del tiempo total)
+// RECT (rectángulo de marges)
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_RECT_RATIO_INIT = 0.30F;
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_RECT_RATIO_END = 0.85F;
+
+// SCORE (marcador de puntuación)
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_SCORE_RATIO_INIT = 0.60F;
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_SCORE_RATIO_END = 0.90F;
+
+// SHIP1 (nave jugador 1)
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_SHIP1_RATIO_INIT = 0.0F;
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_SHIP1_RATIO_END = 1.0F;
+
+// SHIP2 (nave jugador 2)
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_SHIP2_RATIO_INIT = 0.20F;
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_SHIP2_RATIO_END = 1.0F;
+
+// Posición inicial de la nave en INIT_HUD (75% de altura de zona de juego)
+constexpr float INIT_HUD_SHIP_START_Y_RATIO = 0.75F;  // 75% desde el top de PLAYAREA
+
+// Spawn positions (distribución horizontal para 2 jugadores)
+constexpr float P1_SPAWN_X_RATIO = 0.33F;  // 33% desde izquierda
+constexpr float P2_SPAWN_X_RATIO = 0.67F;  // 67% desde izquierda
+constexpr float SPAWN_Y_RATIO = 0.75F;     // 75% desde arriba
+
+// Continue system behavior
+constexpr int CONTINUE_COUNT_START = 9;         // Countdown starts at 9
+constexpr float CONTINUE_TICK_DURATION = 1.0F;  // Seconds per countdown tick
+constexpr int MAX_CONTINUES = 3;                // Maximum continues per game
+constexpr bool INFINITE_CONTINUES = false;      // If true, unlimited continues
+
+// Continue screen visual configuration
+namespace ContinueScreen {
+// "CONTINUE" text
+constexpr float CONTINUE_TEXT_SCALE = 2.0F;     // Text size
+constexpr float CONTINUE_TEXT_Y_RATIO = 0.30F;  // 35% from top of PLAYAREA
+
+// Countdown number (9, 8, 7...)
+constexpr float COUNTER_TEXT_SCALE = 4.0F;     // Text size (large)
+constexpr float COUNTER_TEXT_Y_RATIO = 0.50F;  // 50% from top of PLAYAREA
+
+// "CONTINUES LEFT: X" text
+constexpr float INFO_TEXT_SCALE = 0.7F;     // Text size (small)
+constexpr float INFO_TEXT_Y_RATIO = 0.75F;  // 65% from top of PLAYAREA
+}  // namespace ContinueScreen
+
+// Game Over screen visual configuration
+namespace GameOverScreen {
+constexpr float TEXT_SCALE = 2.0F;    // "GAME OVER" text size
+constexpr float TEXT_SPACING = 4.0F;  // Character spacing
+}  // namespace GameOverScreen
+
+// Stage message configuration (LEVEL_START, LEVEL_COMPLETED)
+constexpr float STAGE_MESSAGE_Y_RATIO = 0.25F;         // 25% from top of PLAYAREA
+constexpr float STAGE_MESSAGE_MAX_WIDTH_RATIO = 0.9F;  // 90% of PLAYAREA width
+}  // namespace Game
+
+// Física (valores actuales del juego, sincronizados con joc_asteroides.cpp)
+namespace Physics {
+constexpr float ROTATION_SPEED = 3.14F;  // rad/s (~180°/s)
+constexpr float ACCELERATION = 400.0F;   // px/s²
+constexpr float MAX_VELOCITY = 120.0F;   // px/s
+constexpr float FRICTION = 20.0F;        // px/s²
+constexpr float ENEMY_SPEED = 2.0F;      // unidades/frame
+constexpr float BULLET_SPEED = 6.0F;     // unidades/frame
+constexpr float VELOCITY_SCALE = 20.0F;  // factor conversión frame→tiempo
+
+// Explosions (debris physics)
+namespace Debris {
+constexpr float VELOCITAT_BASE = 80.0F;      // Velocitat inicial (px/s)
+constexpr float VARIACIO_VELOCITAT = 40.0F;  // ±variació aleatòria (px/s)
+constexpr float ACCELERACIO = -60.0F;        // Fricció/desacceleració (px/s²)
+constexpr float ROTACIO_MIN = 0.1F;          // Rotació mínima (rad/s ~5.7°/s)
+constexpr float ROTACIO_MAX = 0.3F;          // Rotació màxima (rad/s ~17.2°/s)
+constexpr float TEMPS_VIDA = 2.0F;           // Duració màxima (segons) - enemy/bullet debris
+constexpr float TEMPS_VIDA_NAU = 3.0F;       // Ship debris lifetime (matches DEATH_DURATION)
+constexpr float SHRINK_RATE = 0.5F;          // Reducció de mida (factor/s)
+
+// Herència de velocitat angular (trayectorias curvas)
+constexpr float FACTOR_HERENCIA_MIN = 0.7F;  // Mínimo 70% del drotacio heredat
+constexpr float FACTOR_HERENCIA_MAX = 1.0F;  // Màxim 100% del drotacio heredat
+constexpr float FRICCIO_ANGULAR = 0.5F;      // Desacceleració angular (rad/s²)
+
+// Angular velocity cap for trajectory inheritance
+// Excess above this threshold is converted to tangential linear velocity
+// Prevents "vortex trap" problem with high-rotation enemies
+constexpr float VELOCITAT_ROT_MAX = 1.5F;  // rad/s (~86°/s)
+}  // namespace Debris
+}  // namespace Physics
+
+// Matemáticas
+namespace Math {
+constexpr float PI = std::numbers::pi_v<float>;
+}  // namespace Math
+
+// Colores (oscilación para efecto CRT)
+namespace Color {
+// Frecuencia de oscilación
+constexpr float FREQUENCY = 6.0F;  // 1 Hz (1 ciclo/segundo)
+
+// Color de líneas (efecto fósforo verde CRT)
+constexpr uint8_t LINE_MIN_R = 100;  // Verde oscuro
+constexpr uint8_t LINE_MIN_G = 200;
+constexpr uint8_t LINE_MIN_B = 100;
+
+constexpr uint8_t LINE_MAX_R = 100;  // Verde brillante
+constexpr uint8_t LINE_MAX_G = 255;
+constexpr uint8_t LINE_MAX_B = 100;
+
+// Color de fondo (pulso sutil verde oscuro)
+constexpr uint8_t BACKGROUND_MIN_R = 0;  // Negro
+constexpr uint8_t BACKGROUND_MIN_G = 5;
+constexpr uint8_t BACKGROUND_MIN_B = 0;
+
+constexpr uint8_t BACKGROUND_MAX_R = 0;  // Verde muy oscuro
+constexpr uint8_t BACKGROUND_MAX_G = 15;
+constexpr uint8_t BACKGROUND_MAX_B = 0;
+}  // namespace Color
+
+// Brillantor (control de intensitat per cada tipus d'entitat)
+namespace Brightness {
+// Brillantor estàtica per entitats de joc (0.0-1.0)
+constexpr float NAU = 1.0F;     // Màxima visibilitat (jugador)
+constexpr float ENEMIC = 0.7F;  // 30% més tènue (destaca menys)
+constexpr float BALA = 1.0F;    // Brillo a tope (màxima visibilitat)
+
+// Starfield: gradient segons distància al centre
+// distancia_centre: 0.0 (centre) → 1.0 (vora pantalla)
+// brightness = MIN + (MAX - MIN) * distancia_centre
+constexpr float STARFIELD_MIN = 0.3F;  // Estrelles llunyanes (prop del centre)
+constexpr float STARFIELD_MAX = 0.8F;  // Estrelles properes (vora pantalla)
+}  // namespace Brightness
+
+// Renderització (V-Sync i altres opcions de render)
+namespace Rendering {
+constexpr int VSYNC_DEFAULT = 1;  // 0=disabled, 1=enabled
+}  // namespace Rendering
+
+// Audio (sistema de so i música)
+namespace Audio {
+constexpr float VOLUME = 1.0F;  // Volumen maestro (0.0 a 1.0)
+constexpr bool ENABLED = true;  // Audio habilitado por defecto
+}  // namespace Audio
+
+// Música (pistas de fondo)
+namespace Music {
+constexpr float VOLUME = 0.8F;                    // Volumen música
+constexpr bool ENABLED = true;                    // Música habilitada
+constexpr const char* GAME_TRACK = "game.ogg";    // Pista de juego
+constexpr const char* TITLE_TRACK = "title.ogg";  // Pista de titulo
+constexpr int FADE_DURATION_MS = 1000;            // Fade out duration
+}  // namespace Music
+
+// Efectes de so (sons puntuals)
+namespace Sound {
+constexpr float VOLUME = 1.0F;                                               // Volumen efectos
+constexpr bool ENABLED = true;                                               // Sonidos habilitados
+constexpr const char* CONTINUE = "effects/continue.wav";                     // Cuenta atras
+constexpr const char* EXPLOSION = "effects/explosion.wav";                   // Explosión
+constexpr const char* EXPLOSION2 = "effects/explosion2.wav";                 // Explosión alternativa
+constexpr const char* FRIENDLY_FIRE_HIT = "effects/friendly_fire.wav";       // Friendly fire hit
+constexpr const char* INIT_HUD = "effects/init_hud.wav";                     // Para la animación del HUD
+constexpr const char* LASER = "effects/laser_shoot.wav";                     // Disparo
+constexpr const char* LOGO = "effects/logo.wav";                             // Logo
+constexpr const char* START = "effects/start.wav";                           // El jugador pulsa START
+constexpr const char* GOOD_JOB_COMMANDER = "voices/good_job_commander.wav";  // Voz: "Good job, commander"
+}  // namespace Sound
+
+// Controls (mapeo de teclas para los jugadores)
+namespace Controls {
+namespace P1 {
+constexpr SDL_Scancode ROTATE_RIGHT = SDL_SCANCODE_RIGHT;
+constexpr SDL_Scancode ROTATE_LEFT = SDL_SCANCODE_LEFT;
+constexpr SDL_Scancode THRUST = SDL_SCANCODE_UP;
+constexpr SDL_Keycode SHOOT = SDLK_SPACE;
+}  // namespace P1
+
+namespace P2 {
+constexpr SDL_Scancode ROTATE_RIGHT = SDL_SCANCODE_D;
+constexpr SDL_Scancode ROTATE_LEFT = SDL_SCANCODE_A;
+constexpr SDL_Scancode THRUST = SDL_SCANCODE_W;
+constexpr SDL_Keycode SHOOT = SDLK_LSHIFT;
+}  // namespace P2
+}  // namespace Controls
+
+// Enemy type configuration (tipus d'enemics)
+namespace Enemies {
+// Pentagon (esquivador - zigzag evasion)
+namespace Pentagon {
+constexpr float VELOCITAT = 35.0F;         // px/s (slightly slower)
+constexpr float CANVI_ANGLE_PROB = 0.20F;  // 20% per wall hit (frequent zigzag)
+constexpr float CANVI_ANGLE_MAX = 1.0F;    // Max random angle change (rad)
+constexpr float DROTACIO_MIN = 0.75F;      // Min visual rotation (rad/s) [+50%]
+constexpr float DROTACIO_MAX = 3.75F;      // Max visual rotation (rad/s) [+50%]
+constexpr const char* SHAPE_FILE = "enemy_pentagon.shp";
+}  // namespace Pentagon
+
+// Quadrat (perseguidor - tracks player)
+namespace Quadrat {
+constexpr float VELOCITAT = 40.0F;         // px/s (medium speed)
+constexpr float TRACKING_STRENGTH = 0.5F;  // Interpolation toward player (0.0-1.0)
+constexpr float TRACKING_INTERVAL = 1.0F;  // Seconds between angle updates
+constexpr float DROTACIO_MIN = 0.3F;       // Slow rotation [+50%]
+constexpr float DROTACIO_MAX = 1.5F;       // [+50%]
+constexpr const char* SHAPE_FILE = "enemy_square.shp";
+}  // namespace Quadrat
+
+// Molinillo (agressiu - fast straight lines, proximity spin-up)
+namespace Molinillo {
+constexpr float VELOCITAT = 50.0F;                     // px/s (fastest)
+constexpr float CANVI_ANGLE_PROB = 0.05F;              // 5% per wall hit (rare direction change)
+constexpr float CANVI_ANGLE_MAX = 0.3F;                // Small angle adjustments
+constexpr float DROTACIO_MIN = 3.0F;                   // Base rotation (rad/s) [+50%]
+constexpr float DROTACIO_MAX = 6.0F;                   // [+50%]
+constexpr float DROTACIO_PROXIMITY_MULTIPLIER = 3.0F;  // Spin-up multiplier when near ship
+constexpr float PROXIMITY_DISTANCE = 100.0F;           // Distance threshold (px)
+constexpr const char* SHAPE_FILE = "enemy_pinwheel.shp";
+}  // namespace Molinillo
+
+// Animation parameters (shared)
+namespace Animation {
+// Palpitation
+constexpr float PALPITACIO_TRIGGER_PROB = 0.01F;  // 1% chance per second
+constexpr float PALPITACIO_DURACIO_MIN = 1.0F;    // Min duration (seconds)
+constexpr float PALPITACIO_DURACIO_MAX = 3.0F;    // Max duration (seconds)
+constexpr float PALPITACIO_AMPLITUD_MIN = 0.08F;  // Min scale variation
+constexpr float PALPITACIO_AMPLITUD_MAX = 0.20F;  // Max scale variation
+constexpr float PALPITACIO_FREQ_MIN = 1.5F;       // Min frequency (Hz)
+constexpr float PALPITACIO_FREQ_MAX = 3.0F;       // Max frequency (Hz)
+
+// Rotation acceleration
+constexpr float ROTACIO_ACCEL_TRIGGER_PROB = 0.02F;   // 2% chance per second [4x more frequent]
+constexpr float ROTACIO_ACCEL_DURACIO_MIN = 3.0F;     // Min transition time
+constexpr float ROTACIO_ACCEL_DURACIO_MAX = 8.0F;     // Max transition time
+constexpr float ROTACIO_ACCEL_MULTIPLIER_MIN = 0.3F;  // Min speed multiplier [more dramatic]
+constexpr float ROTACIO_ACCEL_MULTIPLIER_MAX = 4.0F;  // Max speed multiplier [more dramatic]
+}  // namespace Animation
+
+// Spawn safety and invulnerability system
+namespace Spawn {
+// Safe spawn distance from player
+constexpr float SAFETY_DISTANCE_MULTIPLIER = 3.0F;                                               // 3x ship radius
+constexpr float SAFETY_DISTANCE = Defaults::Entities::SHIP_RADIUS * SAFETY_DISTANCE_MULTIPLIER;  // 36.0f px
+constexpr int MAX_SPAWN_ATTEMPTS = 50;                                                           // Max attempts to find safe position
+
+// Invulnerability system
+constexpr float INVULNERABILITY_DURATION = 3.0F;          // Seconds
+constexpr float INVULNERABILITY_BRIGHTNESS_START = 0.3F;  // Dim
+constexpr float INVULNERABILITY_BRIGHTNESS_END = 0.7F;    // Normal (same as Defaults::Brightness::ENEMIC)
+constexpr float INVULNERABILITY_SCALE_START = 0.0F;       // Invisible
+constexpr float INVULNERABILITY_SCALE_END = 1.0F;         // Full size
+}  // namespace Spawn
+
+// Scoring system (puntuació per tipus d'enemic)
+namespace Scoring {
+constexpr int PENTAGON_SCORE = 100;   // Pentàgon (esquivador, 35 px/s)
+constexpr int QUADRAT_SCORE = 150;    // Quadrat (perseguidor, 40 px/s)
+constexpr int MOLINILLO_SCORE = 200;  // Molinillo (agressiu, 50 px/s)
+}  // namespace Scoring
+
+}  // namespace Enemies
+
+// Title scene ship animations (naus 3D flotants a l'escena de títol)
+namespace Title {
+namespace Ships {
+// ============================================================
+// PARÀMETRES BASE (ajustar aquí per experimentar)
+// ============================================================
+
+// 1. Escala global de les naus
+constexpr float SHIP_BASE_SCALE = 2.5F;  // Multiplicador (1.0 = mida original del .shp)
+
+// 2. Altura vertical (cercanía al centro)
+// Ratio Y desde el centro de la pantalla (0.0 = centro, 1.0 = bottom de pantalla)
+constexpr float TARGET_Y_RATIO = 0.15625F;
+
+// 3. Radio orbital (distancia radial desde centro en coordenadas polares)
+constexpr float CLOCK_RADIUS = 150.0F;  // Distància des del centre
+
+// 4. Ángulos de posición (clock positions en coordenadas polares)
+// En coordenades de pantalla: 0° = dreta, 90° = baix, 180° = esquerra, 270° = dalt
+constexpr float CLOCK_8_ANGLE = 150.0F * Math::PI / 180.0F;  // 8 o'clock (bottom-left)
+constexpr float CLOCK_4_ANGLE = 30.0F * Math::PI / 180.0F;   // 4 o'clock (bottom-right)
+
+// 5. Radio máximo de la forma de la nave (para calcular offset automáticamente)
+constexpr float SHIP_MAX_RADIUS = 30.0F;  // Radi del cercle circumscrit a ship_starfield.shp
+
+// 6. Margen de seguridad para offset de entrada
+constexpr float ENTRY_OFFSET_MARGIN = 227.5F;  // Para offset total de ~340px (ajustado)
+
+// ============================================================
+// VALORS DERIVATS (calculats automàticament - NO modificar)
+// ============================================================
+
+// Centre de la pantalla (punt de referència)
+constexpr float CENTER_X = Game::WIDTH / 2.0F;   // 320.0f
+constexpr float CENTER_Y = Game::HEIGHT / 2.0F;  // 240.0f
+
+// Posicions target (calculades dinàmicament des dels paràmetres base)
+// Nota: std::cos/sin no són constexpr en C++20, però funcionen en runtime
+// Les funcions inline són optimitzades pel compilador (zero overhead)
+inline float P1_TARGET_X() {
+    return CENTER_X + (CLOCK_RADIUS * std::cos(CLOCK_8_ANGLE));
+}
+inline float P1_TARGET_Y() {
+    return CENTER_Y + ((Game::HEIGHT / 2.0F) * TARGET_Y_RATIO);
+}
+inline float P2_TARGET_X() {
+    return CENTER_X + (CLOCK_RADIUS * std::cos(CLOCK_4_ANGLE));
+}
+inline float P2_TARGET_Y() {
+    return CENTER_Y + ((Game::HEIGHT / 2.0F) * TARGET_Y_RATIO);
+}
+
+// Escales d'animació (relatives a SHIP_BASE_SCALE)
+constexpr float ENTRY_SCALE_START = 1.5F * SHIP_BASE_SCALE;  // Entrada: 50% més gran
+constexpr float FLOATING_SCALE = 1.0F * SHIP_BASE_SCALE;     // Flotant: escala base
+
+// Offset d'entrada (ajustat automàticament a l'escala)
+// Fórmula: (radi màxim de la nau * escala d'entrada) + marge
+constexpr float ENTRY_OFFSET = (SHIP_MAX_RADIUS * ENTRY_SCALE_START) + ENTRY_OFFSET_MARGIN;
+
+// Punt de fuga (centre per a l'animació de sortida)
+constexpr float VANISHING_POINT_X = CENTER_X;  // 320.0f
+constexpr float VANISHING_POINT_Y = CENTER_Y;  // 240.0f
+
+// ============================================================
+// ANIMACIONS (durades, oscil·lacions, delays)
+// ============================================================
+
+// Durades d'animació
+constexpr float ENTRY_DURATION = 2.0F;  // Entrada (segons)
+constexpr float EXIT_DURATION = 1.0F;   // Sortida (segons)
+
+// Flotació (oscil·lació reduïda i diferenciada per nau)
+constexpr float FLOAT_AMPLITUDE_X = 4.0F;  // Amplitud X (píxels)
+constexpr float FLOAT_AMPLITUDE_Y = 2.5F;  // Amplitud Y (píxels)
+
+// Freqüències base
+constexpr float FLOAT_FREQUENCY_X_BASE = 0.5F;  // Hz
+constexpr float FLOAT_FREQUENCY_Y_BASE = 0.7F;  // Hz
+constexpr float FLOAT_PHASE_OFFSET = 1.57F;     // π/2 (90°)
+
+// Delays d'entrada (per a entrada escalonada)
+constexpr float P1_ENTRY_DELAY = 0.0F;  // P1 entra immediatament
+constexpr float P2_ENTRY_DELAY = 0.5F;  // P2 entra 0.5s després
+
+// Delay global abans d'iniciar l'animació d'entrada al estat MAIN
+constexpr float ENTRANCE_DELAY = 5.0F;  // Temps d'espera abans que les naus entrin
+
+// Multiplicadors de freqüència per a cada nau (variació sutil ±12%)
+constexpr float P1_FREQUENCY_MULTIPLIER = 0.88F;  // 12% més lenta
+constexpr float P2_FREQUENCY_MULTIPLIER = 1.12F;  // 12% més ràpida
+
+}  // namespace Ships
+
+namespace Layout {
+// Posicions verticals (anclatges des del TOP de pantalla lògica, 0.0-1.0)
+constexpr float LOGO_POS = 0.20F;         // Logo "ORNI"
+constexpr float PRESS_START_POS = 0.75F;  // "PRESS START TO PLAY"
+constexpr float COPYRIGHT1_POS = 0.90F;   // Primera línia copyright
+
+// Separacions relatives (proporció respecte Game::HEIGHT = 480px)
+constexpr float LOGO_LINE_SPACING = 0.02F;      // Entre "ORNI" i "ATTACK!" (10px)
+constexpr float COPYRIGHT_LINE_SPACING = 0.0F;  // Entre línies copyright (5px)
+
+// Factors d'escala
+constexpr float LOGO_SCALE = 0.6F;         // Escala "ORNI ATTACK!"
+constexpr float PRESS_START_SCALE = 1.0F;  // Escala "PRESS START TO PLAY"
+constexpr float COPYRIGHT_SCALE = 0.5F;    // Escala copyright
+
+// Espaiat entre caràcters (usat per VectorText)
+constexpr float TEXT_SPACING = 2.0F;
+}  // namespace Layout
+}  // namespace Title
+
+// Floating score numbers (números flotants de puntuació)
+namespace FloatingScore {
+constexpr float LIFETIME = 2.0F;      // Duració màxima (segons)
+constexpr float VELOCITY_Y = -30.0F;  // Velocitat vertical (px/s, negatiu = amunt)
+constexpr float VELOCITY_X = 0.0F;    // Velocitat horizontal (px/s)
+constexpr float SCALE = 0.45F;        // Escala del text (0.6 = 60% del marcador)
+constexpr float SPACING = 0.0F;       // Espaiat entre caràcters
+constexpr int MAX_CONCURRENT = 15;    // Pool size (= MAX_ORNIS)
+}  // namespace FloatingScore
+
+}  // namespace Defaults

source/core/entities/entitat.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// entitat.hpp - Classe base abstracta per a totes les entitats del joc
+// © 2025 Orni Attack - Arquitectura d'entitats
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "core/graphics/shape.hpp"
+#include "core/types.hpp"
+
+namespace Entities {
+
+class Entitat {
+    public:
+        virtual ~Entitat() = default;
+
+        // Interfície principal (virtual pur)
+        virtual void inicialitzar() = 0;
+        virtual void actualitzar(float delta_time) = 0;
+        virtual void dibuixar() const = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual bool esta_actiu() const = 0;
+
+        // Interfície de col·lisió (override opcional)
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual float get_collision_radius() const { return 0.0F; }
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual bool es_collidable() const { return false; }
+
+        // Getters comuns (inline, sense overhead)
+        [[nodiscard]] const Punt& get_centre() const { return centre_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] float get_angle() const { return angle_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] float get_brightness() const { return brightness_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& get_forma() const { return forma_; }
+
+    protected:
+        // Estat comú (accés directe, sense overhead)
+        SDL_Renderer* renderer_;
+        std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape> forma_;
+        Punt centre_;
+        float angle_{0.0F};
+        float brightness_{1.0F};
+
+        // Constructor protegit (classe abstracta)
+        Entitat(SDL_Renderer* renderer = nullptr)
+            : renderer_(renderer),
+              centre_({.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.0F}) {}
+};
+
+}  // namespace Entities

source/core/graphics/shape.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// shape.cpp - Implementació del sistema de formes vectorials
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "core/graphics/shape.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+namespace Graphics {
+
+Shape::Shape(const std::string& filepath)
+    : centre_({.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.0F}),
+      escala_defecte_(1.0F),
+      nom_("unnamed") {
+    carregar(filepath);
+}
+
+bool Shape::carregar(const std::string& filepath) {
+    // Llegir fitxer
+    std::ifstream file(filepath);
+    if (!file.is_open()) {
+        std::cerr << "[Shape] Error: no es pot obrir " << filepath << '\n';
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Llegir tot el contingut
+    std::stringstream buffer;
+    buffer << file.rdbuf();
+    std::string contingut = buffer.str();
+    file.close();
+
+    // Parsejar
+    return parsejar_fitxer(contingut);
+}
+
+bool Shape::parsejar_fitxer(const std::string& contingut) {
+    std::istringstream iss(contingut);
+    std::string line;
+
+    while (std::getline(iss, line)) {
+        // Trim whitespace
+        line = trim(line);
+
+        // Skip comments and blanks
+        if (line.empty() || line[0] == '#') {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Parse command
+        if (starts_with(line, "name:")) {
+            nom_ = trim(extract_value(line));
+        } else if (starts_with(line, "scale:")) {
+            try {
+                escala_defecte_ = std::stof(extract_value(line));
+            } catch (...) {
+                std::cerr << "[Shape] Warning: escala invàlida, usant 1.0" << '\n';
+                escala_defecte_ = 1.0F;
+            }
+        } else if (starts_with(line, "center:")) {
+            parse_center(extract_value(line));
+        } else if (starts_with(line, "polyline:")) {
+            auto points = parse_points(extract_value(line));
+            if (points.size() >= 2) {
+                primitives_.push_back({PrimitiveType::POLYLINE, points});
+            } else {
+                std::cerr << "[Shape] Warning: polyline amb menys de 2 punts ignorada"
+                          << '\n';
+            }
+        } else if (starts_with(line, "line:")) {
+            auto points = parse_points(extract_value(line));
+            if (points.size() == 2) {
+                primitives_.push_back({PrimitiveType::LINE, points});
+            } else {
+                std::cerr << "[Shape] Warning: line ha de tenir exactament 2 punts"
+                          << '\n';
+            }
+        }
+        // Comandes desconegudes ignorades silenciosament
+    }
+
+    if (primitives_.empty()) {
+        std::cerr << "[Shape] Error: cap primitiva carregada" << '\n';
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Helper: trim whitespace
+std::string Shape::trim(const std::string& str) const {
+    const char* whitespace = " \t\n\r";
+    size_t start = str.find_first_not_of(whitespace);
+    if (start == std::string::npos) {
+        return "";
+    }
+
+    size_t end = str.find_last_not_of(whitespace);
+    return str.substr(start, end - start + 1);
+}
+
+// Helper: starts_with
+bool Shape::starts_with(const std::string& str,
+    const std::string& prefix) const {
+    if (str.length() < prefix.length()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return str.starts_with(prefix);
+}
+
+// Helper: extract value after ':'
+std::string Shape::extract_value(const std::string& line) const {
+    size_t colon = line.find(':');
+    if (colon == std::string::npos) {
+        return "";
+    }
+    return line.substr(colon + 1);
+}
+
+// Helper: parse center "x, y"
+void Shape::parse_center(const std::string& value) {
+    std::string val = trim(value);
+    size_t comma = val.find(',');
+    if (comma != std::string::npos) {
+        try {
+            centre_.x = std::stof(trim(val.substr(0, comma)));
+            centre_.y = std::stof(trim(val.substr(comma + 1)));
+        } catch (...) {
+            std::cerr << "[Shape] Warning: centre invàlid, usant (0,0)" << '\n';
+            centre_ = {.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.0F};
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Helper: parse points "x1,y1  x2,y2  x3,y3"
+std::vector<Punt> Shape::parse_points(const std::string& str) const {
+    std::vector<Punt> points;
+    std::istringstream iss(trim(str));
+    std::string pair;
+
+    while (iss >> pair) {  // Whitespace-separated
+        size_t comma = pair.find(',');
+        if (comma != std::string::npos) {
+            try {
+                float x = std::stof(pair.substr(0, comma));
+                float y = std::stof(pair.substr(comma + 1));
+                points.push_back({x, y});
+            } catch (...) {
+                std::cerr << "[Shape] Warning: punt invàlid ignorat: " << pair
+                          << '\n';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return points;
+}
+
+}  // namespace Graphics

source/core/graphics/shape.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// shape.hpp - Sistema de formes vectorials
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "core/types.hpp"
+
+namespace Graphics {
+
+// Tipus de primitiva dins d'una forma
+enum class PrimitiveType {
+    POLYLINE,  // Seqüència de punts connectats
+    LINE       // Línia individual (2 punts)
+};
+
+// Primitiva individual (polyline o line)
+struct ShapePrimitive {
+        PrimitiveType type;
+        std::vector<Punt> points;  // 2+ punts per polyline, exactament 2 per line
+};
+
+// Classe Shape - representa una forma vectorial carregada des de .shp
+class Shape {
+    public:
+        // Constructors
+        Shape() = default;
+        explicit Shape(const std::string& filepath);
+
+        // Carregar forma des de fitxer .shp
+        bool carregar(const std::string& filepath);
+
+        // Parsejar forma des de buffer de memòria (per al sistema de recursos)
+        bool parsejar_fitxer(const std::string& contingut);
+
+        // Getters
+        [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<ShapePrimitive>& get_primitives() const {
+            return primitives_;
+        }
+        [[nodiscard]] const Punt& get_centre() const { return centre_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] float get_escala_defecte() const { return escala_defecte_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] bool es_valida() const { return !primitives_.empty(); }
+
+        // Info de depuració
+        [[nodiscard]] std::string get_nom() const { return nom_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] size_t get_num_primitives() const { return primitives_.size(); }
+
+    private:
+        std::vector<ShapePrimitive> primitives_;
+        Punt centre_;           // Centre/origen de la forma
+        float escala_defecte_;  // Escala per defecte (normalment 1.0)
+        std::string nom_;       // Nom de la forma (per depuració)
+
+        // Helpers privats per parsejar
+        [[nodiscard]] std::string trim(const std::string& str) const;
+        [[nodiscard]] bool starts_with(const std::string& str, const std::string& prefix) const;
+        [[nodiscard]] std::string extract_value(const std::string& line) const;
+        void parse_center(const std::string& value);
+        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<Punt> parse_points(const std::string& str) const;
+};
+
+}  // namespace Graphics

source/core/graphics/shape_loader.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+// shape_loader.cpp - Implementació del carregador amb caché
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "core/graphics/shape_loader.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "core/resources/resource_helper.hpp"
+
+namespace Graphics {
+
+// Inicialització de variables estàtiques
+std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Shape>> ShapeLoader::cache_;
+std::string ShapeLoader::base_path_ = "data/shapes/";
+
+std::shared_ptr<Shape> ShapeLoader::load(const std::string& filename) {
+    // Check cache first
+    auto it = cache_.find(filename);
+    if (it != cache_.end()) {
+        std::cout << "[ShapeLoader] Cache hit: " << filename << '\n';
+        return it->second;  // Cache hit
+    }
+
+    // Normalize path: "ship.shp" → "shapes/ship.shp"
+    //                 "logo/letra_j.shp" → "shapes/logo/letra_j.shp"
+    std::string normalized = filename;
+    if (!normalized.starts_with("shapes/")) {
+        // Doesn't start with "shapes/", so add it
+        normalized = "shapes/" + normalized;
+    }
+
+    // Load from resource system
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data = Resource::Helper::loadFile(normalized);
+    if (data.empty()) {
+        std::cerr << "[ShapeLoader] Error: no s'ha pogut carregar " << normalized
+                  << '\n';
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Convert bytes to string and parse
+    std::string file_content(data.begin(), data.end());
+    auto shape = std::make_shared<Shape>();
+    if (!shape->parsejar_fitxer(file_content)) {
+        std::cerr << "[ShapeLoader] Error: no s'ha pogut parsejar " << normalized
+                  << '\n';
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Verify shape is valid
+    if (!shape->es_valida()) {
+        std::cerr << "[ShapeLoader] Error: forma invàlida " << normalized << '\n';
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Cache and return
+    std::cout << "[ShapeLoader] Carregat: " << normalized << " (" << shape->get_nom()
+              << ", " << shape->get_num_primitives() << " primitives)" << '\n';
+
+    cache_[filename] = shape;
+    return shape;
+}
+
+void ShapeLoader::clear_cache() {
+    std::cout << "[ShapeLoader] Netejant caché (" << cache_.size() << " formes)"
+              << '\n';
+    cache_.clear();
+}
+
+size_t ShapeLoader::get_cache_size() { return cache_.size(); }
+
+std::string ShapeLoader::resolve_path(const std::string& filename) {
+    // Si és un path absolut (comença amb '/'), usar-lo directament
+    if (!filename.empty() && filename[0] == '/') {
+        return filename;
+    }
+
+    // Si ja conté el prefix base_path, usar-lo directament
+    if (filename.starts_with(base_path_)) {
+        return filename;
+    }
+
+    // Altrament, afegir base_path (ara suporta subdirectoris)
+    return base_path_ + filename;
+}
+
+}  // namespace Graphics

source/core/graphics/shape_loader.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// shape_loader.hpp - Carregador estàtic de formes amb caché
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include "core/graphics/shape.hpp"
+
+namespace Graphics {
+
+// Carregador estàtic de formes amb caché
+class ShapeLoader {
+    public:
+        // No instanciable (tot estàtic)
+        ShapeLoader() = delete;
+
+        // Carregar forma des de fitxer (amb caché)
+        // Retorna punter compartit (nullptr si error)
+        // Exemple: load("ship.shp") → busca a "data/shapes/ship.shp"
+        static std::shared_ptr<Shape> load(const std::string& filename);
+
+        // Netejar caché (útil per debug/recàrrega)
+        static void clear_cache();
+
+        // Estadístiques (debug)
+        static size_t get_cache_size();
+
+    private:
+        static std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Shape>> cache_;
+        static std::string base_path_;  // "data/shapes/"
+
+        // Helpers privats
+        static std::string resolve_path(const std::string& filename);
+};
+
+}  // namespace Graphics

source/core/graphics/starfield.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+// starfield.cpp - Implementació del sistema d'estrelles de fons
+// © 2025 Orni Attack
+
+#include "core/graphics/starfield.hpp"
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "core/defaults.hpp"
+#include "core/graphics/shape_loader.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/shape_renderer.hpp"
+
+namespace Graphics {
+
+// Constructor
+Starfield::Starfield(SDL_Renderer* renderer,
+    const Punt& punt_fuga,
+    const SDL_FRect& area,
+    int densitat)
+    : renderer_(renderer),
+      punt_fuga_(punt_fuga),
+      area_(area),
+      densitat_(densitat) {
+    // Carregar forma d'estrella amb ShapeLoader
+    shape_estrella_ = ShapeLoader::load("star.shp");
+
+    if (!shape_estrella_ || !shape_estrella_->es_valida()) {
+        std::cerr << "ERROR: No s'ha pogut carregar star.shp" << '\n';
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Configurar 3 capes amb diferents velocitats i escales
+    // Capa 0: Fons llunyà (lenta, petita)
+    capes_.push_back({20.0F, 0.3F, 0.8F, densitat / 3});
+
+    // Capa 1: Profunditat mitjana
+    capes_.push_back({40.0F, 0.5F, 1.2F, densitat / 3});
+
+    // Capa 2: Primer pla (ràpida, gran)
+    capes_.push_back({80.0F, 0.8F, 2.0F, densitat / 3});
+
+    // Calcular radi màxim (distància del centre al racó més llunyà)
+    float dx = std::max(punt_fuga_.x, area_.w - punt_fuga_.x);
+    float dy = std::max(punt_fuga_.y, area_.h - punt_fuga_.y);
+    radi_max_ = std::sqrt((dx * dx) + (dy * dy));
+
+    // Inicialitzar estrelles amb posicions distribuïdes (pre-omplir pantalla)
+    for (int capa_idx = 0; capa_idx < 3; capa_idx++) {
+        int num = capes_[capa_idx].num_estrelles;
+        for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+            Estrella estrella;
+            estrella.capa = capa_idx;
+
+            // Angle aleatori
+            estrella.angle = (static_cast<float>(rand()) / RAND_MAX) * 2.0F * Defaults::Math::PI;
+
+            // Distància aleatòria (0.0 a 1.0) per omplir tota la pantalla
+            estrella.distancia_centre = static_cast<float>(rand()) / RAND_MAX;
+
+            // Calcular posició des de la distància
+            float radi = estrella.distancia_centre * radi_max_;
+            estrella.posicio.x = punt_fuga_.x + (radi * std::cos(estrella.angle));
+            estrella.posicio.y = punt_fuga_.y + (radi * std::sin(estrella.angle));
+
+            estrelles_.push_back(estrella);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Inicialitzar una estrella (nova o regenerada)
+void Starfield::inicialitzar_estrella(Estrella& estrella) const {
+    // Angle aleatori des del punt de fuga cap a fora
+    estrella.angle = (static_cast<float>(rand()) / RAND_MAX) * 2.0F * Defaults::Math::PI;
+
+    // Distància inicial petita (5% del radi màxim) - neix prop del centre
+    estrella.distancia_centre = 0.05F;
+
+    // Posició inicial: molt prop del punt de fuga
+    float radi = estrella.distancia_centre * radi_max_;
+    estrella.posicio.x = punt_fuga_.x + (radi * std::cos(estrella.angle));
+    estrella.posicio.y = punt_fuga_.y + (radi * std::sin(estrella.angle));
+}
+
+// Verificar si una estrella està fora de l'àrea
+bool Starfield::fora_area(const Estrella& estrella) const {
+    return (estrella.posicio.x < area_.x ||
+        estrella.posicio.x > area_.x + area_.w ||
+        estrella.posicio.y < area_.y ||
+        estrella.posicio.y > area_.y + area_.h);
+}
+
+// Calcular escala dinàmica segons distància del centre
+float Starfield::calcular_escala(const Estrella& estrella) const {
+    const CapaConfig& capa = capes_[estrella.capa];
+
+    // Interpolació lineal basada en distància del centre
+    // distancia_centre: 0.0 (centre) → 1.0 (vora)
+    return capa.escala_min +
+        ((capa.escala_max - capa.escala_min) * estrella.distancia_centre);
+}
+
+// Calcular brightness dinàmica segons distància del centre
+float Starfield::calcular_brightness(const Estrella& estrella) const {
+    // Interpolació lineal: estrelles properes (vora) més brillants
+    // distancia_centre: 0.0 (centre, llunyanes) → 1.0 (vora, properes)
+    float brightness_base = Defaults::Brightness::STARFIELD_MIN +
+        ((Defaults::Brightness::STARFIELD_MAX - Defaults::Brightness::STARFIELD_MIN) *
+            estrella.distancia_centre);
+
+    // Aplicar multiplicador i limitar a 1.0
+    return std::min(1.0F, brightness_base * multiplicador_brightness_);
+}
+
+// Actualitzar posicions de les estrelles
+void Starfield::actualitzar(float delta_time) {
+    for (auto& estrella : estrelles_) {
+        // Obtenir configuració de la capa
+        const CapaConfig& capa = capes_[estrella.capa];
+
+        // Moure cap a fora des del centre
+        float velocitat = capa.velocitat_base;
+        float dx = velocitat * std::cos(estrella.angle) * delta_time;
+        float dy = velocitat * std::sin(estrella.angle) * delta_time;
+
+        estrella.posicio.x += dx;
+        estrella.posicio.y += dy;
+
+        // Actualitzar distància del centre
+        float dx_centre = estrella.posicio.x - punt_fuga_.x;
+        float dy_centre = estrella.posicio.y - punt_fuga_.y;
+        float dist_px = std::sqrt((dx_centre * dx_centre) + (dy_centre * dy_centre));
+        estrella.distancia_centre = dist_px / radi_max_;
+
+        // Si ha sortit de l'àrea, regenerar-la
+        if (fora_area(estrella)) {
+            inicialitzar_estrella(estrella);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Establir multiplicador de brightness
+void Starfield::set_brightness(float multiplier) {
+    multiplicador_brightness_ = std::max(0.0F, multiplier);  // Evitar valors negatius
+}
+
+// Dibuixar totes les estrelles
+void Starfield::dibuixar() {
+    if (!shape_estrella_->es_valida()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (const auto& estrella : estrelles_) {
+        // Calcular escala i brightness dinàmicament
+        float escala = calcular_escala(estrella);
+        float brightness = calcular_brightness(estrella);
+
+        // Renderitzar estrella sense rotació
+        Rendering::render_shape(
+            renderer_,
+            shape_estrella_,
+            estrella.posicio,
+            0.0F,       // angle (les estrelles no giren)
+            escala,     // escala dinàmica
+            true,       // dibuixar
+            1.0F,       // progress (sempre visible)
+            brightness  // brightness dinàmica
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace Graphics

source/core/graphics/starfield.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// starfield.hpp - Sistema d'estrelles de fons amb efecte de profunditat
+// © 2025 Orni Attack
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "core/graphics/shape.hpp"
+#include "core/types.hpp"
+
+namespace Graphics {
+
+// Configuració per cada capa de profunditat
+struct CapaConfig {
+        float velocitat_base;  // Velocitat base d'aquesta capa (px/s)
+        float escala_min;      // Escala mínima prop del centre
+        float escala_max;      // Escala màxima al límit de pantalla
+        int num_estrelles;     // Nombre d'estrelles en aquesta capa
+};
+
+// Classe Starfield - camp d'estrelles animat amb efecte de profunditat
+class Starfield {
+    public:
+        // Constructor
+        // - renderer: SDL renderer
+        // - punt_fuga: punt d'origen/fuga des d'on surten les estrelles
+        // - area: rectangle on actuen les estrelles (SDL_FRect)
+        // - densitat: nombre total d'estrelles (es divideix entre capes)
+        Starfield(SDL_Renderer* renderer,
+            const Punt& punt_fuga,
+            const SDL_FRect& area,
+            int densitat = 150);
+
+        // Actualitzar posicions de les estrelles
+        void actualitzar(float delta_time);
+
+        // Dibuixar totes les estrelles
+        void dibuixar();
+
+        // Setters per ajustar paràmetres en temps real
+        void set_punt_fuga(const Punt& punt) { punt_fuga_ = punt; }
+        void set_brightness(float multiplier);
+
+    private:
+        // Estructura interna per cada estrella
+        struct Estrella {
+                Punt posicio;            // Posició actual
+                float angle;             // Angle de moviment (radians)
+                float distancia_centre;  // Distància normalitzada del centre (0.0-1.0)
+                int capa;                // Índex de capa (0=lluny, 1=mitjà, 2=prop)
+        };
+
+        // Inicialitzar una estrella (nova o regenerada)
+        void inicialitzar_estrella(Estrella& estrella) const;
+
+        // Verificar si una estrella està fora de l'àrea
+        [[nodiscard]] bool fora_area(const Estrella& estrella) const;
+
+        // Calcular escala dinàmica segons distància del centre
+        [[nodiscard]] float calcular_escala(const Estrella& estrella) const;
+
+        // Calcular brightness dinàmica segons distància del centre
+        [[nodiscard]] float calcular_brightness(const Estrella& estrella) const;
+
+        // Dades
+        std::vector<Estrella> estrelles_;
+        std::vector<CapaConfig> capes_;  // Configuració de les 3 capes
+        std::shared_ptr<Shape> shape_estrella_;
+        SDL_Renderer* renderer_;
+
+        // Configuració
+        Punt punt_fuga_;                        // Punt d'origen de les estrelles
+        SDL_FRect area_;                        // Àrea activa
+        float radi_max_;                        // Distància màxima del centre al límit de pantalla
+        int densitat_;                          // Nombre total d'estrelles
+        float multiplicador_brightness_{1.0F};  // Multiplicador de brillantor (1.0 = default)
+};
+
+}  // namespace Graphics

source/core/graphics/vector_text.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+// vector_text.cpp - Implementació del sistema de text vectorial
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+// Test pre-commit hook
+
+#include "core/graphics/vector_text.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "core/graphics/shape_loader.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/shape_renderer.hpp"
+
+namespace Graphics {
+
+// Constants per a mides base dels caràcters
+constexpr float char_width = 20.0F;   // Amplada base del caràcter
+constexpr float char_height = 40.0F;  // Altura base del caràcter
+
+VectorText::VectorText(SDL_Renderer* renderer)
+    : renderer_(renderer) {
+    load_charset();
+}
+
+void VectorText::load_charset() {
+    // Cargar dígitos 0-9
+    for (char c = '0'; c <= '9'; c++) {
+        std::string filename = get_shape_filename(c);
+        auto shape = ShapeLoader::load(filename);
+
+        if (shape && shape->es_valida()) {
+            chars_[c] = shape;
+        } else {
+            std::cerr << "[VectorText] Warning: no s'ha pogut carregar " << filename
+                      << '\n';
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Cargar lletres A-Z (majúscules)
+    for (char c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; c++) {
+        std::string filename = get_shape_filename(c);
+        auto shape = ShapeLoader::load(filename);
+
+        if (shape && shape->es_valida()) {
+            chars_[c] = shape;
+        } else {
+            std::cerr << "[VectorText] Warning: no s'ha pogut carregar " << filename
+                      << '\n';
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Cargar símbolos
+    const std::string symbols[] = {".", ",", "-", ":", "!", "?"};
+    for (const auto& sym : symbols) {
+        char c = sym[0];
+        std::string filename = get_shape_filename(c);
+        auto shape = ShapeLoader::load(filename);
+
+        if (shape && shape->es_valida()) {
+            chars_[c] = shape;
+        } else {
+            std::cerr << "[VectorText] Warning: no s'ha pogut carregar " << filename
+                      << '\n';
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Cargar símbolo de copyright (©) - UTF-8 U+00A9
+    // Usem el segon byte (0xA9) com a key interna
+    {
+        char c = '\xA9';  // 169 decimal
+        std::string filename = "font/char_copyright.shp";
+        auto shape = ShapeLoader::load(filename);
+
+        if (shape && shape->es_valida()) {
+            chars_[c] = shape;
+        } else {
+            std::cerr << "[VectorText] Warning: no s'ha pogut carregar " << filename
+                      << '\n';
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[VectorText] Carregats " << chars_.size() << " caràcters"
+              << '\n';
+}
+
+std::string VectorText::get_shape_filename(char c) const {
+    // Mapeo carácter → nombre de archivo (amb prefix "font/")
+    switch (c) {
+        case '0':
+        case '1':
+        case '2':
+        case '3':
+        case '4':
+        case '5':
+        case '6':
+        case '7':
+        case '8':
+        case '9':
+            return std::string("font/char_") + c + ".shp";
+
+        // Lletres majúscules A-Z
+        case 'A':
+        case 'B':
+        case 'C':
+        case 'D':
+        case 'E':
+        case 'F':
+        case 'G':
+        case 'H':
+        case 'I':
+        case 'J':
+        case 'K':
+        case 'L':
+        case 'M':
+        case 'N':
+        case 'O':
+        case 'P':
+        case 'Q':
+        case 'R':
+        case 'S':
+        case 'T':
+        case 'U':
+        case 'V':
+        case 'W':
+        case 'X':
+        case 'Y':
+        case 'Z':
+            return std::string("font/char_") + c + ".shp";
+
+        // Lletres minúscules a-z (convertir a majúscules)
+        case 'a':
+        case 'b':
+        case 'c':
+        case 'd':
+        case 'e':
+        case 'f':
+        case 'g':
+        case 'h':
+        case 'i':
+        case 'j':
+        case 'k':
+        case 'l':
+        case 'm':
+        case 'n':
+        case 'o':
+        case 'p':
+        case 'q':
+        case 'r':
+        case 's':
+        case 't':
+        case 'u':
+        case 'v':
+        case 'w':
+        case 'x':
+        case 'y':
+        case 'z':
+            return std::string("font/char_") + char(c - 32) + ".shp";
+
+        // Símbols
+        case '.':
+            return "font/char_dot.shp";
+        case ',':
+            return "font/char_comma.shp";
+        case '-':
+            return "font/char_minus.shp";
+        case ':':
+            return "font/char_colon.shp";
+        case '!':
+            return "font/char_exclamation.shp";
+        case '?':
+            return "font/char_question.shp";
+        case ' ':
+            return "";  // Espai es maneja sense carregar shape
+
+        case '\xA9':  // Copyright symbol (©) - UTF-8 U+00A9
+            return "font/char_copyright.shp";
+
+        default:
+            return "";  // Caràcter no suportat
+    }
+}
+
+bool VectorText::is_supported(char c) const {
+    return chars_.contains(c);
+}
+
+void VectorText::render(const std::string& text, const Punt& posicio, float escala, float spacing, float brightness) const {
+    if (renderer_ == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Ancho de un carácter base (20 px a escala 1.0)
+    const float char_width_scaled = char_width * escala;
+
+    // Spacing escalado
+    const float spacing_scaled = spacing * escala;
+
+    // Altura de un carácter escalado (necesario para ajustar Y)
+    const float char_height_scaled = char_height * escala;
+
+    // Posición X del borde izquierdo del carácter actual
+    // (se ajustará +char_width/2 para obtener el centro al renderizar)
+    float current_x = posicio.x;
+
+    // Iterar sobre cada byte del string (con detecció UTF-8)
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) {
+        auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i]);
+
+        // Detectar copyright UTF-8 (0xC2 0xA9)
+        if (c == 0xC2 && i + 1 < text.length() &&
+            static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 1]) == 0xA9) {
+            c = 0xA9;  // Usar segon byte com a key
+            i++;       // Saltar el següent byte
+        }
+
+        // Manejar espacios (avanzar sin dibujar)
+        if (c == ' ') {
+            current_x += char_width_scaled + spacing_scaled;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Verificar si el carácter está soportado
+        auto it = chars_.find(c);
+        if (it != chars_.end()) {
+            // Renderizar carácter
+            // Ajustar X e Y para que posicio represente esquina superior izquierda
+            // (render_shape espera el centro, así que sumamos la mitad de ancho y altura)
+            Punt char_pos = {.x = current_x + (char_width_scaled / 2.0F), .y = posicio.y + (char_height_scaled / 2.0F)};
+            Rendering::render_shape(renderer_, it->second, char_pos, 0.0F, escala, true, 1.0F, brightness);
+
+            // Avanzar posición
+            current_x += char_width_scaled + spacing_scaled;
+        } else {
+            // Carácter no soportado: saltar (o renderizar '?' en el futuro)
+            std::cerr << "[VectorText] Warning: caràcter no suportat '" << c << "'"
+                      << '\n';
+            current_x += char_width_scaled + spacing_scaled;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void VectorText::render_centered(const std::string& text, const Punt& centre_punt, float escala, float spacing, float brightness) const {
+    // Calcular dimensions del text
+    float text_width = get_text_width(text, escala, spacing);
+    float text_height = get_text_height(escala);
+
+    // Calcular posició de l'esquina superior esquerra
+    // restant la meitat de les dimensions del punt central
+    Punt posicio_esquerra = {
+        .x = centre_punt.x - (text_width / 2.0F),
+        .y = centre_punt.y - (text_height / 2.0F)};
+
+    // Delegar al mètode render() existent
+    render(text, posicio_esquerra, escala, spacing, brightness);
+}
+
+float VectorText::get_text_width(const std::string& text, float escala, float spacing) const {
+    if (text.empty()) {
+        return 0.0F;
+    }
+
+    const float char_width_scaled = char_width * escala;
+    const float spacing_scaled = spacing * escala;
+
+    // Contar caracteres visuals (no bytes) - manejar UTF-8
+    size_t visual_chars = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) {
+        auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i]);
+
+        // Detectar copyright UTF-8 (0xC2 0xA9) - igual que render()
+        if (c == 0xC2 && i + 1 < text.length() &&
+            static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 1]) == 0xA9) {
+            visual_chars++;  // Un caràcter visual (©)
+            i++;             // Saltar el següent byte
+        } else {
+            visual_chars++;  // Caràcter normal
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Ancho total = todos los caracteres VISUALES + spacing entre ellos
+    return (visual_chars * char_width_scaled) + ((visual_chars - 1) * spacing_scaled);
+}
+
+float VectorText::get_text_height(float escala) const {
+    return char_height * escala;
+}
+
+}  // namespace Graphics

source/core/graphics/vector_text.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// vector_text.hpp - Sistema de texto vectorial con display de 7-segmentos
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include "core/graphics/shape.hpp"
+#include "core/types.hpp"
+
+namespace Graphics {
+
+class VectorText {
+    public:
+        VectorText(SDL_Renderer* renderer);
+
+        // Renderizar string completo
+        // - text: cadena a renderizar (soporta: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '.', ',', '-', ':',
+        // '!', '?', ' ')
+        // - posicio: posición inicial (esquina superior izquierda)
+        // - escala: factor de escala (1.0 = 20×40 px por carácter)
+        // - spacing: espacio entre caracteres en píxeles (a escala 1.0)
+        // - brightness: factor de brillantor (0.0-1.0, default 1.0 = màxima brillantor)
+        void render(const std::string& text, const Punt& posicio, float escala = 1.0F, float spacing = 2.0F, float brightness = 1.0F) const;
+
+        // Renderizar string centrado en un punto
+        // - text: cadena a renderizar
+        // - centre_punt: punto central del texto (no esquina superior izquierda)
+        // - escala: factor de escala (1.0 = 20×40 px por carácter)
+        // - spacing: espacio entre caracteres en píxeles (a escala 1.0)
+        // - brightness: factor de brillantor (0.0-1.0, default 1.0 = màxima brillantor)
+        void render_centered(const std::string& text, const Punt& centre_punt, float escala = 1.0F, float spacing = 2.0F, float brightness = 1.0F) const;
+
+        // Calcular ancho total de un string (útil para centrado)
+        [[nodiscard]] float get_text_width(const std::string& text, float escala = 1.0F, float spacing = 2.0F) const;
+
+        // Calcular altura del texto (útil para centrado vertical)
+        [[nodiscard]] float get_text_height(float escala = 1.0F) const;
+
+        // Verificar si un carácter está soportado
+        [[nodiscard]] bool is_supported(char c) const;
+
+    private:
+        SDL_Renderer* renderer_;
+        std::unordered_map<char, std::shared_ptr<Shape>> chars_;
+
+        void load_charset();
+        [[nodiscard]] std::string get_shape_filename(char c) const;
+};
+
+}  // namespace Graphics

source/core/input/input.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,606 @@
+#include "core/input/input.hpp"
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>  // Para SDL_GetGamepadAxis, SDL_GamepadAxis, SDL_GamepadButton, SDL_GetError, SDL_JoystickID, SDL_AddGamepadMappingsFromFile, SDL_Event, SDL_EventType, SDL_GetGamepadButton, SDL_GetKeyboardState, SDL_INIT_GAMEPAD, SDL_InitSubSystem, SDL_LogError, SDL_OpenGamepad, SDL_PollEvent, SDL_WasInit, Sint16, SDL_Gamepad, SDL_LogCategory, SDL_Scancode
+
+#include <iostream>       // Para basic_ostream, operator<<, cout, cerr
+#include <memory>         // Para shared_ptr, __shared_ptr_access, allocator, operator==, make_shared
+#include <ranges>         // Para __find_if_fn, find_if
+#include <unordered_map>  // Para unordered_map, _Node_iterator, operator==, _Node_iterator_base, _Node_const_iterator
+#include <utility>        // Para pair, move
+
+#include "game/options.hpp"  // Para Options::controls
+
+// Singleton
+Input* Input::instance = nullptr;
+
+// Inicializa la instancia única del singleton
+void Input::init(const std::string& game_controller_db_path) {
+    Input::instance = new Input(game_controller_db_path);
+}
+
+// Libera la instancia
+void Input::destroy() { delete Input::instance; }
+
+// Obtiene la instancia
+auto Input::get() -> Input* { return Input::instance; }
+
+// Constructor
+Input::Input(std::string game_controller_db_path)
+    : gamepad_mappings_file_(std::move(game_controller_db_path)) {
+    // Inicializar bindings del teclado (valores por defecto)
+    // Estos serán sobrescritos por applyPlayer1BindingsFromOptions()
+    keyboard_.bindings = {
+        // Movimiento del jugador
+        {Action::LEFT, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_LEFT}},
+        {Action::RIGHT, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_RIGHT}},
+        {Action::THRUST, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_UP}},
+        {Action::SHOOT, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_SPACE}},
+
+        // Inputs de sistema (globales)
+        {Action::WINDOW_DEC_ZOOM, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_F1}},
+        {Action::WINDOW_INC_ZOOM, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_F2}},
+        {Action::TOGGLE_FULLSCREEN, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_F3}},
+        {Action::TOGGLE_VSYNC, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_F4}},
+        {Action::EXIT, KeyState{.scancode = SDL_SCANCODE_ESCAPE}}};
+
+    initSDLGamePad();  // Inicializa el subsistema SDL_INIT_GAMEPAD
+}
+
+// Asigna inputs a teclas
+void Input::bindKey(Action action, SDL_Scancode code) {
+    keyboard_.bindings[action].scancode = code;
+}
+
+// Aplica las teclas configuradas desde Options
+void Input::applyKeyboardBindingsFromOptions() {
+    bindKey(Action::LEFT, Options::keyboard_controls.key_left);
+    bindKey(Action::RIGHT, Options::keyboard_controls.key_right);
+    bindKey(Action::THRUST, Options::keyboard_controls.key_thrust);
+}
+
+// Aplica configuración de botones del gamepad desde Options al primer gamepad conectado
+void Input::applyGamepadBindingsFromOptions() {
+    // Si no hay gamepads conectados, no hay nada que hacer
+    if (gamepads_.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Obtener el primer gamepad conectado
+    const auto& gamepad = gamepads_[0];
+
+    // Aplicar bindings desde Options
+    // Los valores pueden ser:
+    // - 0-20+: Botones SDL_GamepadButton (DPAD, face buttons, shoulders)
+    // - 100: L2 trigger
+    // - 101: R2 trigger
+    // - 200+: Ejes del stick analógico
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::LEFT].button = Options::gamepad_controls.button_left;
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::RIGHT].button = Options::gamepad_controls.button_right;
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::THRUST].button = Options::gamepad_controls.button_thrust;
+}
+
+// Asigna inputs a botones del mando
+void Input::bindGameControllerButton(const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, Action action, SDL_GamepadButton button) {
+    if (gamepad != nullptr) {
+        gamepad->bindings[action].button = button;
+    }
+}
+
+// Asigna inputs a botones del mando
+void Input::bindGameControllerButton(const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, Action action_target, Action action_source) {
+    if (gamepad != nullptr) {
+        gamepad->bindings[action_target].button = gamepad->bindings[action_source].button;
+    }
+}
+
+// Comprueba si alguna acción está activa
+auto Input::checkAction(Action action, bool repeat, bool check_keyboard, const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad) -> bool {
+    bool success_keyboard = false;
+    bool success_controller = false;
+
+    if (check_keyboard) {
+        if (repeat) {  // El usuario quiere saber si está pulsada (estado mantenido)
+            success_keyboard = keyboard_.bindings[action].is_held;
+        } else {  // El usuario quiere saber si ACABA de ser pulsada (evento de un solo fotograma)
+            success_keyboard = keyboard_.bindings[action].just_pressed;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Si gamepad es nullptr pero hay mandos conectados, usar el primero
+    std::shared_ptr<Gamepad> active_gamepad = gamepad;
+    if (active_gamepad == nullptr && !gamepads_.empty()) {
+        active_gamepad = gamepads_[0];
+    }
+
+    if (active_gamepad != nullptr) {
+        success_controller = checkAxisInput(action, active_gamepad, repeat);
+
+        if (!success_controller) {
+            success_controller = checkTriggerInput(action, active_gamepad, repeat);
+        }
+
+        if (!success_controller) {
+            if (repeat) {  // El usuario quiere saber si está pulsada (estado mantenido)
+                success_controller = active_gamepad->bindings[action].is_held;
+            } else {  // El usuario quiere saber si ACABA de ser pulsada (evento de un solo fotograma)
+                success_controller = active_gamepad->bindings[action].just_pressed;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return (success_keyboard || success_controller);
+}
+
+// Comprueba si hay almenos una acción activa
+auto Input::checkAnyInput(bool check_keyboard, const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad) -> bool {
+    // Obtenemos el número total de acciones posibles para iterar sobre ellas.
+
+    // --- Comprobación del Teclado ---
+    if (check_keyboard) {
+        for (const auto& pair : keyboard_.bindings) {
+            // Simplemente leemos el estado pre-calculado por Input::update().
+            // Ya no se llama a SDL_GetKeyboardState ni se modifica el estado '.active'.
+            if (pair.second.just_pressed) {
+                return true;  // Se encontró una acción recién pulsada.
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Si gamepad es nullptr pero hay mandos conectados, usar el primero
+    std::shared_ptr<Gamepad> active_gamepad = gamepad;
+    if (active_gamepad == nullptr && !gamepads_.empty()) {
+        active_gamepad = gamepads_[0];
+    }
+
+    // --- Comprobación del Mando ---
+    // Comprobamos si hay mandos y si el índice solicitado es válido.
+    if (active_gamepad != nullptr) {
+        // Iteramos sobre todas las acciones, no sobre el número de mandos.
+        for (const auto& pair : active_gamepad->bindings) {
+            // Leemos el estado pre-calculado para el mando y la acción específicos.
+            if (pair.second.just_pressed) {
+                return true;  // Se encontró una acción recién pulsada en el mando.
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Si llegamos hasta aquí, no se detectó ninguna nueva pulsación.
+    return false;
+}
+
+// Comprueba si hay algún botón pulsado
+auto Input::checkAnyButton(bool repeat) -> bool {
+    // Solo comprueba los botones definidos previamente
+    for (auto bi : BUTTON_INPUTS) {
+        // Comprueba el teclado
+        if (checkAction(bi, repeat, CHECK_KEYBOARD)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Comprueba los mandos
+        for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+            if (checkAction(bi, repeat, DO_NOT_CHECK_KEYBOARD, gamepad)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+// Comprueba si algún jugador (P1 o P2) presionó alguna acción de una lista
+auto Input::checkAnyPlayerAction(const std::span<const InputAction>& actions, bool repeat) -> bool {
+    for (const auto& action : actions) {
+        if (checkActionPlayer1(action, repeat) || checkActionPlayer2(action, repeat)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+// Comprueba si hay algun mando conectado
+auto Input::gameControllerFound() const -> bool { return !gamepads_.empty(); }
+
+// Obten el nombre de un mando de juego
+auto Input::getControllerName(const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad) -> std::string {
+    return gamepad == nullptr ? std::string() : gamepad->name;
+}
+
+// Obtiene la lista de nombres de mandos
+auto Input::getControllerNames() const -> std::vector<std::string> {
+    std::vector<std::string> names;
+    for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+        names.push_back(gamepad->name);
+    }
+    return names;
+}
+
+// Obten el número de mandos conectados
+auto Input::getNumGamepads() const -> int { return gamepads_.size(); }
+
+// Obtiene el gamepad a partir de un event.id
+auto Input::getGamepad(SDL_JoystickID id) const -> std::shared_ptr<Input::Gamepad> {
+    for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+        if (gamepad->instance_id == id) {
+            return gamepad;
+        }
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+auto Input::getGamepadByName(const std::string& name) const -> std::shared_ptr<Input::Gamepad> {
+    for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+        if (gamepad && gamepad->name == name) {
+            return gamepad;
+        }
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+// Obtiene el SDL_GamepadButton asignado a un action
+auto Input::getControllerBinding(const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, Action action) -> SDL_GamepadButton {
+    return static_cast<SDL_GamepadButton>(gamepad->bindings[action].button);
+}
+
+// Comprueba el eje del mando
+auto Input::checkAxisInput(Action action, const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, bool repeat) -> bool {
+    // Obtener el binding configurado para esta acción
+    auto& binding = gamepad->bindings[action];
+
+    // Solo revisar ejes si el binding está configurado como eje (valores 200+)
+    // 200 = Left stick izquierda, 201 = Left stick derecha
+    if (binding.button < 200) {
+        // El binding no es un eje, no revisar axis
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Determinar qué eje y dirección revisar según el binding
+    bool axis_active_now = false;
+
+    if (binding.button == 200) {
+        // Left stick izquierda
+        axis_active_now = SDL_GetGamepadAxis(gamepad->pad, SDL_GAMEPAD_AXIS_LEFTX) < -AXIS_THRESHOLD;
+    } else if (binding.button == 201) {
+        // Left stick derecha
+        axis_active_now = SDL_GetGamepadAxis(gamepad->pad, SDL_GAMEPAD_AXIS_LEFTX) > AXIS_THRESHOLD;
+    } else {
+        // Binding de eje no soportado
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (repeat) {
+        // Si se permite repetir, simplemente devolvemos el estado actual
+        return axis_active_now;
+    }  // Si no se permite repetir, aplicamos la lógica de transición
+    if (axis_active_now && !binding.axis_active) {
+        // Transición de inactivo a activo
+        binding.axis_active = true;
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (!axis_active_now && binding.axis_active) {
+        // Transición de activo a inactivo
+        binding.axis_active = false;
+    }
+    // Mantener el estado actual
+    return false;
+}
+
+// Comprueba los triggers del mando como botones digitales
+auto Input::checkTriggerInput(Action action, const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, bool repeat) -> bool {
+    // Solo manejamos botones específicos que pueden ser triggers
+    if (gamepad->bindings[action].button != static_cast<int>(SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_INVALID)) {
+        // Solo procesamos L2 y R2 como triggers
+        int button = gamepad->bindings[action].button;
+
+        // Verificar si el botón mapeado corresponde a un trigger virtual
+        // (Para esto necesitamos valores especiales que representen L2/R2 como botones)
+        bool trigger_active_now = false;
+
+        // Usamos constantes especiales para L2 y R2 como botones
+        if (button == TRIGGER_L2_AS_BUTTON) {  // L2 como botón
+            Sint16 trigger_value = SDL_GetGamepadAxis(gamepad->pad, SDL_GAMEPAD_AXIS_LEFT_TRIGGER);
+            trigger_active_now = trigger_value > TRIGGER_THRESHOLD;
+        } else if (button == TRIGGER_R2_AS_BUTTON) {  // R2 como botón
+            Sint16 trigger_value = SDL_GetGamepadAxis(gamepad->pad, SDL_GAMEPAD_AXIS_RIGHT_TRIGGER);
+            trigger_active_now = trigger_value > TRIGGER_THRESHOLD;
+        } else {
+            return false;  // No es un trigger
+        }
+
+        // Referencia al binding correspondiente
+        auto& binding = gamepad->bindings[action];
+
+        if (repeat) {
+            // Si se permite repetir, simplemente devolvemos el estado actual
+            return trigger_active_now;
+        }
+
+        // Si no se permite repetir, aplicamos la lógica de transición
+        if (trigger_active_now && !binding.trigger_active) {
+            // Transición de inactivo a activo
+            binding.trigger_active = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!trigger_active_now && binding.trigger_active) {
+            // Transición de activo a inactivo
+            binding.trigger_active = false;
+        }
+
+        // Mantener el estado actual
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+void Input::addGamepadMappingsFromFile() {
+    if (SDL_AddGamepadMappingsFromFile(gamepad_mappings_file_.c_str()) < 0) {
+        std::cout << "Error, could not load " << gamepad_mappings_file_.c_str() << " file: " << SDL_GetError() << '\n';
+    }
+}
+
+void Input::discoverGamepads() {
+    SDL_Event event;
+    while (SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
+        handleEvent(event);  // Comprueba mandos conectados
+    }
+}
+
+void Input::initSDLGamePad() {
+    if (SDL_WasInit(SDL_INIT_GAMEPAD) != 1) {
+        if (!SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_GAMEPAD)) {
+            SDL_LogError(SDL_LOG_CATEGORY_APPLICATION, "SDL_GAMEPAD could not initialize! SDL Error: %s", SDL_GetError());
+        } else {
+            addGamepadMappingsFromFile();
+            discoverGamepads();
+            std::cout << "\n** INPUT SYSTEM **\n";
+            std::cout << "Input System initialized successfully\n";
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Input::resetInputStates() {
+    // Resetear todos los KeyBindings.active a false
+    for (auto& key : keyboard_.bindings) {
+        key.second.is_held = false;
+        key.second.just_pressed = false;
+    }
+    // Resetear todos los ControllerBindings.active a false
+    for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+        for (auto& binding : gamepad->bindings) {
+            binding.second.is_held = false;
+            binding.second.just_pressed = false;
+            binding.second.trigger_active = false;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Input::update() {
+    // --- TECLADO ---
+    const bool* key_states = SDL_GetKeyboardState(nullptr);
+
+    // Actualizar bindings globales (F1-F4, ESC)
+    for (auto& binding : keyboard_.bindings) {
+        bool key_is_down_now = key_states[binding.second.scancode];
+
+        // El estado .is_held del fotograma anterior nos sirve para saber si es un pulso nuevo
+        binding.second.just_pressed = key_is_down_now && !binding.second.is_held;
+        binding.second.is_held = key_is_down_now;
+    }
+
+    // Actualizar bindings de jugador 1
+    for (auto& binding : player1_keyboard_bindings_) {
+        bool key_is_down_now = key_states[binding.second.scancode];
+        binding.second.just_pressed = key_is_down_now && !binding.second.is_held;
+        binding.second.is_held = key_is_down_now;
+    }
+
+    // Actualizar bindings de jugador 2
+    for (auto& binding : player2_keyboard_bindings_) {
+        bool key_is_down_now = key_states[binding.second.scancode];
+        binding.second.just_pressed = key_is_down_now && !binding.second.is_held;
+        binding.second.is_held = key_is_down_now;
+    }
+
+    // --- MANDOS ---
+    for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+        for (auto& binding : gamepad->bindings) {
+            bool button_is_down_now = static_cast<int>(SDL_GetGamepadButton(gamepad->pad, static_cast<SDL_GamepadButton>(binding.second.button))) != 0;
+
+            // El estado .is_held del fotograma anterior nos sirve para saber si es un pulso nuevo
+            binding.second.just_pressed = button_is_down_now && !binding.second.is_held;
+            binding.second.is_held = button_is_down_now;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+auto Input::handleEvent(const SDL_Event& event) -> std::string {
+    switch (event.type) {
+        case SDL_EVENT_GAMEPAD_ADDED:
+            return addGamepad(event.gdevice.which);
+        case SDL_EVENT_GAMEPAD_REMOVED:
+            return removeGamepad(event.gdevice.which);
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
+auto Input::addGamepad(int device_index) -> std::string {
+    SDL_Gamepad* pad = SDL_OpenGamepad(device_index);
+    if (pad == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "Error al abrir el gamepad: " << SDL_GetError() << '\n';
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto gamepad = std::make_shared<Gamepad>(pad);
+    auto name = gamepad->name;
+    std::cout << "Gamepad connected (" << name << ")" << '\n';
+    gamepads_.push_back(std::move(gamepad));
+    return name + " CONNECTED";
+}
+
+auto Input::removeGamepad(SDL_JoystickID id) -> std::string {
+    auto it = std::ranges::find_if(gamepads_, [id](const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad) {
+        return gamepad->instance_id == id;
+    });
+
+    if (it != gamepads_.end()) {
+        std::string name = (*it)->name;
+        std::cout << "Gamepad disconnected (" << name << ")" << '\n';
+        gamepads_.erase(it);
+        return name + " DISCONNECTED";
+    }
+    std::cerr << "No se encontró el gamepad con ID " << id << '\n';
+    return {};
+}
+
+void Input::printConnectedGamepads() const {
+    if (gamepads_.empty()) {
+        std::cout << "No hay gamepads conectados." << '\n';
+        return;
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "Gamepads conectados:\n";
+    for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+        std::string name = gamepad->name.empty() ? "Desconocido" : gamepad->name;
+        std::cout << "  - ID: " << gamepad->instance_id
+                  << ", Nombre: " << name << ")" << '\n';
+    }
+}
+
+auto Input::findAvailableGamepadByName(const std::string& gamepad_name) -> std::shared_ptr<Input::Gamepad> {
+    // Si no hay gamepads disponibles, devolver gamepad por defecto
+    if (gamepads_.empty()) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Buscar por nombre
+    for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+        if (gamepad && gamepad->name == gamepad_name) {
+            return gamepad;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Si no se encuentra por nombre, devolver el primer gamepad válido
+    for (const auto& gamepad : gamepads_) {
+        if (gamepad) {
+            return gamepad;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Si llegamos aquí, no hay gamepads válidos
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+// ========== MÉTODOS ESPECÍFICOS POR JUGADOR (ORNI) ==========
+
+// Aplica configuración de controles del jugador 1
+void Input::applyPlayer1BindingsFromOptions() {
+    // 1. Aplicar bindings de teclado (NO usar bindKey, llenar mapa específico)
+    player1_keyboard_bindings_[Action::LEFT].scancode = Options::player1.keyboard.key_left;
+    player1_keyboard_bindings_[Action::RIGHT].scancode = Options::player1.keyboard.key_right;
+    player1_keyboard_bindings_[Action::THRUST].scancode = Options::player1.keyboard.key_thrust;
+    player1_keyboard_bindings_[Action::SHOOT].scancode = Options::player1.keyboard.key_shoot;
+    player1_keyboard_bindings_[Action::START].scancode = Options::player1.keyboard.key_start;
+
+    // 2. Encontrar gamepad por nombre (o usar primer gamepad como fallback)
+    std::shared_ptr<Gamepad> gamepad = nullptr;
+    if (Options::player1.gamepad_name.empty()) {
+        // Fallback: usar primer gamepad disponible
+        gamepad = (!gamepads_.empty()) ? gamepads_[0] : nullptr;
+    } else {
+        // Buscar por nombre
+        gamepad = findAvailableGamepadByName(Options::player1.gamepad_name);
+    }
+
+    if (!gamepad) {
+        player1_gamepad_ = nullptr;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // 3. Aplicar bindings de gamepad
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::LEFT].button = Options::player1.gamepad.button_left;
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::RIGHT].button = Options::player1.gamepad.button_right;
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::THRUST].button = Options::player1.gamepad.button_thrust;
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::SHOOT].button = Options::player1.gamepad.button_shoot;
+
+    // 4. Cachear referencia
+    player1_gamepad_ = gamepad;
+}
+
+// Aplica configuración de controles del jugador 2
+void Input::applyPlayer2BindingsFromOptions() {
+    // 1. Aplicar bindings de teclado (mapa específico de P2, no sobrescribe P1)
+    player2_keyboard_bindings_[Action::LEFT].scancode = Options::player2.keyboard.key_left;
+    player2_keyboard_bindings_[Action::RIGHT].scancode = Options::player2.keyboard.key_right;
+    player2_keyboard_bindings_[Action::THRUST].scancode = Options::player2.keyboard.key_thrust;
+    player2_keyboard_bindings_[Action::SHOOT].scancode = Options::player2.keyboard.key_shoot;
+    player2_keyboard_bindings_[Action::START].scancode = Options::player2.keyboard.key_start;
+
+    // 2. Encontrar gamepad por nombre (o usar segundo gamepad como fallback)
+    std::shared_ptr<Gamepad> gamepad = nullptr;
+    if (Options::player2.gamepad_name.empty()) {
+        // Fallback: usar segundo gamepad disponible
+        gamepad = (gamepads_.size() > 1) ? gamepads_[1] : nullptr;
+    } else {
+        // Buscar por nombre
+        gamepad = findAvailableGamepadByName(Options::player2.gamepad_name);
+    }
+
+    if (!gamepad) {
+        player2_gamepad_ = nullptr;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // 3. Aplicar bindings de gamepad
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::LEFT].button = Options::player2.gamepad.button_left;
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::RIGHT].button = Options::player2.gamepad.button_right;
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::THRUST].button = Options::player2.gamepad.button_thrust;
+    gamepad->bindings[Action::SHOOT].button = Options::player2.gamepad.button_shoot;
+
+    // 4. Cachear referencia
+    player2_gamepad_ = gamepad;
+}
+
+// Consulta de input para jugador 1
+auto Input::checkActionPlayer1(Action action, bool repeat) -> bool {
+    // Comprobar teclado con el mapa específico de P1
+    bool keyboard_active = false;
+
+    if (player1_keyboard_bindings_.contains(action)) {
+        if (repeat) {
+            keyboard_active = player1_keyboard_bindings_[action].is_held;
+        } else {
+            keyboard_active = player1_keyboard_bindings_[action].just_pressed;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Comprobar gamepad de P1
+    bool gamepad_active = false;
+    if (player1_gamepad_) {
+        gamepad_active = checkAction(action, repeat, DO_NOT_CHECK_KEYBOARD, player1_gamepad_);
+    }
+
+    return keyboard_active || gamepad_active;
+}
+
+// Consulta de input para jugador 2
+auto Input::checkActionPlayer2(Action action, bool repeat) -> bool {
+    // Comprobar teclado con el mapa específico de P2
+    bool keyboard_active = false;
+
+    if (player2_keyboard_bindings_.contains(action)) {
+        if (repeat) {
+            keyboard_active = player2_keyboard_bindings_[action].is_held;
+        } else {
+            keyboard_active = player2_keyboard_bindings_[action].just_pressed;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Comprobar gamepad de P2
+    bool gamepad_active = false;
+    if (player2_gamepad_) {
+        gamepad_active = checkAction(action, repeat, DO_NOT_CHECK_KEYBOARD, player2_gamepad_);
+    }
+
+    return keyboard_active || gamepad_active;
+}

source/core/input/input.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>  // Para SDL_Scancode, SDL_GamepadButton, SDL_JoystickID, SDL_CloseGamepad, SDL_Gamepad, SDL_GetGamepadJoystick, SDL_GetGamepadName, SDL_GetGamepadPath, SDL_GetJoystickID, Sint16, Uint8, SDL_Event
+
+#include <array>          // Para array
+#include <memory>         // Para shared_ptr
+#include <span>           // Para span
+#include <string>         // Para string, basic_string
+#include <unordered_map>  // Para unordered_map
+#include <utility>        // Para pair
+#include <vector>         // Para vector
+
+#include "core/input/input_types.hpp"  // for InputAction
+
+// --- Clase Input: gestiona la entrada de teclado y mandos (singleton) ---
+class Input {
+    public:
+        // --- Constantes ---
+        static constexpr bool ALLOW_REPEAT = true;            // Permite repetición
+        static constexpr bool DO_NOT_ALLOW_REPEAT = false;    // No permite repetición
+        static constexpr bool CHECK_KEYBOARD = true;          // Comprueba teclado
+        static constexpr bool DO_NOT_CHECK_KEYBOARD = false;  // No comprueba teclado
+        static constexpr int TRIGGER_L2_AS_BUTTON = 100;      // L2 como botón
+        static constexpr int TRIGGER_R2_AS_BUTTON = 101;      // R2 como botón
+
+        // --- Tipos ---
+        using Action = InputAction;  // Alias para mantener compatibilidad
+
+        // --- Estructuras ---
+        struct KeyState {
+                Uint8 scancode{0};         // Scancode asociado
+                bool is_held{false};       // Está pulsada ahora mismo
+                bool just_pressed{false};  // Se acaba de pulsar en este fotograma
+        };
+
+        struct ButtonState {
+                int button{static_cast<int>(SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_INVALID)};  // GameControllerButton asociado
+                bool is_held{false};                                       // Está pulsada ahora mismo
+                bool just_pressed{false};                                  // Se acaba de pulsar en este fotograma
+                bool axis_active{false};                                   // Estado del eje
+                bool trigger_active{false};                                // Estado del trigger como botón digital
+        };
+
+        struct Keyboard {
+                std::unordered_map<Action, KeyState> bindings;  // Mapa de acciones a estados de tecla
+        };
+
+        struct Gamepad {
+                SDL_Gamepad* pad{nullptr};                         // Puntero al gamepad SDL
+                SDL_JoystickID instance_id{0};                     // ID de instancia del joystick
+                std::string name;                                  // Nombre del gamepad
+                std::string path;                                  // Ruta del dispositivo
+                std::unordered_map<Action, ButtonState> bindings;  // Mapa de acciones a estados de botón
+
+                explicit Gamepad(SDL_Gamepad* gamepad)
+                    : pad(gamepad),
+                      instance_id(SDL_GetJoystickID(SDL_GetGamepadJoystick(gamepad))),
+                      name(std::string(SDL_GetGamepadName(gamepad))),
+                      path(std::string(SDL_GetGamepadPath(pad))),
+                      bindings{
+                          // Movimiento y acciones del jugador
+                          {Action::LEFT, ButtonState{.button = static_cast<int>(SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_LEFT)}},
+                          {Action::RIGHT, ButtonState{.button = static_cast<int>(SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_RIGHT)}},
+                          {Action::THRUST, ButtonState{.button = static_cast<int>(SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_WEST)}},
+                          {Action::SHOOT, ButtonState{.button = static_cast<int>(SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_SOUTH)}}} {}
+
+                ~Gamepad() {
+                    if (pad != nullptr) {
+                        SDL_CloseGamepad(pad);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Reasigna un botón a una acción
+                void rebindAction(Action action, SDL_GamepadButton new_button) {
+                    bindings[action].button = static_cast<int>(new_button);
+                }
+        };
+
+        // --- Tipos ---
+        using Gamepads = std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>>;  // Vector de gamepads
+
+        // --- Singleton ---
+        static void init(const std::string& game_controller_db_path);
+        static void destroy();
+        static auto get() -> Input*;
+
+        // --- Actualización del sistema ---
+        void update();  // Actualiza estados de entrada
+
+        // --- Configuración de controles ---
+        void bindKey(Action action, SDL_Scancode code);
+        void applyKeyboardBindingsFromOptions();
+        void applyGamepadBindingsFromOptions();
+
+        // Configuración por jugador (Orni - dos jugadores)
+        void applyPlayer1BindingsFromOptions();
+        void applyPlayer2BindingsFromOptions();
+
+        static void bindGameControllerButton(const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, Action action, SDL_GamepadButton button);
+        static void bindGameControllerButton(const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, Action action_target, Action action_source);
+
+        // --- Consulta de entrada ---
+        auto checkAction(Action action, bool repeat = true, bool check_keyboard = true, const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad = nullptr) -> bool;
+        auto checkAnyInput(bool check_keyboard = true, const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad = nullptr) -> bool;
+        auto checkAnyButton(bool repeat = DO_NOT_ALLOW_REPEAT) -> bool;
+        void resetInputStates();
+
+        // Consulta por jugador (Orni - dos jugadores)
+        auto checkActionPlayer1(Action action, bool repeat = true) -> bool;
+        auto checkActionPlayer2(Action action, bool repeat = true) -> bool;
+
+        // Check if any player pressed any action from a list
+        auto checkAnyPlayerAction(const std::span<const InputAction>& actions, bool repeat = DO_NOT_ALLOW_REPEAT) -> bool;
+
+        // --- Gestión de gamepads ---
+        [[nodiscard]] auto gameControllerFound() const -> bool;
+        [[nodiscard]] auto getNumGamepads() const -> int;
+        [[nodiscard]] auto getGamepad(SDL_JoystickID id) const -> std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>;
+        [[nodiscard]] auto getGamepadByName(const std::string& name) const -> std::shared_ptr<Input::Gamepad>;
+        [[nodiscard]] auto getGamepads() const -> const Gamepads& { return gamepads_; }
+        auto findAvailableGamepadByName(const std::string& gamepad_name) -> std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>;
+        static auto getControllerName(const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad) -> std::string;
+        [[nodiscard]] auto getControllerNames() const -> std::vector<std::string>;
+        [[nodiscard]] static auto getControllerBinding(const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, Action action) -> SDL_GamepadButton;
+        void printConnectedGamepads() const;
+
+        // --- Eventos ---
+        auto handleEvent(const SDL_Event& event) -> std::string;
+
+    private:
+        // --- Constantes ---
+        static constexpr Sint16 AXIS_THRESHOLD = 30000;                          // Umbral para ejes analógicos
+        static constexpr Sint16 TRIGGER_THRESHOLD = 16384;                       // Umbral para triggers (50% del rango)
+        static constexpr std::array<Action, 1> BUTTON_INPUTS = {Action::SHOOT};  // Inputs que usan botones
+
+        // --- Métodos ---
+        explicit Input(std::string game_controller_db_path);
+        ~Input() = default;
+
+        void initSDLGamePad();
+        static auto checkAxisInput(Action action, const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, bool repeat) -> bool;
+        static auto checkTriggerInput(Action action, const std::shared_ptr<Gamepad>& gamepad, bool repeat) -> bool;
+        auto addGamepad(int device_index) -> std::string;
+        auto removeGamepad(SDL_JoystickID id) -> std::string;
+        void addGamepadMappingsFromFile();
+        void discoverGamepads();
+
+        // --- Variables miembro ---
+        static Input* instance;  // Instancia única del singleton
+
+        Gamepads gamepads_;                  // Lista de gamepads conectados
+        Keyboard keyboard_{};                // Estado del teclado (solo acciones globales)
+        std::string gamepad_mappings_file_;  // Ruta al archivo de mappings
+
+        // Referencias cacheadas a gamepads por jugador (Orni)
+        std::shared_ptr<Gamepad> player1_gamepad_;
+        std::shared_ptr<Gamepad> player2_gamepad_;
+
+        // Mapas de bindings separados por jugador (Orni - dos jugadores)
+        std::unordered_map<Action, KeyState> player1_keyboard_bindings_;
+        std::unordered_map<Action, KeyState> player2_keyboard_bindings_;
+};

source/core/input/input_types.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#include "input_types.hpp"
+
+#include <utility>  // Para pair
+
+// Definición de los mapas
+const std::unordered_map<InputAction, std::string> ACTION_TO_STRING = {
+    {InputAction::LEFT, "LEFT"},
+    {InputAction::RIGHT, "RIGHT"},
+    {InputAction::THRUST, "THRUST"},
+    {InputAction::SHOOT, "SHOOT"},
+    {InputAction::WINDOW_INC_ZOOM, "WINDOW_INC_ZOOM"},
+    {InputAction::WINDOW_DEC_ZOOM, "WINDOW_DEC_ZOOM"},
+    {InputAction::TOGGLE_FULLSCREEN, "TOGGLE_FULLSCREEN"},
+    {InputAction::TOGGLE_VSYNC, "TOGGLE_VSYNC"},
+    {InputAction::EXIT, "EXIT"},
+    {InputAction::NONE, "NONE"}};
+
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, InputAction> STRING_TO_ACTION = {
+    {"LEFT", InputAction::LEFT},
+    {"RIGHT", InputAction::RIGHT},
+    {"THRUST", InputAction::THRUST},
+    {"SHOOT", InputAction::SHOOT},
+    {"WINDOW_INC_ZOOM", InputAction::WINDOW_INC_ZOOM},
+    {"WINDOW_DEC_ZOOM", InputAction::WINDOW_DEC_ZOOM},
+    {"TOGGLE_FULLSCREEN", InputAction::TOGGLE_FULLSCREEN},
+    {"TOGGLE_VSYNC", InputAction::TOGGLE_VSYNC},
+    {"EXIT", InputAction::EXIT},
+    {"NONE", InputAction::NONE}};
+
+const std::unordered_map<SDL_GamepadButton, std::string> BUTTON_TO_STRING = {
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_WEST, "WEST"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_NORTH, "NORTH"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_EAST, "EAST"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_SOUTH, "SOUTH"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_START, "START"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_BACK, "BACK"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_LEFT_SHOULDER, "LEFT_SHOULDER"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_RIGHT_SHOULDER, "RIGHT_SHOULDER"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_UP, "DPAD_UP"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_DOWN, "DPAD_DOWN"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_LEFT, "DPAD_LEFT"},
+    {SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_RIGHT, "DPAD_RIGHT"},
+    {static_cast<SDL_GamepadButton>(100), "L2_AS_BUTTON"},
+    {static_cast<SDL_GamepadButton>(101), "R2_AS_BUTTON"}};
+
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, SDL_GamepadButton> STRING_TO_BUTTON = {
+    {"WEST", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_WEST},
+    {"NORTH", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_NORTH},
+    {"EAST", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_EAST},
+    {"SOUTH", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_SOUTH},
+    {"START", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_START},
+    {"BACK", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_BACK},
+    {"LEFT_SHOULDER", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_LEFT_SHOULDER},
+    {"RIGHT_SHOULDER", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_RIGHT_SHOULDER},
+    {"DPAD_UP", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_UP},
+    {"DPAD_DOWN", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_DOWN},
+    {"DPAD_LEFT", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_LEFT},
+    {"DPAD_RIGHT", SDL_GAMEPAD_BUTTON_DPAD_RIGHT},
+    {"L2_AS_BUTTON", static_cast<SDL_GamepadButton>(100)},
+    {"R2_AS_BUTTON", static_cast<SDL_GamepadButton>(101)}};

source/core/input/input_types.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <array>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+// --- Enums ---
+enum class InputAction : int {  // Acciones de entrada posibles en el juego
+    // Inputs de juego (movimiento y acción)
+    LEFT,    // Rotar izquierda
+    RIGHT,   // Rotar derecha
+    THRUST,  // Acelerar
+    SHOOT,   // Disparar
+    START,   // Empezar partida
+
+    // Inputs de sistema (globales)
+    WINDOW_INC_ZOOM,    // F2
+    WINDOW_DEC_ZOOM,    // F1
+    TOGGLE_FULLSCREEN,  // F3
+    TOGGLE_VSYNC,       // F4
+    EXIT,               // ESC
+
+    // Input obligatorio
+    NONE,
+    SIZE,
+};
+
+// --- Variables ---
+extern const std::unordered_map<InputAction, std::string> ACTION_TO_STRING;        // Mapeo de acción a string
+extern const std::unordered_map<std::string, InputAction> STRING_TO_ACTION;        // Mapeo de string a acción
+extern const std::unordered_map<SDL_GamepadButton, std::string> BUTTON_TO_STRING;  // Mapeo de botón a string
+extern const std::unordered_map<std::string, SDL_GamepadButton> STRING_TO_BUTTON;  // Mapeo de string a botón
+
+// --- Constantes ---
+// Physical arcade buttons (excludes directional controls LEFT/RIGHT)
+static constexpr std::array<InputAction, 3> ARCADE_BUTTONS = {
+    InputAction::SHOOT,
+    InputAction::THRUST,
+    InputAction::START};

source/core/input/mouse.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#include "core/input/mouse.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace Mouse {
+Uint32 cursor_hide_time = 3000;   // Tiempo en milisegundos para ocultar el cursor
+Uint32 last_mouse_move_time = 0;  // Última vez que el ratón se movió
+bool cursor_visible = false;      // Estado del cursor (inicia ocult)
+
+// Modo forzado: Usado cuando SDLManager entra en pantalla completa.
+// Cuando está activado, el cursor permanece oculto independientemente del movimiento del ratón.
+// SDLManager controla esto mediante llamadas a setForceHidden().
+bool force_hidden = false;
+
+// Temps d'inicialització per ignorar esdeveniments fantasma de SDL
+Uint32 initialization_time = 0;
+constexpr Uint32 IGNORE_MOTION_DURATION = 1000;  // Ignorar primers 1000ms
+
+void forceHide() {
+    // Forçar ocultació sincronitzant estat SDL i estat intern
+    std::cout << "[Mouse::forceHide] Ocultant cursor i sincronitzant estat. cursor_visible=" << cursor_visible
+              << " -> false" << '\n';
+    SDL_HideCursor();
+    cursor_visible = false;
+    last_mouse_move_time = 0;
+    initialization_time = SDL_GetTicks();  // Marcar temps per ignorar esdeveniments inicials
+    std::cout << "[Mouse::forceHide] Ignorant moviments durant " << IGNORE_MOTION_DURATION << "ms" << '\n';
+}
+
+void setForceHidden(bool force) {
+    force_hidden = force;
+
+    if (force) {
+        // Entrando en modo oculto forzado: ocultar cursor inmediatamente
+        SDL_HideCursor();
+        cursor_visible = false;
+    } else {
+        // Saliendo de modo oculto forzado: NO mostrar cursor automáticamente
+        // El cursor permanece oculto hasta que haya movimiento de ratón (handleEvent)
+        last_mouse_move_time = SDL_GetTicks();  // Resetear temporizador
+        // cursor_visible permanece false - handleEvent lo cambiará al detectar movimiento
+    }
+}
+
+bool isForceHidden() {
+    return force_hidden;
+}
+
+void handleEvent(const SDL_Event& event) {
+    // CRÍTICO: Si estamos en modo forzado, ignorar todos los eventos del ratón
+    if (force_hidden) {
+        return;  // Salir temprano - no procesar ningún evento
+    }
+
+    // MODO NORMAL: Mostrar cursor al mover el ratón
+    if (event.type == SDL_EVENT_MOUSE_MOTION) {
+        Uint32 current_time = SDL_GetTicks();
+
+        // Ignorar esdeveniments fantasma de SDL durant el període inicial
+        if (initialization_time > 0 && (current_time - initialization_time < IGNORE_MOTION_DURATION)) {
+            std::cout << "[Mouse::handleEvent] Ignorant moviment fantasma de SDL. time=" << current_time
+                      << " (inicialització fa " << (current_time - initialization_time) << "ms)" << '\n';
+            return;
+        }
+
+        last_mouse_move_time = current_time;
+        if (!cursor_visible) {
+            std::cout << "[Mouse::handleEvent] Mostrant cursor per moviment REAL. time=" << last_mouse_move_time << '\n';
+            SDL_ShowCursor();
+            cursor_visible = true;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void updateCursorVisibility() {
+    // CRÍTICO: Si estamos en modo forzado, no aplicar lógica de timeout
+    if (force_hidden) {
+        return;  // Salir temprano - el cursor permanece oculto
+    }
+
+    // MODO NORMAL: Auto-ocultar basado en timeout
+    Uint32 current_time = SDL_GetTicks();
+    if (cursor_visible && (current_time - last_mouse_move_time > cursor_hide_time)) {
+        std::cout << "[Mouse::updateCursorVisibility] Ocultant cursor per timeout. current=" << current_time
+                  << " last=" << last_mouse_move_time << " diff=" << (current_time - last_mouse_move_time) << '\n';
+        SDL_HideCursor();
+        cursor_visible = false;
+    }
+}
+}  // namespace Mouse

source/core/input/mouse.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+namespace Mouse {
+extern Uint32 cursor_hide_time;      // Tiempo en milisegundos para ocultar el cursor
+extern Uint32 last_mouse_move_time;  // Última vez que el ratón se movió
+extern bool cursor_visible;          // Estado del cursor
+
+void forceHide();  // Forçar ocultació del cursor (sincronitza estat intern)
+void handleEvent(const SDL_Event& event);
+void updateCursorVisibility();
+
+// Control de visibilidad forzada (para modo pantalla completa)
+void setForceHidden(bool force);  // Activar/desactivar ocultación forzada
+bool isForceHidden();             // Consultar estado actual
+}  // namespace Mouse

source/core/math/easing.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// easing.hpp - Funcions d'interpolació i easing
+// © 2025 Orni Attack
+
+#pragma once
+
+namespace Easing {
+
+// Ease-out quadratic: empieza rápido, desacelera suavemente
+// t = progreso normalizado [0.0 - 1.0]
+// retorna valor interpolado [0.0 - 1.0]
+inline float ease_out_quad(float t) {
+    return 1.0F - ((1.0F - t) * (1.0F - t));
+}
+
+// Ease-in quadratic: empieza lento, acelera
+// t = progreso normalizado [0.0 - 1.0]
+// retorna valor interpolado [0.0 - 1.0]
+inline float ease_in_quad(float t) {
+    return t * t;
+}
+
+// Ease-in-out quadratic: acelera al inicio, desacelera al final
+// t = progreso normalizado [0.0 - 1.0]
+// retorna valor interpolado [0.0 - 1.0]
+inline float ease_in_out_quad(float t) {
+    return (t < 0.5F)
+        ? 2.0F * t * t
+        : 1.0F - ((-2.0F * t + 2.0F) * (-2.0F * t + 2.0F) / 2.0F);
+}
+
+// Ease-out cubic: desaceleración más suave que quadratic
+// t = progreso normalizado [0.0 - 1.0]
+// retorna valor interpolado [0.0 - 1.0]
+inline float ease_out_cubic(float t) {
+    float t1 = 1.0F - t;
+    return 1.0F - (t1 * t1 * t1);
+}
+
+// Interpolación lineal básica (para referencia)
+inline float lerp(float start, float end, float t) {
+    return start + ((end - start) * t);
+}
+
+}  // namespace Easing

source/core/physics/collision.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// collision.hpp - Utilitats de detecció de col·lisions
+// © 2025 Orni Attack - Sistema de física
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/entities/entitat.hpp"
+#include "core/types.hpp"
+
+namespace Physics {
+
+// Comprovació genèrica de col·lisió entre dues entitats
+inline bool check_collision(const Entities::Entitat& a, const Entities::Entitat& b, float amplifier = 1.0F) {
+    // Comprovar si ambdós són col·lisionables
+    if (!a.es_collidable() || !b.es_collidable()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Calcular radi combinat (amb amplificador per hitbox generós)
+    float suma_radis = (a.get_collision_radius() + b.get_collision_radius()) * amplifier;
+    float suma_radis_sq = suma_radis * suma_radis;
+
+    // Comprovació distància al quadrat (sense sqrt)
+    const Punt& pos_a = a.get_centre();
+    const Punt& pos_b = b.get_centre();
+    float dx = pos_a.x - pos_b.x;
+    float dy = pos_a.y - pos_b.y;
+    float dist_sq = (dx * dx) + (dy * dy);
+
+    return dist_sq <= suma_radis_sq;
+}
+
+}  // namespace Physics

source/core/rendering/color_oscillator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// color_oscillator.cpp - Implementació d'oscil·lació de color
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "core/rendering/color_oscillator.hpp"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#include "core/defaults.hpp"
+
+namespace Rendering {
+
+ColorOscillator::ColorOscillator()
+    : accumulated_time_(0.0F) {
+    // Inicialitzar amb el color mínim
+    current_line_color_ = {.r = Defaults::Color::LINE_MIN_R,
+        .g = Defaults::Color::LINE_MIN_G,
+        .b = Defaults::Color::LINE_MIN_B,
+        .a = 255};
+    current_background_color_ = {.r = Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MIN_R,
+        .g = Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MIN_G,
+        .b = Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MIN_B,
+        .a = 255};
+}
+
+void ColorOscillator::update(float delta_time) {
+    accumulated_time_ += delta_time;
+
+    float factor =
+        calculateOscillationFactor(accumulated_time_, Defaults::Color::FREQUENCY);
+
+    // Interpolar colors de línies
+    SDL_Color line_min = {Defaults::Color::LINE_MIN_R,
+        Defaults::Color::LINE_MIN_G,
+        Defaults::Color::LINE_MIN_B,
+        255};
+    SDL_Color line_max = {Defaults::Color::LINE_MAX_R,
+        Defaults::Color::LINE_MAX_G,
+        Defaults::Color::LINE_MAX_B,
+        255};
+    current_line_color_ = interpolateColor(line_min, line_max, factor);
+
+    // Interpolar colors de fons
+    SDL_Color bg_min = {Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MIN_R,
+        Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MIN_G,
+        Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MIN_B,
+        255};
+    SDL_Color bg_max = {Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MAX_R,
+        Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MAX_G,
+        Defaults::Color::BACKGROUND_MAX_B,
+        255};
+    current_background_color_ = interpolateColor(bg_min, bg_max, factor);
+}
+
+float ColorOscillator::calculateOscillationFactor(float time, float frequency) {
+    // Oscil·lació senoïdal: sin(t * freq * 2π)
+    // Mapejar de [-1, 1] a [0, 1]
+    float radians = time * frequency * 2.0F * Defaults::Math::PI;
+    return (std::sin(radians) + 1.0F) / 2.0F;
+}
+
+SDL_Color ColorOscillator::interpolateColor(SDL_Color min, SDL_Color max, float factor) {
+    return {static_cast<uint8_t>(min.r + ((max.r - min.r) * factor)),
+        static_cast<uint8_t>(min.g + ((max.g - min.g) * factor)),
+        static_cast<uint8_t>(min.b + ((max.b - min.b) * factor)),
+        255};
+}
+
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/color_oscillator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// color_oscillator.hpp - Sistema d'oscil·lació de color per efecte CRT
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#pragma once
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+namespace Rendering {
+
+class ColorOscillator {
+    public:
+        ColorOscillator();
+
+        void update(float delta_time);
+
+        [[nodiscard]] SDL_Color getCurrentLineColor() const { return current_line_color_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] SDL_Color getCurrentBackgroundColor() const {
+            return current_background_color_;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        float accumulated_time_;
+        SDL_Color current_line_color_;
+        SDL_Color current_background_color_;
+
+        static float calculateOscillationFactor(float time, float frequency);
+        static SDL_Color interpolateColor(SDL_Color min, SDL_Color max, float factor);
+};
+
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/coordinate_transform.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// coordinate_transform.cpp - Inicialització de variables globals
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "core/rendering/coordinate_transform.hpp"
+
+namespace Rendering {
+
+// Factor d'escala global (inicialitzat a 1.0 per defecte)
+float g_current_scale_factor = 1.0F;
+
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/coordinate_transform.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// coordinate_transform.hpp - Transformació de coordenades lògiques a físiques
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+namespace Rendering {
+
+// Factor d'escala global (actualitzat cada frame per SDLManager)
+extern float g_current_scale_factor;
+
+// Transforma coordenada lògica a física amb arrodoniment
+inline int transform_x(int logical_x, float scale) {
+    return static_cast<int>(std::round(logical_x * scale));
+}
+
+inline int transform_y(int logical_y, float scale) {
+    return static_cast<int>(std::round(logical_y * scale));
+}
+
+// Variant que usa el factor d'escala global
+inline int transform_x(int logical_x) {
+    return transform_x(logical_x, g_current_scale_factor);
+}
+
+inline int transform_y(int logical_y) {
+    return transform_y(logical_y, g_current_scale_factor);
+}
+
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/line_renderer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+// line_renderer.cpp - Implementació de renderitzat de línies
+// © 1999 Visente i Sergi (versió Pascal)
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "core/rendering/line_renderer.hpp"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#include "core/rendering/coordinate_transform.hpp"
+
+namespace Rendering {
+
+// [NUEVO] Color global compartit (actualitzat per ColorOscillator via
+// SDLManager)
+SDL_Color g_current_line_color = {255, 255, 255, 255};  // Blanc inicial
+
+bool linea(SDL_Renderer* renderer, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, bool dibuixar, float brightness) {
+    // Algorisme de Bresenham per dibuixar línies
+    // Basat en el codi Pascal original
+
+    // Helper function: retorna el signe d'un nombre
+    auto sign = [](int x) -> int {
+        if (x < 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (x > 0) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    };
+
+    // Variables per a l'algorisme (no utilitzades fins Fase 10 - detecció de
+    // col·lisions) int x = x1, y = y1; int xs = x2 - x1; int ys = y2 - y1; int
+    // xm = sign(xs); int ym = sign(ys); xs = std::abs(xs); ys = std::abs(ys);
+
+    // Suprimir warning de variable no usada
+    (void)sign;
+
+    // Detecció de col·lisió (TODO per Fase 10)
+    // El codi Pascal original llegia pixels del framebuffer bit-packed
+    // i comptava col·lisions. Per ara, usem SDL_RenderDrawLine i retornem false.
+    bool colisio = false;
+
+    // Dibuixar amb SDL3 (més eficient que Bresenham píxel a píxel)
+    if (dibuixar && (renderer != nullptr)) {
+        // Transformar coordenades lògiques (640x480) a físiques (resolució real)
+        float scale = g_current_scale_factor;
+        int px1 = transform_x(x1, scale);
+        int py1 = transform_y(y1, scale);
+        int px2 = transform_x(x2, scale);
+        int py2 = transform_y(y2, scale);
+
+        // Aplicar brightness al color oscil·lat global
+        SDL_Color color_final;
+        color_final.r = static_cast<uint8_t>(g_current_line_color.r * brightness);
+        color_final.g = static_cast<uint8_t>(g_current_line_color.g * brightness);
+        color_final.b = static_cast<uint8_t>(g_current_line_color.b * brightness);
+        color_final.a = 255;
+
+        SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, color_final.r, color_final.g, color_final.b, 255);
+
+        // Renderitzar amb coordenades físiques
+        SDL_RenderLine(renderer, static_cast<float>(px1), static_cast<float>(py1), static_cast<float>(px2), static_cast<float>(py2));
+    }
+
+    // Algorisme de Bresenham original (conservat per a futura detecció de
+    // col·lisió)
+    /*
+    if (xs > ys) {
+        // Línia plana (<45 graus)
+        int count = -(xs / 2);
+        while (x != x2) {
+            count = count + ys;
+            x = x + xm;
+            if (count > 0) {
+                y = y + ym;
+                count = count - xs;
+            }
+            // Aquí aniria la detecció de col·lisió píxel a píxel
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Línia pronunciada (>=45 graus)
+        int count = -(ys / 2);
+        while (y != y2) {
+            count = count + xs;
+            y = y + ym;
+            if (count > 0) {
+                x = x + xm;
+                count = count - ys;
+            }
+            // Aquí aniria la detecció de col·lisió píxel a píxel
+        }
+    }
+    */
+
+    return colisio;
+}
+
+// [NUEVO] Establir el color global de les línies
+void setLineColor(SDL_Color color) { g_current_line_color = color; }
+
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/line_renderer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// line_renderer.hpp - Renderitzat de línies
+// © 1999 Visente i Sergi (versió Pascal)
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#pragma once
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+namespace Rendering {
+// Algorisme de Bresenham per dibuixar línies
+// Retorna true si hi ha col·lisió (per Fase 10)
+// brightness: factor de brillantor (0.0-1.0, default 1.0 = màxima brillantor)
+bool linea(SDL_Renderer* renderer, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, bool dibuixar, float brightness = 1.0F);
+
+// [NUEVO] Establir el color global de les línies (oscil·lació)
+void setLineColor(SDL_Color color);
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/polygon_renderer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+// polygon_renderer.cpp - Implementació de renderitzat de polígons
+// © 1999 Visente i Sergi (versió Pascal)
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+//
+// ==============================================================================
+// DEPRECATED: Use core/rendering/shape_renderer.cpp instead
+// ==============================================================================
+
+#include "core/rendering/polygon_renderer.hpp"
+
+#include <array>
+#include <cmath>
+
+#include "core/defaults.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/line_renderer.hpp"
+
+namespace Rendering {
+
+void rota_tri(SDL_Renderer* renderer, const Triangle& tri, float angul, float velocitat, bool dibuixar) {
+    // Rotar i dibuixar triangle (nau)
+    // Conversió de coordenades polars a cartesianes amb rotació
+    // Basat en el codi Pascal original: lines 271-284
+
+    // Convertir cada punt polar a cartesià
+    // x = (r + velocitat) * cos(angle_punt + angle_nau) + centre.x
+    // y = (r + velocitat) * sin(angle_punt + angle_nau) + centre.y
+
+    int x1 = static_cast<int>(std::round((tri.p1.r + velocitat) *
+                 std::cos(tri.p1.angle + angul))) +
+        tri.centre.x;
+
+    int y1 = static_cast<int>(std::round((tri.p1.r + velocitat) *
+                 std::sin(tri.p1.angle + angul))) +
+        tri.centre.y;
+
+    int x2 = static_cast<int>(std::round((tri.p2.r + velocitat) *
+                 std::cos(tri.p2.angle + angul))) +
+        tri.centre.x;
+
+    int y2 = static_cast<int>(std::round((tri.p2.r + velocitat) *
+                 std::sin(tri.p2.angle + angul))) +
+        tri.centre.y;
+
+    int x3 = static_cast<int>(std::round((tri.p3.r + velocitat) *
+                 std::cos(tri.p3.angle + angul))) +
+        tri.centre.x;
+
+    int y3 = static_cast<int>(std::round((tri.p3.r + velocitat) *
+                 std::sin(tri.p3.angle + angul))) +
+        tri.centre.y;
+
+    // Dibuixar les 3 línies que formen el triangle
+    linea(renderer, x1, y1, x2, y2, dibuixar);
+    linea(renderer, x1, y1, x3, y3, dibuixar);
+    linea(renderer, x3, y3, x2, y2, dibuixar);
+}
+
+void rota_pol(SDL_Renderer* renderer, const Poligon& pol, float angul, bool dibuixar) {
+    // Rotar i dibuixar polígon (enemics i bales)
+    // Conversió de coordenades polars a cartesianes amb rotació
+    // Basat en el codi Pascal original: lines 286-296
+
+    // Array temporal per emmagatzemar punts convertits a cartesianes
+    std::array<Punt, Defaults::Entities::MAX_IPUNTS> xy;
+
+    // Convertir cada punt polar a cartesià
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < pol.n; i++) {
+        xy[i].x = static_cast<int>(std::round(
+                      pol.ipuntx[i].r * std::cos(pol.ipuntx[i].angle + angul))) +
+            pol.centre.x;
+
+        xy[i].y = static_cast<int>(std::round(
+                      pol.ipuntx[i].r * std::sin(pol.ipuntx[i].angle + angul))) +
+            pol.centre.y;
+    }
+
+    // Dibuixar línies entre punts consecutius
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < pol.n - 1; i++) {
+        linea(renderer, xy[i].x, xy[i].y, xy[i + 1].x, xy[i + 1].y, dibuixar);
+    }
+
+    // Tancar el polígon (últim punt → primer punt)
+    linea(renderer, xy[pol.n - 1].x, xy[pol.n - 1].y, xy[0].x, xy[0].y, dibuixar);
+}
+
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/polygon_renderer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// polygon_renderer.hpp - Renderitzat de polígons polars
+// © 1999 Visente i Sergi (versió Pascal)
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+//
+// ==============================================================================
+// DEPRECATED: Use core/rendering/shape_renderer.hpp instead
+// ==============================================================================
+// This file is kept temporarily for chatarra_cosmica_ (Phase 10: explosions)
+// TODO Phase 10: Replace with particle system or remove completely
+
+#pragma once
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include "core/types.hpp"
+
+namespace Rendering {
+// Rotar i dibuixar triangle (nau)
+void rota_tri(SDL_Renderer* renderer, const Triangle& tri, float angul, float velocitat, bool dibuixar);
+
+// Rotar i dibuixar polígon (enemics i bales)
+void rota_pol(SDL_Renderer* renderer, const Poligon& pol, float angul, bool dibuixar);
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/primitives.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// primitives.cpp - Implementació de funcions geomètriques
+// © 1999 Visente i Sergi (versió Pascal)
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+//
+// ==============================================================================
+// DEPRECATED: Use Shape system instead (.shp files + ShapeLoader)
+// ==============================================================================
+
+#include "primitives.hpp"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#include "core/defaults.hpp"
+
+float modul(const Punt& p) {
+    // Càlcul de la magnitud d'un vector: sqrt(x² + y²)
+    return std::sqrt((p.x * p.x) + (p.y * p.y));
+}
+
+void diferencia(const Punt& o, const Punt& d, Punt& p) {
+    // Resta de vectors (origen - destí)
+    p.x = o.x - d.x;
+    p.y = o.y - d.y;
+}
+
+int distancia(const Punt& o, const Punt& d) {
+    // Distància entre dos punts
+    Punt p;
+    diferencia(o, d, p);
+    return static_cast<int>(std::round(modul(p)));
+}
+
+float angle_punt(const Punt& p) {
+    // Càlcul de l'angle d'un punt (arctan)
+    if (p.y != 0) {
+        return std::atan(p.x / p.y);
+    }
+    return 0.0F;
+}
+
+void crear_poligon_regular(Poligon& pol, uint8_t n, float r) {
+    // Crear un polígon regular amb n costats i radi r
+    // Distribueix els punts uniformement al voltant d'un cercle
+
+    float interval = 2.0F * Defaults::Math::PI / n;
+    float act = 0.0F;
+
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        pol.ipuntx[i].r = r;
+        pol.ipuntx[i].angle = act;
+        act += interval;
+    }
+
+    // Inicialitzar propietats del polígon
+    pol.centre.x = 320.0F;
+    pol.centre.y = 200.0F;
+    pol.angle = 0.0F;
+    // Convertir velocitat de px/frame a px/s: 2 px/frame × 20 FPS = 40 px/s
+    pol.velocitat = Defaults::Physics::ENEMY_SPEED * 20.0F;
+    pol.n = n;
+    // Convertir rotació de rad/frame a rad/s: 0.0785 rad/frame × 20 FPS = 1.57
+    // rad/s (~90°/s)
+    pol.drotacio = 0.078539816F * 20.0F;
+    pol.rotacio = 0.0F;
+    pol.esta = true;
+}

source/core/rendering/primitives.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// primitives.hpp - Funcions geomètriques bàsiques
+// © 1999 Visente i Sergi (versió Pascal)
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+//
+// ==============================================================================
+// DEPRECATED: Use Shape system instead (.shp files + ShapeLoader)
+// ==============================================================================
+// This file is kept temporarily for chatarra_cosmica_ (Phase 10: explosions)
+// TODO Phase 10: Replace with particle system or remove completely
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include "core/types.hpp"
+
+// Funcions matemàtiques geomètriques pures (sense dependències d'estat)
+
+// Càlcul de la magnitud d'un vector
+float modul(const Punt& p);
+
+// Diferència entre dos punts (vector origen - destí)
+void diferencia(const Punt& o, const Punt& d, Punt& p);
+
+// Distància entre dos punts
+int distancia(const Punt& o, const Punt& d);
+
+// Càlcul de l'angle d'un punt
+float angle_punt(const Punt& p);
+
+// Creació de polígons regulars
+void crear_poligon_regular(Poligon& pol, uint8_t n, float r);

source/core/rendering/sdl_manager.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 #include <iostream>
 
 #include "core/defaults.hpp"
+#include "core/input/mouse.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/coordinate_transform.hpp"
 #include "core/rendering/line_renderer.hpp"
 #include "game/options.hpp"
 #include "project.h"
@@ -15,7 +17,7 @@
 SDLManager::SDLManager()
     : finestra_(nullptr),
       renderer_(nullptr),
-      fps_accumulator_(0.0f),
+      fps_accumulator_(0.0F),
       fps_frame_count_(0),
       fps_display_(0),
       current_width_(Defaults::Window::WIDTH),
@@ -26,10 +28,10 @@ SDLManager::SDLManager()
       zoom_factor_(Defaults::Window::BASE_ZOOM),
       windowed_width_(Defaults::Window::WIDTH),
       windowed_height_(Defaults::Window::HEIGHT),
-      max_zoom_(1.0f) {
+      max_zoom_(1.0F) {
     // Inicialitzar SDL3
     if (!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)) {
-        std::cerr << "Error inicialitzant SDL3: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
+        std::cerr << "Error inicialitzant SDL3: " << SDL_GetError() << '\n';
         return;
     }
 
@@ -45,8 +47,8 @@ SDLManager::SDLManager()
             SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE  // Permetre resize manual també
         );
 
-    if (!finestra_) {
-        std::cerr << "Error creant finestra: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
+    if (finestra_ == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "Error creant finestra: " << SDL_GetError() << '\n';
         SDL_Quit();
         return;
     }
@@ -57,8 +59,8 @@ SDLManager::SDLManager()
     // Crear renderer amb acceleració
     renderer_ = SDL_CreateRenderer(finestra_, nullptr);
 
-    if (!renderer_) {
-        std::cerr << "Error creant renderer: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
+    if (renderer_ == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "Error creant renderer: " << SDL_GetError() << '\n';
         SDL_DestroyWindow(finestra_);
         SDL_Quit();
         return;
@@ -72,14 +74,14 @@ SDLManager::SDLManager()
 
     std::cout << "SDL3 inicialitzat: " << current_width_ << "x" << current_height_
               << " (logic: " << Defaults::Game::WIDTH << "x"
-              << Defaults::Game::HEIGHT << ")" << std::endl;
+              << Defaults::Game::HEIGHT << ")" << '\n';
 }
 
 // Constructor amb configuració
 SDLManager::SDLManager(int width, int height, bool fullscreen)
     : finestra_(nullptr),
       renderer_(nullptr),
-      fps_accumulator_(0.0f),
+      fps_accumulator_(0.0F),
       fps_frame_count_(0),
       fps_display_(0),
       current_width_(width),
@@ -90,10 +92,10 @@ SDLManager::SDLManager(int width, int height, bool fullscreen)
       zoom_factor_(static_cast<float>(width) / Defaults::Window::WIDTH),
       windowed_width_(width),
       windowed_height_(height),
-      max_zoom_(1.0f) {
+      max_zoom_(1.0F) {
     // Inicialitzar SDL3
     if (!SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)) {
-        std::cerr << "Error inicialitzant SDL3: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
+        std::cerr << "Error inicialitzant SDL3: " << SDL_GetError() << '\n';
         return;
     }
 
@@ -112,8 +114,8 @@ SDLManager::SDLManager(int width, int height, bool fullscreen)
     // Crear finestra
     finestra_ = SDL_CreateWindow(window_title.c_str(), current_width_, current_height_, flags);
 
-    if (!finestra_) {
-        std::cerr << "Error creant finestra: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
+    if (finestra_ == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "Error creant finestra: " << SDL_GetError() << '\n';
         SDL_Quit();
         return;
     }
@@ -126,8 +128,8 @@ SDLManager::SDLManager(int width, int height, bool fullscreen)
     // Crear renderer amb acceleració
     renderer_ = SDL_CreateRenderer(finestra_, nullptr);
 
-    if (!renderer_) {
-        std::cerr << "Error creant renderer: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
+    if (renderer_ == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "Error creant renderer: " << SDL_GetError() << '\n';
         SDL_DestroyWindow(finestra_);
         SDL_Quit();
         return;
@@ -139,47 +141,53 @@ SDLManager::SDLManager(int width, int height, bool fullscreen)
     // Configurar viewport scaling
     updateLogicalPresentation();
 
+    // Inicialitzar sistema de cursor
+    // En fullscreen: forzar ocultació permanent
+    if (is_fullscreen_) {
+        Mouse::setForceHidden(true);
+    }
+
     std::cout << "SDL3 inicialitzat: " << current_width_ << "x" << current_height_
               << " (logic: " << Defaults::Game::WIDTH << "x"
               << Defaults::Game::HEIGHT << ")";
     if (is_fullscreen_) {
         std::cout << " [FULLSCREEN]";
     }
-    std::cout << std::endl;
+    std::cout << '\n';
 }
 
 SDLManager::~SDLManager() {
-    if (renderer_) {
+    if (renderer_ != nullptr) {
         SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer_);
         renderer_ = nullptr;
     }
 
-    if (finestra_) {
+    if (finestra_ != nullptr) {
         SDL_DestroyWindow(finestra_);
         finestra_ = nullptr;
     }
 
     SDL_Quit();
-    std::cout << "SDL3 netejat correctament" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "SDL3 netejat correctament" << '\n';
 }
 
 void SDLManager::calculateMaxWindowSize() {
     SDL_DisplayID display = SDL_GetPrimaryDisplay();
     const SDL_DisplayMode* mode = SDL_GetCurrentDisplayMode(display);
 
-    if (mode) {
+    if (mode != nullptr) {
         // Deixar marge de 100px per a decoracions de l'OS
         max_width_ = mode->w - 100;
         max_height_ = mode->h - 100;
         std::cout << "Display detectat: " << mode->w << "x" << mode->h
                   << " (max finestra: " << max_width_ << "x" << max_height_ << ")"
-                  << std::endl;
+                  << '\n';
     } else {
         // Fallback conservador
         max_width_ = 1920;
         max_height_ = 1080;
         std::cerr << "No s'ha pogut detectar el display, usant fallback: "
-                  << max_width_ << "x" << max_height_ << std::endl;
+                  << max_width_ << "x" << max_height_ << '\n';
     }
 
     // Calculate max zoom immediately after determining max size
@@ -201,7 +209,7 @@ void SDLManager::calculateMaxZoom() {
     max_zoom_ = std::max(max_zoom_, Defaults::Window::MIN_ZOOM);
 
     std::cout << "Max zoom: " << max_zoom_ << "x (display: "
-              << max_width_ << "x" << max_height_ << ")" << std::endl;
+              << max_width_ << "x" << max_height_ << ")" << '\n';
 }
 
 void SDLManager::applyZoom(float new_zoom) {
@@ -213,7 +221,7 @@ void SDLManager::applyZoom(float new_zoom) {
     new_zoom = std::round(new_zoom / Defaults::Window::ZOOM_INCREMENT) * Defaults::Window::ZOOM_INCREMENT;
 
     // No change?
-    if (std::abs(new_zoom - zoom_factor_) < 0.01f) {
+    if (std::abs(new_zoom - zoom_factor_) < 0.01F) {
         return;
     }
 
@@ -228,6 +236,9 @@ void SDLManager::applyZoom(float new_zoom) {
     // Apply to window (centers via applyWindowSize)
     applyWindowSize(new_width, new_height);
 
+    // Update viewport for new zoom
+    updateViewport();
+
     // Update windowed size cache
     windowed_width_ = new_width;
     windowed_height_ = new_height;
@@ -238,43 +249,70 @@ void SDLManager::applyZoom(float new_zoom) {
     Options::window.zoom_factor = zoom_factor_;
 
     std::cout << "Zoom: " << zoom_factor_ << "x ("
-              << new_width << "x" << new_height << ")" << std::endl;
+              << new_width << "x" << new_height << ")" << '\n';
 }
 
 void SDLManager::updateLogicalPresentation() {
-    // AIXÒ ÉS LA MÀGIA: El joc SEMPRE dibuixa en 640x480,
-    // SDL escala automàticament a la mida física de la finestra
-    SDL_SetRenderLogicalPresentation(
-        renderer_,
-        Defaults::Game::WIDTH,              // 640 (lògic)
-        Defaults::Game::HEIGHT,             // 480 (lògic)
-        SDL_LOGICAL_PRESENTATION_LETTERBOX  // Mantenir aspect ratio 4:3
-    );
+    // CANVIAT: Ja no usem SDL_SetRenderLogicalPresentation
+    // Ara renderitzem directament a resolució física per evitar pixelació irregular
+    // El viewport amb letterbox es configura a updateViewport()
+    updateViewport();
+}
+
+void SDLManager::updateViewport() {
+    // Calcular dimensions físiques basades en el zoom
+    float scale = zoom_factor_;
+    int scaled_width = static_cast<int>(std::round(Defaults::Game::WIDTH * scale));
+    int scaled_height = static_cast<int>(std::round(Defaults::Game::HEIGHT * scale));
+
+    // Càlcul de letterbox (centrar l'àrea escalada)
+    int offset_x = (current_width_ - scaled_width) / 2;
+    int offset_y = (current_height_ - scaled_height) / 2;
+
+    // Evitar offsets negatius
+    offset_x = std::max(offset_x, 0);
+    offset_y = std::max(offset_y, 0);
+
+    // Configurar viewport per al renderitzat
+    SDL_Rect viewport = {offset_x, offset_y, scaled_width, scaled_height};
+    SDL_SetRenderViewport(renderer_, &viewport);
+
+    std::cout << "Viewport: " << scaled_width << "x" << scaled_height
+              << " @ (" << offset_x << "," << offset_y << ") [scale=" << scale << "]"
+              << '\n';
+}
+
+void SDLManager::updateRenderingContext() const {
+    // Actualitzar el factor d'escala global per a totes les funcions de renderitzat
+    Rendering::g_current_scale_factor = zoom_factor_;
 }
 
 void SDLManager::increaseWindowSize() {
-    if (is_fullscreen_)
+    if (is_fullscreen_) {
         return;
+    }
 
     float new_zoom = zoom_factor_ + Defaults::Window::ZOOM_INCREMENT;
     applyZoom(new_zoom);
 
-    std::cout << "F2: Zoom aumentat a " << zoom_factor_ << "x" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "F2: Zoom aumentat a " << zoom_factor_ << "x" << '\n';
 }
 
 void SDLManager::decreaseWindowSize() {
-    if (is_fullscreen_)
+    if (is_fullscreen_) {
         return;
+    }
 
     float new_zoom = zoom_factor_ - Defaults::Window::ZOOM_INCREMENT;
     applyZoom(new_zoom);
 
-    std::cout << "F1: Zoom reduït a " << zoom_factor_ << "x" << std::endl;
+    std::cout << "F1: Zoom reduït a " << zoom_factor_ << "x" << '\n';
 }
 
 void SDLManager::applyWindowSize(int new_width, int new_height) {
     // Obtenir posició actual ABANS del resize
-    int old_x, old_y;
+    int old_x;
+    int old_y;
     SDL_GetWindowPosition(finestra_, &old_x, &old_y);
 
     int old_width = current_width_;
@@ -300,8 +338,8 @@ void SDLManager::applyWindowSize(int new_width, int new_height) {
 
     SDL_SetWindowPosition(finestra_, new_x, new_y);
 
-    // NO cal actualitzar el logical presentation aquí,
-    // SDL ho maneja automàticament
+    // Actualitzar viewport després del resize
+    updateViewport();
 }
 
 void SDLManager::toggleFullscreen() {
@@ -314,7 +352,7 @@ void SDLManager::toggleFullscreen() {
         SDL_SetWindowFullscreen(finestra_, true);
 
         std::cout << "F3: Fullscreen activat (guardada: "
-                  << windowed_width_ << "x" << windowed_height_ << ")" << std::endl;
+                  << windowed_width_ << "x" << windowed_height_ << ")" << '\n';
     } else {
         // EXITING FULLSCREEN
         is_fullscreen_ = false;
@@ -324,10 +362,14 @@ void SDLManager::toggleFullscreen() {
         applyWindowSize(windowed_width_, windowed_height_);
 
         std::cout << "F3: Fullscreen desactivat (restaurada: "
-                  << windowed_width_ << "x" << windowed_height_ << ")" << std::endl;
+                  << windowed_width_ << "x" << windowed_height_ << ")" << '\n';
     }
 
     Options::window.fullscreen = is_fullscreen_;
+
+    // Notificar al mòdul Mouse: Fullscreen requereix ocultació permanent del cursor.
+    // Quan es surt de fullscreen, restaurar el comportament normal d'auto-ocultació.
+    Mouse::setForceHidden(is_fullscreen_);
 }
 
 bool SDLManager::handleWindowEvent(const SDL_Event& event) {
@@ -345,17 +387,21 @@ bool SDLManager::handleWindowEvent(const SDL_Event& event) {
             windowed_height_ = current_height_;
         }
 
+        // Actualitzar viewport després del resize manual
+        updateViewport();
+
         std::cout << "Finestra redimensionada: " << current_width_
                   << "x" << current_height_ << " (zoom ≈" << zoom_factor_ << "x)"
-                  << std::endl;
+                  << '\n';
         return true;
     }
     return false;
 }
 
 void SDLManager::neteja(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b) {
-    if (!renderer_)
+    if (renderer_ == nullptr) {
         return;
+    }
 
     // [MODIFICAT] Usar color oscil·lat del fons en lloc dels paràmetres
     (void)r;
@@ -367,8 +413,9 @@ void SDLManager::neteja(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b) {
 }
 
 void SDLManager::presenta() {
-    if (!renderer_)
+    if (renderer_ == nullptr) {
         return;
+    }
 
     SDL_RenderPresent(renderer_);
 }
@@ -388,19 +435,21 @@ void SDLManager::updateFPS(float delta_time) {
     fps_frame_count_++;
 
     // Actualitzar display cada 0.5 segons
-    if (fps_accumulator_ >= 0.5f) {
+    if (fps_accumulator_ >= 0.5F) {
         fps_display_ = static_cast<int>(fps_frame_count_ / fps_accumulator_);
         fps_frame_count_ = 0;
-        fps_accumulator_ = 0.0f;
+        fps_accumulator_ = 0.0F;
 
         // Actualitzar títol de la finestra
-        std::string title = std::format("{} v{} ({}) - {} FPS",
+        std::string vsync_state = (Options::rendering.vsync == 1) ? "ON" : "OFF";
+        std::string title = std::format("{} v{} ({}) - {} FPS - VSync: {}",
             Project::LONG_NAME,
             Project::VERSION,
             Project::COPYRIGHT,
-            fps_display_);
+            fps_display_,
+            vsync_state);
 
-        if (finestra_) {
+        if (finestra_ != nullptr) {
             SDL_SetWindowTitle(finestra_, title.c_str());
         }
     }
@@ -408,7 +457,7 @@ void SDLManager::updateFPS(float delta_time) {
 
 // [NUEVO] Actualitzar títol de la finestra
 void SDLManager::setWindowTitle(const std::string& title) {
-    if (finestra_) {
+    if (finestra_ != nullptr) {
         SDL_SetWindowTitle(finestra_, title.c_str());
     }
 }
@@ -419,10 +468,14 @@ void SDLManager::toggleVSync() {
     Options::rendering.vsync = (Options::rendering.vsync == 1) ? 0 : 1;
 
     // Aplicar a SDL
-    if (renderer_) {
+    if (renderer_ != nullptr) {
         SDL_SetRenderVSync(renderer_, Options::rendering.vsync);
     }
 
+    // Reset FPS counter para evitar valores mixtos entre regímenes
+    fps_accumulator_ = 0.0F;
+    fps_frame_count_ = 0;
+
     // Guardar configuració
     Options::saveToFile();
 }

source/core/rendering/sdl_manager.hpp

@@ -13,9 +13,8 @@
 
 class SDLManager {
     public:
-        SDLManager();  // Constructor per defecte (usa Defaults::)
-        SDLManager(int width, int height,
-            bool fullscreen);  // Constructor amb configuració
+        SDLManager();                                        // Constructor per defecte (usa Defaults::)
+        SDLManager(int width, int height, bool fullscreen);  // Constructor amb configuració
         ~SDLManager();
 
         // No permetre còpia ni assignació
@@ -23,12 +22,11 @@ class SDLManager {
         SDLManager& operator=(const SDLManager&) = delete;
 
         // [NUEVO] Gestió de finestra dinàmica
-        void increaseWindowSize();  // F2: +100px
-        void decreaseWindowSize();  // F1: -100px
-        void toggleFullscreen();    // F3
-        void toggleVSync();         // F4
-        bool
-        handleWindowEvent(const SDL_Event& event);  // Per a SDL_EVENT_WINDOW_RESIZED
+        void increaseWindowSize();                       // F2: +100px
+        void decreaseWindowSize();                       // F1: -100px
+        void toggleFullscreen();                         // F3
+        void toggleVSync();                              // F4
+        bool handleWindowEvent(const SDL_Event& event);  // Per a SDL_EVENT_WINDOW_RESIZED
 
         // Funcions principals (renderitzat)
         void neteja(uint8_t r = 0, uint8_t g = 0, uint8_t b = 0);
@@ -42,10 +40,14 @@ class SDLManager {
 
         // Getters
         SDL_Renderer* obte_renderer() { return renderer_; }
+        [[nodiscard]] float getScaleFactor() const { return zoom_factor_; }
 
         // [NUEVO] Actualitzar títol de la finestra
         void setWindowTitle(const std::string& title);
 
+        // [NUEVO] Actualitzar context de renderitzat (factor d'escala global)
+        void updateRenderingContext() const;
+
     private:
         SDL_Window* finestra_;
         SDL_Renderer* renderer_;
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ class SDLManager {
         void applyZoom(float new_zoom);               // Apply zoom and resize window
         void applyWindowSize(int width, int height);  // Canviar mida + centrar
         void updateLogicalPresentation();             // Actualitzar viewport
+        void updateViewport();                        // Configurar viewport amb letterbox
 
         // [NUEVO] Oscil·lador de colors
         Rendering::ColorOscillator color_oscillator_;

source/core/rendering/shape_renderer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// shape_renderer.cpp - Implementació del renderitzat de formes
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "core/rendering/shape_renderer.hpp"
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#include "core/defaults.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/line_renderer.hpp"
+
+namespace Rendering {
+
+// Helper: aplicar rotació 3D a un punt 2D (assumeix Z=0)
+static Punt apply_3d_rotation(float x, float y, const Rotation3D& rot) {
+    float z = 0.0F;  // Tots els punts 2D comencen a Z=0
+
+    // Pitch (rotació eix X): cabeceo arriba/baix
+    float cos_pitch = std::cos(rot.pitch);
+    float sin_pitch = std::sin(rot.pitch);
+    float y1 = (y * cos_pitch) - (z * sin_pitch);
+    float z1 = (y * sin_pitch) + (z * cos_pitch);
+
+    // Yaw (rotació eix Y): guiñada esquerra/dreta
+    float cos_yaw = std::cos(rot.yaw);
+    float sin_yaw = std::sin(rot.yaw);
+    float x2 = (x * cos_yaw) + (z1 * sin_yaw);
+    float z2 = (-x * sin_yaw) + (z1 * cos_yaw);
+
+    // Roll (rotació eix Z): alabeo lateral
+    float cos_roll = std::cos(rot.roll);
+    float sin_roll = std::sin(rot.roll);
+    float x3 = (x2 * cos_roll) - (y1 * sin_roll);
+    float y3 = (x2 * sin_roll) + (y1 * cos_roll);
+
+    // Proyecció perspectiva (Z-divide simple)
+    // Naus volen cap al punt de fuga (320, 240) a "infinit" (Z → +∞)
+    // Z més gran = més lluny = més petit a pantalla
+    constexpr float perspective_factor = 500.0F;
+    float scale_factor = perspective_factor / (perspective_factor + z2);
+
+    return {.x = x3 * scale_factor, .y = y3 * scale_factor};
+}
+
+// Helper: transformar un punt amb rotació, escala i trasllació
+static Punt transform_point(const Punt& point, const Punt& shape_centre, const Punt& posicio, float angle, float escala, const Rotation3D* rotation_3d) {
+    // 1. Centrar el punt respecte al centre de la forma
+    float centered_x = point.x - shape_centre.x;
+    float centered_y = point.y - shape_centre.y;
+
+    // 2. Aplicar rotació 3D (si es proporciona)
+    if ((rotation_3d != nullptr) && rotation_3d->has_rotation()) {
+        Punt rotated_3d = apply_3d_rotation(centered_x, centered_y, *rotation_3d);
+        centered_x = rotated_3d.x;
+        centered_y = rotated_3d.y;
+    }
+
+    // 3. Aplicar escala al punt (després de rotació 3D)
+    float scaled_x = centered_x * escala;
+    float scaled_y = centered_y * escala;
+
+    // 4. Aplicar rotació 2D (Z-axis, tradicional)
+    // IMPORTANT: En el sistema original, angle=0 apunta AMUNT (no dreta)
+    // Per això usem (angle - PI/2) per compensar
+    // Però aquí angle ja ve en el sistema correcte del joc
+    float cos_a = std::cos(angle);
+    float sin_a = std::sin(angle);
+
+    float rotated_x = (scaled_x * cos_a) - (scaled_y * sin_a);
+    float rotated_y = (scaled_x * sin_a) + (scaled_y * cos_a);
+
+    // 5. Aplicar trasllació a posició mundial
+    return {.x = rotated_x + posicio.x, .y = rotated_y + posicio.y};
+}
+
+void render_shape(SDL_Renderer* renderer,
+    const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& shape,
+    const Punt& posicio,
+    float angle,
+    float escala,
+    bool dibuixar,
+    float progress,
+    float brightness,
+    const Rotation3D* rotation_3d) {
+    // Verificar que la forma és vàlida
+    if (!shape || !shape->es_valida()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Si progress < 1.0, no dibuixar (tot o res)
+    if (progress < 1.0F) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Obtenir el centre de la forma per a transformacions
+    const Punt& shape_centre = shape->get_centre();
+
+    // Iterar sobre totes les primitives
+    for (const auto& primitive : shape->get_primitives()) {
+        if (primitive.type == Graphics::PrimitiveType::POLYLINE) {
+            // POLYLINE: connectar punts consecutius
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < primitive.points.size() - 1; i++) {
+                Punt p1 = transform_point(primitive.points[i], shape_centre, posicio, angle, escala, rotation_3d);
+                Punt p2 = transform_point(primitive.points[i + 1], shape_centre, posicio, angle, escala, rotation_3d);
+
+                linea(renderer, static_cast<int>(p1.x), static_cast<int>(p1.y), static_cast<int>(p2.x), static_cast<int>(p2.y), dibuixar, brightness);
+            }
+        } else {  // PrimitiveType::LINE
+            // LINE: exactament 2 punts
+            if (primitive.points.size() >= 2) {
+                Punt p1 = transform_point(primitive.points[0], shape_centre, posicio, angle, escala, rotation_3d);
+                Punt p2 = transform_point(primitive.points[1], shape_centre, posicio, angle, escala, rotation_3d);
+
+                linea(renderer, static_cast<int>(p1.x), static_cast<int>(p1.y), static_cast<int>(p2.x), static_cast<int>(p2.y), dibuixar, brightness);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/rendering/shape_renderer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// shape_renderer.hpp - Renderitzat de formes vectorials
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "core/graphics/shape.hpp"
+#include "core/types.hpp"
+
+namespace Rendering {
+
+// Estructura per rotacions 3D (pitch, yaw, roll)
+struct Rotation3D {
+        float pitch;  // Rotació eix X (cabeceo arriba/baix)
+        float yaw;    // Rotació eix Y (guiñada esquerra/dreta)
+        float roll;   // Rotació eix Z (alabeo lateral)
+
+        Rotation3D()
+            : pitch(0.0F),
+              yaw(0.0F),
+              roll(0.0F) {}
+        Rotation3D(float p, float y, float r)
+            : pitch(p),
+              yaw(y),
+              roll(r) {}
+
+        [[nodiscard]] bool has_rotation() const {
+            return pitch != 0.0F || yaw != 0.0F || roll != 0.0F;
+        }
+};
+
+// Renderitzar forma amb transformacions
+// - renderer: SDL renderer
+// - shape: forma vectorial a dibuixar
+// - posicio: posició del centre en coordenades mundials
+// - angle: rotació en radians (0 = amunt, sentit horari)
+// - escala: factor d'escala (1.0 = mida original)
+// - dibuixar: flag per dibuixar (false per col·lisions futures)
+// - progress: progrés de l'animació (0.0-1.0, default 1.0 = tot visible)
+// - brightness: factor de brillantor (0.0-1.0, default 1.0 = màxima brillantor)
+void render_shape(SDL_Renderer* renderer,
+    const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& shape,
+    const Punt& posicio,
+    float angle,
+    float escala = 1.0F,
+    bool dibuixar = true,
+    float progress = 1.0F,
+    float brightness = 1.0F,
+    const Rotation3D* rotation_3d = nullptr);
+
+}  // namespace Rendering

source/core/resources/resource_helper.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// resource_helper.cpp - Implementació de funcions d'ajuda
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "resource_helper.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "resource_loader.hpp"
+
+namespace Resource::Helper {
+
+// Inicialitzar el sistema de recursos
+bool initializeResourceSystem(const std::string& pack_file, bool fallback) {
+    return Loader::get().initialize(pack_file, fallback);
+}
+
+// Carregar un fitxer
+std::vector<uint8_t> loadFile(const std::string& filepath) {
+    // Normalitzar la ruta
+    std::string normalized = normalizePath(filepath);
+
+    // Carregar del sistema de recursos
+    return Loader::get().loadResource(normalized);
+}
+
+// Comprovar si existeix un fitxer
+bool fileExists(const std::string& filepath) {
+    std::string normalized = normalizePath(filepath);
+    return Loader::get().resourceExists(normalized);
+}
+
+// Obtenir ruta normalitzada per al paquet
+// Elimina prefixos "data/", rutes absolutes, etc.
+std::string getPackPath(const std::string& asset_path) {
+    std::string path = asset_path;
+
+    // Eliminar rutes absolutes (detectar / o C:\ al principi)
+    if (!path.empty() && path[0] == '/') {
+        // Buscar "data/" i agafar el que ve després
+        size_t data_pos = path.find("/data/");
+        if (data_pos != std::string::npos) {
+            path = path.substr(data_pos + 6);  // Saltar "/data/"
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Eliminar "./" i "../" del principi
+    while (path.starts_with("./")) {
+        path = path.substr(2);
+    }
+    while (path.starts_with("../")) {
+        path = path.substr(3);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminar "data/" del principi
+    if (path.starts_with("data/")) {
+        path = path.substr(5);
+    }
+
+    // Eliminar "Resources/" (macOS bundles)
+    if (path.starts_with("Resources/")) {
+        path = path.substr(10);
+    }
+
+    // Convertir barres invertides a normals
+    std::ranges::replace(path, '\\', '/');
+
+    return path;
+}
+
+// Normalitzar ruta (alias de getPackPath)
+std::string normalizePath(const std::string& path) {
+    return getPackPath(path);
+}
+
+// Comprovar si hi ha paquet carregat
+bool isPackLoaded() {
+    return Loader::get().isPackLoaded();
+}
+
+}  // namespace Resource::Helper

source/core/resources/resource_helper.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// resource_helper.hpp - Funcions d'ajuda per gestió de recursos
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+// API simplificada i normalització de rutes
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace Resource::Helper {
+
+// Inicialització del sistema
+bool initializeResourceSystem(const std::string& pack_file, bool fallback);
+
+// Càrrega de fitxers
+std::vector<uint8_t> loadFile(const std::string& filepath);
+bool fileExists(const std::string& filepath);
+
+// Normalització de rutes
+std::string getPackPath(const std::string& asset_path);
+std::string normalizePath(const std::string& path);
+
+// Estat
+bool isPackLoaded();
+
+}  // namespace Resource::Helper

source/core/resources/resource_loader.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// resource_loader.cpp - Implementació del carregador de recursos
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "resource_loader.hpp"
+
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace Resource {
+
+// Singleton
+Loader& Loader::get() {
+    static Loader instance;
+    return instance;
+}
+
+// Inicialitzar el sistema de recursos
+bool Loader::initialize(const std::string& pack_file, bool enable_fallback) {
+    fallback_enabled_ = enable_fallback;
+
+    // Intentar carregar el paquet
+    pack_ = std::make_unique<Pack>();
+
+    if (!pack_->loadPack(pack_file)) {
+        if (!fallback_enabled_) {
+            std::cerr << "[ResourceLoader] ERROR FATAL: No es pot carregar " << pack_file
+                      << " i el fallback està desactivat\n";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        std::cout << "[ResourceLoader] Paquet no trobat, usant fallback al sistema de fitxers\n";
+        pack_.reset();  // No hi ha paquet
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[ResourceLoader] Paquet carregat: " << pack_file << "\n";
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Carregar un recurs
+std::vector<uint8_t> Loader::loadResource(const std::string& filename) {
+    // Intentar carregar del paquet primer
+    if (pack_) {
+        if (pack_->hasResource(filename)) {
+            auto data = pack_->getResource(filename);
+            if (!data.empty()) {
+                return data;
+            }
+            std::cerr << "[ResourceLoader] Advertència: recurs buit al paquet: " << filename
+                      << "\n";
+        }
+
+        // Si no està al paquet i no hi ha fallback, falla
+        if (!fallback_enabled_) {
+            std::cerr << "[ResourceLoader] ERROR: Recurs no trobat al paquet i fallback desactivat: "
+                      << filename << "\n";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Fallback al sistema de fitxers
+    if (fallback_enabled_) {
+        return loadFromFilesystem(filename);
+    }
+
+    return {};
+}
+
+// Comprovar si existeix un recurs
+bool Loader::resourceExists(const std::string& filename) {
+    // Comprovar al paquet
+    if (pack_ && pack_->hasResource(filename)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Comprovar al sistema de fitxers si està activat el fallback
+    if (fallback_enabled_) {
+        std::string fullpath = base_path_.empty() ? "data/" + filename : base_path_ + "/data/" + filename;
+        return std::filesystem::exists(fullpath);
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+// Validar el paquet
+bool Loader::validatePack() {
+    if (!pack_) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourceLoader] Advertència: no hi ha paquet carregat per validar\n";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return pack_->validatePack();
+}
+
+// Comprovar si hi ha paquet carregat
+bool Loader::isPackLoaded() const {
+    return pack_ != nullptr;
+}
+
+// Establir la ruta base
+void Loader::setBasePath(const std::string& path) {
+    base_path_ = path;
+    std::cout << "[ResourceLoader] Ruta base establerta: " << base_path_ << "\n";
+}
+
+// Obtenir la ruta base
+std::string Loader::getBasePath() const {
+    return base_path_;
+}
+
+// Carregar des del sistema de fitxers (fallback)
+std::vector<uint8_t> Loader::loadFromFilesystem(const std::string& filename) {
+    // The filename is already normalized (e.g., "shapes/logo/letra_j.shp")
+    // We need to prepend base_path + "data/"
+    std::string fullpath;
+
+    if (base_path_.empty()) {
+        fullpath = "data/" + filename;
+    } else {
+        fullpath = base_path_ + "/data/" + filename;
+    }
+
+    std::ifstream file(fullpath, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
+    if (!file) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourceLoader] Error: no es pot obrir " << fullpath << "\n";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    std::streamsize file_size = file.tellg();
+    file.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data(file_size);
+    if (!file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(data.data()), file_size)) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourceLoader] Error: no es pot llegir " << fullpath << "\n";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[ResourceLoader] Carregat des del sistema de fitxers: " << fullpath << "\n";
+    return data;
+}
+
+}  // namespace Resource

source/core/resources/resource_loader.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// resource_loader.hpp - Carregador de recursos (Singleton)
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+// Coordina càrrega des del paquet i/o sistema de fitxers
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "resource_pack.hpp"
+
+namespace Resource {
+
+// Singleton per gestionar la càrrega de recursos
+class Loader {
+    public:
+        // Singleton
+        static Loader& get();
+
+        // Inicialització
+        bool initialize(const std::string& pack_file, bool enable_fallback);
+
+        // Càrrega de recursos
+        std::vector<uint8_t> loadResource(const std::string& filename);
+        bool resourceExists(const std::string& filename);
+
+        // Validació
+        bool validatePack();
+        [[nodiscard]] bool isPackLoaded() const;
+
+        // Estat
+        void setBasePath(const std::string& path);
+        [[nodiscard]] std::string getBasePath() const;
+
+        // No es pot copiar ni moure
+        Loader(const Loader&) = delete;
+        Loader& operator=(const Loader&) = delete;
+
+    private:
+        Loader() = default;
+        ~Loader() = default;
+
+        // Dades
+        std::unique_ptr<Pack> pack_;
+        bool fallback_enabled_ = false;
+        std::string base_path_;
+
+        // Funcions auxiliars
+        std::vector<uint8_t> loadFromFilesystem(const std::string& filename);
+};
+
+}  // namespace Resource

source/core/resources/resource_pack.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+// resource_pack.cpp - Implementació del sistema d'empaquetament
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "resource_pack.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace Resource {
+
+// Calcular checksum CRC32 simplificat
+uint32_t Pack::calculateChecksum(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data) const {
+    uint32_t checksum = 0x12345678;
+    for (unsigned char byte : data) {
+        checksum = ((checksum << 5) + checksum) + byte;
+    }
+    return checksum;
+}
+
+// Encriptació XOR (simètrica)
+void Pack::encryptData(std::vector<uint8_t>& data, const std::string& key) {
+    if (key.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < data.size(); ++i) {
+        data[i] ^= key[i % key.length()];
+    }
+}
+
+void Pack::decryptData(std::vector<uint8_t>& data, const std::string& key) {
+    // XOR és simètric
+    encryptData(data, key);
+}
+
+// Llegir fitxer complet a memòria
+std::vector<uint8_t> Pack::readFile(const std::string& filepath) {
+    std::ifstream file(filepath, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
+    if (!file) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: no es pot obrir " << filepath << '\n';
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    std::streamsize file_size = file.tellg();
+    file.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data(file_size);
+    if (!file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(data.data()), file_size)) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: no es pot llegir " << filepath << '\n';
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    return data;
+}
+
+// Afegir un fitxer individual al paquet
+bool Pack::addFile(const std::string& filepath, const std::string& pack_name) {
+    auto file_data = readFile(filepath);
+    if (file_data.empty()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    ResourceEntry entry{
+        .filename = pack_name,
+        .offset = data_.size(),
+        .size = file_data.size(),
+        .checksum = calculateChecksum(file_data)};
+
+    // Afegir dades al bloc de dades
+    data_.insert(data_.end(), file_data.begin(), file_data.end());
+
+    resources_[pack_name] = entry;
+
+    std::cout << "[ResourcePack] Afegit: " << pack_name << " (" << file_data.size()
+              << " bytes)\n";
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Afegir tots els fitxers d'un directori recursivament
+bool Pack::addDirectory(const std::string& dir_path,
+    const std::string& base_path) {
+    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
+
+    if (!fs::exists(dir_path) || !fs::is_directory(dir_path)) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: directori no trobat: " << dir_path << '\n';
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string current_base = base_path.empty() ? "" : base_path + "/";
+
+    for (const auto& entry : fs::recursive_directory_iterator(dir_path)) {
+        if (!entry.is_regular_file()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::string full_path = entry.path().string();
+        std::string relative_path = entry.path().lexically_relative(dir_path).string();
+
+        // Convertir barres invertides a normals (Windows)
+        std::ranges::replace(relative_path, '\\', '/');
+
+        // Saltar fitxers de desenvolupament
+        if (relative_path.find(".world") != std::string::npos ||
+            relative_path.find(".tsx") != std::string::npos ||
+            relative_path.find(".DS_Store") != std::string::npos ||
+            relative_path.find(".git") != std::string::npos) {
+            std::cout << "[ResourcePack] Saltant: " << relative_path << '\n';
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::string pack_name = current_base + relative_path;
+        addFile(full_path, pack_name);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Guardar paquet a disc
+bool Pack::savePack(const std::string& pack_file) {
+    std::ofstream file(pack_file, std::ios::binary);
+    if (!file) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: no es pot crear " << pack_file << '\n';
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Escriure capçalera
+    file.write(MAGIC_HEADER, 4);
+    file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&VERSION), sizeof(VERSION));
+
+    // Escriure nombre de recursos
+    auto resource_count = static_cast<uint32_t>(resources_.size());
+    file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&resource_count), sizeof(resource_count));
+
+    // Escriure metadades de recursos
+    for (const auto& [name, entry] : resources_) {
+        // Nom del fitxer
+        auto name_len = static_cast<uint32_t>(entry.filename.length());
+        file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&name_len), sizeof(name_len));
+        file.write(entry.filename.c_str(), name_len);
+
+        // Offset, mida, checksum
+        file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&entry.offset), sizeof(entry.offset));
+        file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&entry.size), sizeof(entry.size));
+        file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&entry.checksum), sizeof(entry.checksum));
+    }
+
+    // Encriptar dades
+    std::vector<uint8_t> encrypted_data = data_;
+    encryptData(encrypted_data, DEFAULT_ENCRYPT_KEY);
+
+    // Escriure mida de dades i dades encriptades
+    auto data_size = static_cast<uint64_t>(encrypted_data.size());
+    file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&data_size), sizeof(data_size));
+    file.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(encrypted_data.data()), encrypted_data.size());
+
+    std::cout << "[ResourcePack] Guardat: " << pack_file << " (" << resources_.size()
+              << " recursos, " << data_size << " bytes)\n";
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Carregar paquet des de disc
+bool Pack::loadPack(const std::string& pack_file) {
+    std::ifstream file(pack_file, std::ios::binary);
+    if (!file) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: no es pot obrir " << pack_file << '\n';
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Llegir capçalera
+    char magic[4];
+    file.read(magic, 4);
+    if (std::string(magic, 4) != MAGIC_HEADER) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: capçalera invàlida (esperava " << MAGIC_HEADER
+                  << ")\n";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t version;
+    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&version), sizeof(version));
+    if (version != VERSION) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: versió incompatible (esperava " << VERSION
+                  << ", trobat " << version << ")\n";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Llegir nombre de recursos
+    uint32_t resource_count;
+    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&resource_count), sizeof(resource_count));
+
+    // Llegir metadades de recursos
+    resources_.clear();
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < resource_count; ++i) {
+        // Nom del fitxer
+        uint32_t name_len;
+        file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&name_len), sizeof(name_len));
+
+        std::string filename(name_len, '\0');
+        file.read(filename.data(), name_len);
+
+        // Offset, mida, checksum
+        ResourceEntry entry;
+        entry.filename = filename;
+        file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&entry.offset), sizeof(entry.offset));
+        file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&entry.size), sizeof(entry.size));
+        file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&entry.checksum), sizeof(entry.checksum));
+
+        resources_[filename] = entry;
+    }
+
+    // Llegir dades encriptades
+    uint64_t data_size;
+    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&data_size), sizeof(data_size));
+
+    data_.resize(data_size);
+    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(data_.data()), data_size);
+
+    // Desencriptar
+    decryptData(data_, DEFAULT_ENCRYPT_KEY);
+
+    std::cout << "[ResourcePack] Carregat: " << pack_file << " (" << resources_.size()
+              << " recursos)\n";
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Obtenir un recurs del paquet
+std::vector<uint8_t> Pack::getResource(const std::string& filename) {
+    auto it = resources_.find(filename);
+    if (it == resources_.end()) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: recurs no trobat: " << filename << '\n';
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    const auto& entry = it->second;
+
+    // Extreure dades
+    if (entry.offset + entry.size > data_.size()) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error: offset/mida invàlid per " << filename << '\n';
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> resource_data(data_.begin() + entry.offset,
+        data_.begin() + entry.offset + entry.size);
+
+    // Verificar checksum
+    uint32_t computed_checksum = calculateChecksum(resource_data);
+    if (computed_checksum != entry.checksum) {
+        std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] ADVERTÈNCIA: checksum invàlid per " << filename
+                  << " (esperat " << entry.checksum << ", calculat " << computed_checksum
+                  << ")\n";
+        // No falla, però adverteix
+    }
+
+    return resource_data;
+}
+
+// Comprovar si existeix un recurs
+bool Pack::hasResource(const std::string& filename) const {
+    return resources_.contains(filename);
+}
+
+// Obtenir llista de tots els recursos
+std::vector<std::string> Pack::getResourceList() const {
+    std::vector<std::string> list;
+    list.reserve(resources_.size());
+
+    for (const auto& [name, entry] : resources_) {
+        list.push_back(name);
+    }
+
+    std::ranges::sort(list);
+    return list;
+}
+
+// Validar integritat del paquet
+bool Pack::validatePack() const {
+    bool valid = true;
+
+    for (const auto& [name, entry] : resources_) {
+        // Verificar offset i mida
+        if (entry.offset + entry.size > data_.size()) {
+            std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error de validació: " << name
+                      << " té offset/mida invàlid\n";
+            valid = false;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Extreure i verificar checksum
+        std::vector<uint8_t> resource_data(data_.begin() + entry.offset,
+            data_.begin() + entry.offset + entry.size);
+
+        uint32_t computed_checksum = calculateChecksum(resource_data);
+        if (computed_checksum != entry.checksum) {
+            std::cerr << "[ResourcePack] Error de validació: " << name
+                      << " té checksum invàlid\n";
+            valid = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (valid) {
+        std::cout << "[ResourcePack] Validació OK (" << resources_.size() << " recursos)\n";
+    }
+
+    return valid;
+}
+
+}  // namespace Resource

source/core/resources/resource_pack.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// resource_pack.hpp - Sistema d'empaquetament de recursos
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+// Basat en el sistema de "pollo" amb adaptacions per Orni Attack
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace Resource {
+
+// Capçalera del fitxer de paquet
+struct PackHeader {
+        char magic[4];     // "ORNI"
+        uint32_t version;  // Versió del format (1)
+};
+
+// Entrada de recurs dins el paquet
+struct ResourceEntry {
+        std::string filename;  // Nom del recurs (amb barres normals)
+        uint64_t offset;       // Posició dins el bloc de dades
+        uint64_t size;         // Mida en bytes
+        uint32_t checksum;     // Checksum CRC32 per verificació
+};
+
+// Classe principal per gestionar paquets de recursos
+class Pack {
+    public:
+        Pack() = default;
+        ~Pack() = default;
+
+        // Afegir fitxers al paquet
+        bool addFile(const std::string& filepath, const std::string& pack_name);
+        bool addDirectory(const std::string& dir_path, const std::string& base_path = "");
+
+        // Guardar i carregar paquets
+        bool savePack(const std::string& pack_file);
+        bool loadPack(const std::string& pack_file);
+
+        // Accés a recursos
+        std::vector<uint8_t> getResource(const std::string& filename);
+        [[nodiscard]] bool hasResource(const std::string& filename) const;
+        [[nodiscard]] std::vector<std::string> getResourceList() const;
+
+        // Validació
+        [[nodiscard]] bool validatePack() const;
+
+    private:
+        // Constants
+        static constexpr const char* MAGIC_HEADER = "ORNI";
+        static constexpr uint32_t VERSION = 1;
+        static constexpr const char* DEFAULT_ENCRYPT_KEY = "ORNI_RESOURCES_2025";
+
+        // Dades del paquet
+        std::unordered_map<std::string, ResourceEntry> resources_;
+        std::vector<uint8_t> data_;
+
+        // Funcions auxiliars
+        std::vector<uint8_t> readFile(const std::string& filepath);
+        [[nodiscard]] uint32_t calculateChecksum(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data) const;
+        void encryptData(std::vector<uint8_t>& data, const std::string& key);
+        void decryptData(std::vector<uint8_t>& data, const std::string& key);
+};
+
+}  // namespace Resource

source/core/system/context_escenes.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// context_escenes.hpp - Sistema de gestió d'escenes i context de transicions
+// © 2025 Port a C++20
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core/system/game_config.hpp"
+
+namespace GestorEscenes {
+
+// Context de transició entre escenes
+// Conté l'escena destinació i opcions específiques per aquella escena
+class ContextEscenes {
+    public:
+        // Tipus d'escena del joc
+        enum class Escena {
+            LOGO,   // Pantalla d'inici (logo JAILGAMES)
+            TITOL,  // Pantalla de títol amb menú
+            JOC,    // Joc principal (Asteroids)
+            EIXIR   // Sortir del programa
+        };
+
+        // Opcions específiques per a cada escena
+        enum class Opcio {
+            NONE,                // Sense opcions especials (comportament per defecte)
+            JUMP_TO_TITLE_MAIN,  // TITOL: Saltar directament a MAIN (starfield instantani)
+            // MODE_DEMO,           // JOC: Mode demostració amb IA (futur)
+        };
+
+        // Constructor inicial amb escena LOGO i sense opcions
+        ContextEscenes() = default;
+
+        // Canviar escena amb opció específica
+        void canviar_escena(Escena nova_escena, Opcio opcio = Opcio::NONE) {
+            escena_desti_ = nova_escena;
+            opcio_ = opcio;
+        }
+
+        // Consultar escena destinació
+        [[nodiscard]] auto escena_desti() const -> Escena {
+            return escena_desti_;
+        }
+
+        // Consultar opció actual
+        [[nodiscard]] auto opcio() const -> Opcio {
+            return opcio_;
+        }
+
+        // Consumir opció (retorna valor i reseteja a NONE)
+        // Utilitzar quan l'escena processa l'opció
+        [[nodiscard]] auto consumir_opcio() -> Opcio {
+            Opcio valor = opcio_;
+            opcio_ = Opcio::NONE;
+            return valor;
+        }
+
+        // Reset opció a NONE (sense retornar valor)
+        void reset_opcio() {
+            opcio_ = Opcio::NONE;
+        }
+
+        // Configurar partida abans de transicionar a JOC
+        void set_config_partida(const GameConfig::ConfigPartida& config) {
+            config_partida_ = config;
+        }
+
+        // Obtenir configuració de partida (consumit per EscenaJoc)
+        [[nodiscard]] const GameConfig::ConfigPartida& get_config_partida() const {
+            return config_partida_;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        Escena escena_desti_{Escena::LOGO};         // Escena a la qual transicionar
+        Opcio opcio_{Opcio::NONE};                  // Opció específica per l'escena
+        GameConfig::ConfigPartida config_partida_;  // Configuració de partida (jugadors actius, mode)
+};
+
+// Variable global inline per gestionar l'escena actual (backward compatibility)
+// Sincronitzada amb context.escena_desti() pel Director
+inline ContextEscenes::Escena actual = ContextEscenes::Escena::LOGO;
+
+}  // namespace GestorEscenes

source/core/system/director.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+#include "director.hpp"
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "context_escenes.hpp"
+#include "core/audio/audio.hpp"
+#include "core/audio/audio_cache.hpp"
+#include "core/defaults.hpp"
+#include "core/input/input.hpp"
+#include "core/input/mouse.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/sdl_manager.hpp"
+#include "core/resources/resource_helper.hpp"
+#include "core/resources/resource_loader.hpp"
+#include "core/utils/path_utils.hpp"
+#include "game/escenes/escena_joc.hpp"
+#include "game/escenes/escena_logo.hpp"
+#include "game/escenes/escena_titol.hpp"
+#include "game/options.hpp"
+#include "project.h"
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+// Using declarations per simplificar el codi
+using GestorEscenes::ContextEscenes;
+using Escena = ContextEscenes::Escena;
+
+// Constructor
+Director::Director(std::vector<std::string> const& args) {
+    std::cout << "Orni Attack - Inici\n";
+
+    // Inicialitzar opcions amb valors per defecte
+    Options::init();
+
+    // Comprovar arguments del programa
+    executable_path_ = checkProgramArguments(args);
+
+    // Inicialitzar sistema de rutes
+    Utils::initializePathSystem(args[0].c_str());
+
+    // Obtenir ruta base dels recursos
+    std::string resource_base = Utils::getResourceBasePath();
+
+    // Inicialitzar sistema de recursos
+#ifdef RELEASE_BUILD
+    // Mode release: paquet obligatori, sense fallback
+    std::string pack_path = resource_base + "/resources.pack";
+    if (!Resource::Helper::initializeResourceSystem(pack_path, false)) {
+        std::cerr << "ERROR FATAL: No es pot carregar " << pack_path << "\n";
+        std::cerr << "El joc no pot continuar sense els recursos.\n";
+        std::exit(1);
+    }
+
+    // Validar integritat del paquet
+    if (!Resource::Loader::get().validatePack()) {
+        std::cerr << "ERROR FATAL: El paquet de recursos està corromput\n";
+        std::exit(1);
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "Sistema de recursos inicialitzat (mode release)\n";
+#else
+    // Mode desenvolupament: intentar paquet amb fallback a data/
+    std::string pack_path = resource_base + "/resources.pack";
+    Resource::Helper::initializeResourceSystem(pack_path, true);
+
+    if (Resource::Helper::isPackLoaded()) {
+        std::cout << "Sistema de recursos inicialitzat (mode dev amb paquet)\n";
+    } else {
+        std::cout << "Sistema de recursos inicialitzat (mode dev, fallback a data/)\n";
+    }
+
+    // Establir ruta base per al fallback
+    Resource::Loader::get().setBasePath(resource_base);
+#endif
+
+    // Crear carpetes del sistema
+    createSystemFolder("jailgames");
+    createSystemFolder(std::string("jailgames/") + Project::NAME);
+
+    // Establir ruta del fitxer de configuració
+    Options::setConfigFile(system_folder_ + "/config.yaml");
+
+    // Carregar o crear configuració
+    Options::loadFromFile();
+
+    // Inicialitzar sistema d'input
+    Input::init("data/gamecontrollerdb.txt");
+
+    // Aplicar configuració de controls dels jugadors
+    Input::get()->applyPlayer1BindingsFromOptions();
+    Input::get()->applyPlayer2BindingsFromOptions();
+
+    if (Options::console) {
+        std::cout << "Configuració carregada\n";
+        std::cout << "  Finestra: " << Options::window.width << "×"
+                  << Options::window.height << '\n';
+        std::cout << "  Física: rotation=" << Options::physics.rotation_speed
+                  << " rad/s\n";
+        std::cout << "  Input: " << Input::get()->getNumGamepads()
+                  << " gamepad(s) detectat(s)\n";
+    }
+
+    std::cout << '\n';
+}
+
+Director::~Director() {
+    // Guardar opcions
+    Options::saveToFile();
+
+    // Cleanup input
+    Input::destroy();
+
+    // Cleanup audio
+    Audio::destroy();
+
+    // Cleanup SDL
+    SDL_Quit();
+
+    std::cout << "\nAdéu!\n";
+}
+
+// Comprovar arguments del programa
+auto Director::checkProgramArguments(std::vector<std::string> const& args)
+    -> std::string {
+    for (std::size_t i = 1; i < args.size(); ++i) {
+        const std::string& argument = args[i];
+
+        if (argument == "--console") {
+            Options::console = true;
+            std::cout << "Mode consola activat\n";
+        } else if (argument == "--reset-config") {
+            Options::init();
+            Options::saveToFile();
+            std::cout << "Configuració restablida als valors per defecte\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+    return args[0];  // Retornar ruta de l'executable
+}
+
+// Crear carpeta del sistema (específic per plataforma)
+void Director::createSystemFolder(const std::string& folder) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    system_folder_ = std::string(getenv("APPDATA")) + "/" + folder;
+#elif __APPLE__
+    struct passwd* pw = getpwuid(getuid());
+    const char* homedir = pw->pw_dir;
+    system_folder_ =
+        std::string(homedir) + "/Library/Application Support/" + folder;
+#elif __linux__
+    struct passwd* pw = getpwuid(getuid());
+    const char* homedir = pw->pw_dir;
+    system_folder_ = std::string(homedir) + "/.config/" + folder;
+
+    // CRÍTIC: Crear ~/.config si no existeix
+    {
+        std::string config_base_folder = std::string(homedir) + "/.config";
+        int ret = mkdir(config_base_folder.c_str(), S_IRWXU);
+        if (ret == -1 && errno != EEXIST) {
+            printf("ERROR: No es pot crear la carpeta ~/.config\n");
+            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Comprovar si la carpeta existeix
+    struct stat st = {.st_dev = 0};
+    if (stat(system_folder_.c_str(), &st) == -1) {
+        errno = 0;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        int ret = mkdir(system_folder_.c_str());
+#else
+        int ret = mkdir(system_folder_.c_str(), S_IRWXU);
+#endif
+
+        if (ret == -1) {
+            switch (errno) {
+                case EACCES:
+                    printf("ERROR: Permisos denegats creant %s\n", system_folder_.c_str());
+                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+
+                case EEXIST:
+                    // La carpeta ja existeix (race condition), continuar
+                    break;
+
+                case ENAMETOOLONG:
+                    printf("ERROR: Ruta massa llarga: %s\n", system_folder_.c_str());
+                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+
+                default:
+                    perror("mkdir");
+                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (Options::console) {
+        std::cout << "Carpeta del sistema: " << system_folder_ << '\n';
+    }
+}
+
+// Bucle principal del joc
+auto Director::run() -> int {
+    // Calculate initial size from saved zoom_factor
+    int initial_width = static_cast<int>(std::round(
+        Defaults::Window::WIDTH * Options::window.zoom_factor));
+    int initial_height = static_cast<int>(std::round(
+        Defaults::Window::HEIGHT * Options::window.zoom_factor));
+
+    // Crear gestor SDL amb configuració de Options
+    SDLManager sdl(initial_width, initial_height, Options::window.fullscreen);
+
+    // CRÍTIC: Forçar ocultació del cursor DESPRÉS de tota la inicialització SDL
+    // Això evita que SDL mostre el cursor automàticament durant la creació de la finestra
+    if (!Options::window.fullscreen) {
+        Mouse::forceHide();
+    }
+
+    // Inicialitzar sistema d'audio
+    Audio::init();
+    Audio::get()->setMusicVolume(1.0);
+    Audio::get()->setSoundVolume(0.4);
+
+    // Precachejar música per evitar lag al començar
+    AudioCache::getMusic("title.ogg");
+    AudioCache::getMusic("game.ogg");
+    if (Options::console) {
+        std::cout << "Música precachejada: "
+                  << AudioCache::getMusicCacheSize() << " fitxers\n";
+    }
+
+    // Crear context d'escenes
+    ContextEscenes context;
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+    context.canviar_escena(Escena::TITOL);
+#else
+    context.canviar_escena(Escena::LOGO);
+#endif
+
+    // Bucle principal de gestió d'escenes
+    while (context.escena_desti() != Escena::EIXIR) {
+        // Sincronitzar GestorEscenes::actual amb context
+        // (altres sistemes encara poden llegir GestorEscenes::actual)
+        GestorEscenes::actual = context.escena_desti();
+
+        switch (context.escena_desti()) {
+            case Escena::LOGO: {
+                EscenaLogo logo(sdl, context);
+                logo.executar();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case Escena::TITOL: {
+                EscenaTitol titol(sdl, context);
+                titol.executar();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case Escena::JOC: {
+                EscenaJoc joc(sdl, context);
+                joc.executar();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            default:
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Sincronitzar final amb GestorEscenes::actual
+    GestorEscenes::actual = Escena::EIXIR;
+
+    return 0;
+}

source/core/system/director.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+class Director {
+    public:
+        explicit Director(std::vector<std::string> const& args);
+        ~Director();
+
+        auto run() -> int;  // Main game loop
+
+    private:
+        std::string executable_path_;
+        std::string system_folder_;
+
+        static auto checkProgramArguments(std::vector<std::string> const& args)
+            -> std::string;
+        void createSystemFolder(const std::string& folder);
+};

source/core/system/game_config.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace GameConfig {
+
+// Mode de joc
+enum class Mode {
+    NORMAL,  // Partida normal
+    DEMO     // Mode demostració (futur)
+};
+
+// Configuració d'una partida
+struct ConfigPartida {
+        bool jugador1_actiu{false};  // És actiu el jugador 1?
+        bool jugador2_actiu{false};  // És actiu el jugador 2?
+        Mode mode{Mode::NORMAL};     // Mode de joc
+
+        // Mètodes auxiliars
+
+        // Retorna true si només hi ha un jugador actiu
+        [[nodiscard]] bool es_un_jugador() const {
+            return (jugador1_actiu && !jugador2_actiu) ||
+                (!jugador1_actiu && jugador2_actiu);
+        }
+
+        // Retorna true si hi ha dos jugadors actius
+        [[nodiscard]] bool son_dos_jugadors() const {
+            return jugador1_actiu && jugador2_actiu;
+        }
+
+        // Retorna true si no hi ha cap jugador actiu
+        [[nodiscard]] bool cap_jugador() const {
+            return !jugador1_actiu && !jugador2_actiu;
+        }
+
+        // Compte de jugadors actius (0, 1 o 2)
+        [[nodiscard]] uint8_t compte_jugadors() const {
+            return (jugador1_actiu ? 1 : 0) + (jugador2_actiu ? 1 : 0);
+        }
+
+        // Retorna l'ID de l'únic jugador actiu (0 o 1)
+        // Només vàlid si es_un_jugador() retorna true
+        [[nodiscard]] uint8_t id_unic_jugador() const {
+            if (jugador1_actiu && !jugador2_actiu) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            if (!jugador1_actiu && jugador2_actiu) {
+                return 1;
+            }
+            return 0;  // Fallback (cal comprovar es_un_jugador() primer)
+        }
+};
+
+}  // namespace GameConfig

source/core/system/global_events.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// global_events.cpp - Implementació dels events globals
+// © 2025 Port a C++20
+
+#include "global_events.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "context_escenes.hpp"
+#include "core/input/input.hpp"
+#include "core/input/mouse.hpp"
+#include "core/rendering/sdl_manager.hpp"
+
+// Using declarations per simplificar el codi
+using GestorEscenes::ContextEscenes;
+using Escena = ContextEscenes::Escena;
+
+namespace GlobalEvents {
+
+bool handle(const SDL_Event& event, SDLManager& sdl, ContextEscenes& context) {
+    // 1. Permitir que Input procese el evento (para hotplug de gamepads)
+    auto event_msg = Input::get()->handleEvent(event);
+    if (!event_msg.empty()) {
+        std::cout << "[Input] " << event_msg << '\n';
+    }
+
+    // 2. Procesar SDL_EVENT_QUIT directamente (no es input de juego)
+    if (event.type == SDL_EVENT_QUIT) {
+        context.canviar_escena(Escena::EIXIR);
+        GestorEscenes::actual = Escena::EIXIR;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // 3. Gestió del ratolí (auto-ocultar)
+    Mouse::handleEvent(event);
+
+    // 4. Procesar acciones globales directamente desde eventos SDL
+    // (NO usar Input::checkAction() para evitar desfase de timing)
+    if (event.type == SDL_EVENT_KEY_DOWN) {
+        switch (event.key.scancode) {
+            case SDL_SCANCODE_F1:
+                sdl.decreaseWindowSize();
+                return true;
+
+            case SDL_SCANCODE_F2:
+                sdl.increaseWindowSize();
+                return true;
+
+            case SDL_SCANCODE_F3:
+                sdl.toggleFullscreen();
+                return true;
+
+            case SDL_SCANCODE_F4:
+                sdl.toggleVSync();
+                return true;
+
+            case SDL_SCANCODE_ESCAPE:
+                context.canviar_escena(Escena::EIXIR);
+                GestorEscenes::actual = Escena::EIXIR;
+                return true;
+
+            default:
+                // Tecla no global
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return false;  // Event no processat
+}
+
+}  // namespace GlobalEvents

source/core/system/global_events.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// global_events.hpp - Events globals del joc
+// Basat en el patró del projecte "pollo"
+// © 2025 Port a C++20
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+// Forward declarations
+class SDLManager;
+namespace GestorEscenes {
+class ContextEscenes;
+}
+
+namespace GlobalEvents {
+// Processa events globals (F1/F2/F3/ESC/QUIT)
+// Retorna true si l'event ha estat processat i no cal seguir processant-lo
+bool handle(const SDL_Event& event, SDLManager& sdl, GestorEscenes::ContextEscenes& context);
+}  // namespace GlobalEvents

source/core/types.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include "core/defaults.hpp"
+
+// Punt polar (coordenades polars)
+struct IPunt {
+        float r;      // Radi
+        float angle;  // Angle en radians
+};
+
+// Punt cartesià
+struct Punt {
+        float x, y;
+};
+
+// ==============================================================================
+// DEPRECATED: Legacy types (replaced by Shape system)
+// ==============================================================================
+// These types are kept temporarily for chatarra_cosmica_ (Phase 10: explosions)
+// TODO Phase 10: Replace with particle system or remove completely
+
+// Nau (triangle) - DEPRECATED: Now using Shape system (ship.shp)
+struct Triangle {
+        IPunt p1, p2, p3;
+        Punt centre;
+        float angle;
+        float velocitat;
+};
+
+// Polígon (enemics i bales) - DEPRECATED: Now using Shape system (.shp files)
+struct Poligon {
+        std::array<IPunt, Defaults::Entities::MAX_IPUNTS> ipuntx;
+        Punt centre;
+        float angle;
+        float velocitat;
+        uint8_t n;
+        float drotacio;
+        float rotacio;
+        bool esta;
+};

source/core/utils/path_utils.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// path_utils.cpp - Implementació de utilitats de rutes
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+
+#include "path_utils.hpp"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace Utils {
+
+// Variables globals per guardar argv[0]
+static std::string executable_path_;
+static std::string executable_directory_;
+
+// Inicialitzar el sistema de rutes amb argv[0]
+void initializePathSystem(const char* argv0) {
+    if (argv0 == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "[PathUtils] ADVERTÈNCIA: argv[0] és nullptr\n";
+        executable_path_ = "";
+        executable_directory_ = ".";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    executable_path_ = argv0;
+
+    // Extreure el directori
+    std::filesystem::path path(argv0);
+    executable_directory_ = path.parent_path().string();
+
+    if (executable_directory_.empty()) {
+        executable_directory_ = ".";
+    }
+
+    std::cout << "[PathUtils] Executable: " << executable_path_ << "\n";
+    std::cout << "[PathUtils] Directori: " << executable_directory_ << "\n";
+}
+
+// Obtenir el directori de l'executable
+std::string getExecutableDirectory() {
+    if (executable_directory_.empty()) {
+        std::cerr << "[PathUtils] ADVERTÈNCIA: Sistema de rutes no inicialitzat\n";
+        return ".";
+    }
+    return executable_directory_;
+}
+
+// Detectar si estem dins un bundle de macOS
+bool isMacOSBundle() {
+#ifdef MACOS_BUNDLE
+    return true;
+#else
+    // Detecció en temps d'execució
+    // Cercar ".app/Contents/MacOS" a la ruta de l'executable
+    std::string exe_dir = getExecutableDirectory();
+    return exe_dir.find(".app/Contents/MacOS") != std::string::npos;
+#endif
+}
+
+// Obtenir la ruta base dels recursos
+std::string getResourceBasePath() {
+    std::string exe_dir = getExecutableDirectory();
+
+    if (isMacOSBundle()) {
+        // Bundle de macOS: recursos a ../Resources des de MacOS/
+        std::cout << "[PathUtils] Detectat bundle de macOS\n";
+        return exe_dir + "/../Resources";
+    }  // Executable normal: recursos al mateix directori
+    return exe_dir;
+}
+
+// Normalitzar ruta (convertir barres, etc.)
+std::string normalizePath(const std::string& path) {
+    std::string normalized = path;
+
+    // Convertir barres invertides a normals
+    std::ranges::replace(normalized, '\\', '/');
+
+    // Simplificar rutes amb filesystem
+    try {
+        std::filesystem::path fs_path(normalized);
+        normalized = fs_path.lexically_normal().string();
+    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+        std::cerr << "[PathUtils] Error normalitzant ruta: " << e.what() << "\n";
+    }
+
+    return normalized;
+}
+
+}  // namespace Utils

source/core/utils/path_utils.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// path_utils.hpp - Utilitats de gestió de rutes
+// © 2025 Port a C++20 amb SDL3
+// Detecció de directoris i bundles multiplataforma
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace Utils {
+
+// Inicialització amb argv[0]
+void initializePathSystem(const char* argv0);
+
+// Obtenció de rutes
+std::string getExecutableDirectory();
+std::string getResourceBasePath();
+
+// Detecció de plataforma
+bool isMacOSBundle();
+
+// Normalització
+std::string normalizePath(const std::string& path);
+
+}  // namespace Utils

source/external/.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# source/external/.clang-tidy
+Checks: '-*'
+WarningsAsErrors: ''
+HeaderFilterRegex: ''

source/game/constants.hpp

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ inline void obtenir_limits_zona(float& min_x, float& max_x, float& min_y, float&
 // Obtenir límits segurs (compensant radi de l'entitat)
 inline void obtenir_limits_zona_segurs(float radi, float& min_x, float& max_x, float& min_y, float& max_y) {
     const auto& zona = Defaults::Zones::PLAYAREA;
-    constexpr float MARGE_SEGURETAT = 10.0f;  // Safety margin
+    constexpr float MARGE_SEGURETAT = 10.0F;  // Safety margin
 
     min_x = zona.x + radi + MARGE_SEGURETAT;
     max_x = zona.x + zona.w - radi - MARGE_SEGURETAT;
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ inline void obtenir_limits_zona_segurs(float radi, float& min_x, float& max_x, f
 // Obtenir centre de l'àrea de joc
 inline void obtenir_centre_zona(float& centre_x, float& centre_y) {
     const auto& zona = Defaults::Zones::PLAYAREA;
-    centre_x = zona.x + zona.w / 2.0f;
-    centre_y = zona.y + zona.h / 2.0f;
+    centre_x = zona.x + (zona.w / 2.0F);
+    centre_y = zona.y + (zona.h / 2.0F);
 }
 }  // namespace Constants

source/game/effects/debris.hpp

@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ struct Debris {
         float acceleracio;  // Acceleració negativa (fricció) en px/s²
 
         // Rotació
-        float angle_rotacio;  // Angle de rotació acumulat (radians)
-        float velocitat_rot;  // Velocitat de rotació en rad/s
+        float angle_rotacio;         // Angle de rotació acumulat (radians)
+        float velocitat_rot;         // Velocitat de rotació de TRAYECTORIA (rad/s)
+        float velocitat_rot_visual;  // Velocitat de rotació VISUAL del segment (rad/s)
 
         // Estat de vida
         float temps_vida;  // Temps transcorregut (segons)
@@ -28,6 +29,9 @@ struct Debris {
 
         // Shrinking (reducció de distància entre punts)
         float factor_shrink;  // Factor de reducció per segon (0.0-1.0)
+
+        // Rendering
+        float brightness;  // Factor de brillantor (0.0-1.0, heretat de l'objecte original)
 };
 
 }  // namespace Effects

source/game/effects/debris_manager.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "debris_manager.hpp"
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <iostream>
@@ -28,11 +29,11 @@ static Punt transform_point(const Punt& point, const Punt& shape_centre, const P
     float cos_a = std::cos(angle);
     float sin_a = std::sin(angle);
 
-    float rotated_x = scaled_x * cos_a - scaled_y * sin_a;
-    float rotated_y = scaled_x * sin_a + scaled_y * cos_a;
+    float rotated_x = (scaled_x * cos_a) - (scaled_y * sin_a);
+    float rotated_y = (scaled_x * sin_a) + (scaled_y * cos_a);
 
     // 4. Aplicar trasllació a posició mundial
-    return {rotated_x + posicio.x, rotated_y + posicio.y};
+    return {.x = rotated_x + posicio.x, .y = rotated_y + posicio.y};
 }
 
 DebrisManager::DebrisManager(SDL_Renderer* renderer)
@@ -47,13 +48,18 @@ void DebrisManager::explotar(const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& shape,
     const Punt& centre,
     float angle,
     float escala,
-    float velocitat_base) {
+    float velocitat_base,
+    float brightness,
+    const Punt& velocitat_objecte,
+    float velocitat_angular,
+    float factor_herencia_visual,
+    const std::string& sound) {
     if (!shape || !shape->es_valida()) {
         return;
     }
 
     // Reproducir sonido de explosión
-    Audio::get()->playSound(Defaults::Sound::EXPLOSION, Audio::Group::GAME);
+    Audio::get()->playSound(sound, Audio::Group::GAME);
 
     // Obtenir centre de la forma per a transformacions
     const Punt& shape_centre = shape->get_centre();
@@ -66,12 +72,12 @@ void DebrisManager::explotar(const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& shape,
         if (primitive.type == Graphics::PrimitiveType::POLYLINE) {
             // Polyline: extreure segments consecutius
             for (size_t i = 0; i < primitive.points.size() - 1; i++) {
-                segments.push_back({primitive.points[i], primitive.points[i + 1]});
+                segments.emplace_back(primitive.points[i], primitive.points[i + 1]);
             }
         } else {  // PrimitiveType::LINE
             // Line: un únic segment
             if (primitive.points.size() >= 2) {
-                segments.push_back({primitive.points[0], primitive.points[1]});
+                segments.emplace_back(primitive.points[0], primitive.points[1]);
             }
         }
 
@@ -85,7 +91,7 @@ void DebrisManager::explotar(const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& shape,
 
             // 2. Trobar slot lliure
             Debris* debris = trobar_slot_lliure();
-            if (!debris) {
+            if (debris == nullptr) {
                 std::cerr << "[DebrisManager] Warning: no debris slots disponibles\n";
                 return;  // Pool ple
             }
@@ -94,39 +100,105 @@ void DebrisManager::explotar(const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& shape,
             debris->p1 = world_p1;
             debris->p2 = world_p2;
 
-            // 4. Calcular direcció perpendicular
-            Punt direccio = calcular_direccio_perpendicular(world_p1, world_p2);
+            // 4. Calcular direcció d'explosió (radial, des del centre cap a fora)
+            Punt direccio = calcular_direccio_explosio(world_p1, world_p2, centre);
 
-            // 5. Velocitat inicial (base ± variació aleatòria)
+            // 5. Velocitat inicial (base ± variació aleatòria + velocitat heretada)
             float speed =
                 velocitat_base +
-                ((std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) * 2.0f - 1.0f) *
-                    Defaults::Physics::Debris::VARIACIO_VELOCITAT;
+                (((std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) * 2.0F - 1.0F) *
+                    Defaults::Physics::Debris::VARIACIO_VELOCITAT);
 
-            debris->velocitat.x = direccio.x * speed;
-            debris->velocitat.y = direccio.y * speed;
+            // Heredar velocitat de l'objecte original (suma vectorial)
+            debris->velocitat.x = (direccio.x * speed) + velocitat_objecte.x;
+            debris->velocitat.y = (direccio.y * speed) + velocitat_objecte.y;
             debris->acceleracio = Defaults::Physics::Debris::ACCELERACIO;
 
-            // 6. Rotació lenta aleatòria
-            debris->velocitat_rot =
-                Defaults::Physics::Debris::ROTACIO_MIN +
-                (std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) *
-                    (Defaults::Physics::Debris::ROTACIO_MAX -
-                        Defaults::Physics::Debris::ROTACIO_MIN);
+            // 6. Herència de velocitat angular amb cap + conversió d'excés
 
-            // 50% probabilitat de rotació en sentit contrari
-            if (std::rand() % 2 == 0) {
-                debris->velocitat_rot = -debris->velocitat_rot;
+            // 6a. Rotació de TRAYECTORIA amb cap + conversió tangencial
+            if (std::abs(velocitat_angular) > 0.01F) {
+                // FASE 1: Aplicar herència i variació (igual que abans)
+                float factor_herencia =
+                    Defaults::Physics::Debris::FACTOR_HERENCIA_MIN +
+                    ((std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) *
+                        (Defaults::Physics::Debris::FACTOR_HERENCIA_MAX -
+                            Defaults::Physics::Debris::FACTOR_HERENCIA_MIN));
+
+                float velocitat_ang_heretada = velocitat_angular * factor_herencia;
+
+                float variacio =
+                    ((std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) * 0.2F) - 0.1F;
+                velocitat_ang_heretada *= (1.0F + variacio);
+
+                // FASE 2: Aplicar cap i calcular excés
+                constexpr float CAP = Defaults::Physics::Debris::VELOCITAT_ROT_MAX;
+                float abs_ang = std::abs(velocitat_ang_heretada);
+                float sign_ang = (velocitat_ang_heretada >= 0.0F) ? 1.0F : -1.0F;
+
+                if (abs_ang > CAP) {
+                    // Excés: convertir a velocitat tangencial
+                    float excess = abs_ang - CAP;
+
+                    // Radi de la forma (enemics = 20 px)
+                    float radius = 20.0F;
+
+                    // Velocitat tangencial = ω_excés × radi
+                    float v_tangential = excess * radius;
+
+                    // Direcció tangencial: perpendicular a la radial (90° CCW)
+                    // Si direccio = (dx, dy), tangent = (-dy, dx)
+                    float tangent_x = -direccio.y;
+                    float tangent_y = direccio.x;
+
+                    // Afegir velocitat tangencial (suma vectorial)
+                    debris->velocitat.x += tangent_x * v_tangential;
+                    debris->velocitat.y += tangent_y * v_tangential;
+
+                    // Aplicar cap a velocitat angular (preservar signe)
+                    debris->velocitat_rot = sign_ang * CAP;
+                } else {
+                    // Per sota del cap: comportament normal
+                    debris->velocitat_rot = velocitat_ang_heretada;
+                }
+            } else {
+                debris->velocitat_rot = 0.0F;  // Nave: sin curvas
             }
 
-            debris->angle_rotacio = 0.0f;
+            // 6b. Rotació VISUAL (proporcional según factor_herencia_visual)
+            if (factor_herencia_visual > 0.01F && std::abs(velocitat_angular) > 0.01F) {
+                // Heredar rotación visual con factor proporcional
+                debris->velocitat_rot_visual = debris->velocitat_rot * factor_herencia_visual;
+
+                // Variació aleatòria petita (±5%) per naturalitat
+                float variacio_visual =
+                    ((std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) * 0.1F) - 0.05F;
+                debris->velocitat_rot_visual *= (1.0F + variacio_visual);
+            } else {
+                // Rotació visual aleatòria (factor = 0.0 o sin velocidad angular)
+                debris->velocitat_rot_visual =
+                    Defaults::Physics::Debris::ROTACIO_MIN +
+                    ((std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) *
+                        (Defaults::Physics::Debris::ROTACIO_MAX -
+                            Defaults::Physics::Debris::ROTACIO_MIN));
+
+                // 50% probabilitat de rotació en sentit contrari
+                if (std::rand() % 2 == 0) {
+                    debris->velocitat_rot_visual = -debris->velocitat_rot_visual;
+                }
+            }
+
+            debris->angle_rotacio = 0.0F;
 
             // 7. Configurar vida i shrinking
-            debris->temps_vida = 0.0f;
+            debris->temps_vida = 0.0F;
             debris->temps_max = Defaults::Physics::Debris::TEMPS_VIDA;
             debris->factor_shrink = Defaults::Physics::Debris::SHRINK_RATE;
 
-            // 8. Activar
+            // 8. Heredar brightness
+            debris->brightness = brightness;
+
+            // 9. Activar
             debris->actiu = true;
         }
     }
@@ -134,8 +206,9 @@ void DebrisManager::explotar(const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& shape,
 
 void DebrisManager::actualitzar(float delta_time) {
     for (auto& debris : debris_pool_) {
-        if (!debris.actiu)
+        if (!debris.actiu) {
             continue;
+        }
 
         // 1. Actualitzar temps de vida
         debris.temps_vida += delta_time;
@@ -148,66 +221,101 @@ void DebrisManager::actualitzar(float delta_time) {
 
         // 2. Actualitzar velocitat (desacceleració)
         // Aplicar fricció en la direcció del moviment
-        float speed = std::sqrt(debris.velocitat.x * debris.velocitat.x +
-            debris.velocitat.y * debris.velocitat.y);
+        float speed = std::sqrt((debris.velocitat.x * debris.velocitat.x) +
+            (debris.velocitat.y * debris.velocitat.y));
 
-        if (speed > 1.0f) {
+        if (speed > 1.0F) {
             // Calcular direcció normalitzada
             float dir_x = debris.velocitat.x / speed;
             float dir_y = debris.velocitat.y / speed;
 
             // Aplicar acceleració negativa (fricció)
-            float nova_speed = speed + debris.acceleracio * delta_time;
-            if (nova_speed < 0.0f)
-                nova_speed = 0.0f;
+            float nova_speed = speed + (debris.acceleracio * delta_time);
+            nova_speed = std::max(nova_speed, 0.0F);
 
             debris.velocitat.x = dir_x * nova_speed;
             debris.velocitat.y = dir_y * nova_speed;
         } else {
             // Velocitat molt baixa, aturar
-            debris.velocitat.x = 0.0f;
-            debris.velocitat.y = 0.0f;
+            debris.velocitat.x = 0.0F;
+            debris.velocitat.y = 0.0F;
+        }
+
+        // 2b. Rotar vector de velocitat (trayectoria curva)
+        if (std::abs(debris.velocitat_rot) > 0.01F) {
+            // Calcular angle de rotació aquest frame
+            float dangle = debris.velocitat_rot * delta_time;
+
+            // Rotar vector de velocitat usant matriu de rotació 2D
+            float vel_x_old = debris.velocitat.x;
+            float vel_y_old = debris.velocitat.y;
+
+            float cos_a = std::cos(dangle);
+            float sin_a = std::sin(dangle);
+
+            debris.velocitat.x = (vel_x_old * cos_a) - (vel_y_old * sin_a);
+            debris.velocitat.y = (vel_x_old * sin_a) + (vel_y_old * cos_a);
+        }
+
+        // 2c. Aplicar fricció angular (desacceleració gradual)
+        if (std::abs(debris.velocitat_rot) > 0.01F) {
+            float sign = (debris.velocitat_rot > 0) ? 1.0F : -1.0F;
+            float reduccion =
+                Defaults::Physics::Debris::FRICCIO_ANGULAR * delta_time;
+            debris.velocitat_rot -= sign * reduccion;
+
+            // Evitar canvi de signe (no pot passar de CW a CCW)
+            if ((debris.velocitat_rot > 0) != (sign > 0)) {
+                debris.velocitat_rot = 0.0F;
+            }
         }
 
         // 3. Calcular centre del segment
-        Punt centre = {(debris.p1.x + debris.p2.x) / 2.0f,
-            (debris.p1.y + debris.p2.y) / 2.0f};
+        Punt centre = {.x = (debris.p1.x + debris.p2.x) / 2.0F,
+            .y = (debris.p1.y + debris.p2.y) / 2.0F};
 
         // 4. Actualitzar posició del centre
         centre.x += debris.velocitat.x * delta_time;
         centre.y += debris.velocitat.y * delta_time;
 
-        // 5. Actualitzar rotació
-        debris.angle_rotacio += debris.velocitat_rot * delta_time;
+        // 5. Actualitzar rotació VISUAL
+        debris.angle_rotacio += debris.velocitat_rot_visual * delta_time;
 
         // 6. Aplicar shrinking (reducció de distància entre punts)
         float shrink_factor =
-            1.0f - (debris.factor_shrink * debris.temps_vida / debris.temps_max);
-        shrink_factor = std::max(0.0f, shrink_factor);  // No negatiu
+            1.0F - (debris.factor_shrink * debris.temps_vida / debris.temps_max);
+        shrink_factor = std::max(0.0F, shrink_factor);  // No negatiu
 
         // Calcular distància original entre punts
         float dx = debris.p2.x - debris.p1.x;
         float dy = debris.p2.y - debris.p1.y;
 
         // 7. Reconstruir segment amb nova mida i rotació
-        float half_length = std::sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) * shrink_factor / 2.0f;
+        float half_length = std::sqrt((dx * dx) + (dy * dy)) * shrink_factor / 2.0F;
         float original_angle = std::atan2(dy, dx);
         float new_angle = original_angle + debris.angle_rotacio;
 
-        debris.p1.x = centre.x - half_length * std::cos(new_angle);
-        debris.p1.y = centre.y - half_length * std::sin(new_angle);
-        debris.p2.x = centre.x + half_length * std::cos(new_angle);
-        debris.p2.y = centre.y + half_length * std::sin(new_angle);
+        debris.p1.x = centre.x - (half_length * std::cos(new_angle));
+        debris.p1.y = centre.y - (half_length * std::sin(new_angle));
+        debris.p2.x = centre.x + (half_length * std::cos(new_angle));
+        debris.p2.y = centre.y + (half_length * std::sin(new_angle));
     }
 }
 
 void DebrisManager::dibuixar() const {
     for (const auto& debris : debris_pool_) {
-        if (!debris.actiu)
+        if (!debris.actiu) {
             continue;
+        }
 
-        // Dibuixar segment de línia
-        Rendering::linea(renderer_, static_cast<int>(debris.p1.x), static_cast<int>(debris.p1.y), static_cast<int>(debris.p2.x), static_cast<int>(debris.p2.y), true);
+        // Dibuixar segment de línia amb brightness heretat
+        Rendering::linea(renderer_,
+            static_cast<int>(debris.p1.x),
+            static_cast<int>(debris.p1.y),
+            static_cast<int>(debris.p2.x),
+            static_cast<int>(debris.p2.y),
+            true,
+            debris.brightness);
     }
 }
 
@@ -220,46 +328,41 @@ Debris* DebrisManager::trobar_slot_lliure() {
     return nullptr;  // Pool ple
 }
 
-Punt DebrisManager::calcular_direccio_perpendicular(const Punt& p1,
-    const Punt& p2) const {
-    // 1. Calcular vector de la línia (p1 → p2)
-    float dx = p2.x - p1.x;
-    float dy = p2.y - p1.y;
+Punt DebrisManager::calcular_direccio_explosio(const Punt& p1,
+    const Punt& p2,
+    const Punt& centre_objecte) const {
+    // 1. Calcular centre del segment
+    float centro_seg_x = (p1.x + p2.x) / 2.0F;
+    float centro_seg_y = (p1.y + p2.y) / 2.0F;
 
-    // 2. Normalitzar (obtenir vector unitari)
-    float length = std::sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
-    if (length < 0.001f) {
-        // Línia degenerada, retornar direcció aleatòria
+    // 2. Calcular vector des del centre de l'objecte cap al centre del segment
+    // Això garanteix que la direcció sempre apunte cap a fora (direcció radial)
+    float dx = centro_seg_x - centre_objecte.x;
+    float dy = centro_seg_y - centre_objecte.y;
+
+    // 3. Normalitzar (obtenir vector unitari)
+    float length = std::sqrt((dx * dx) + (dy * dy));
+    if (length < 0.001F) {
+        // Segment al centre (cas extrem molt improbable), retornar direcció aleatòria
         float angle_rand =
-            (std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) * 2.0f * Defaults::Math::PI;
-        return {std::cos(angle_rand), std::sin(angle_rand)};
+            (std::rand() / static_cast<float>(RAND_MAX)) * 2.0F * Defaults::Math::PI;
+        return {.x = std::cos(angle_rand), .y = std::sin(angle_rand)};
     }
 
     dx /= length;
     dy /= length;
 
-    // 3. Rotar 90° (perpendicular)
-    // Rotació 90° sentit antihorari: (x,y) → (-y, x)
-    float perp_x = -dy;
-    float perp_y = dx;
-
-    // 4. Afegir variació aleatòria petita (±15°)
+    // 4. Afegir variació aleatòria petita (±15°) per varietat visual
     float angle_variacio =
-        ((std::rand() % 30) - 15) * Defaults::Math::PI / 180.0f;
+        ((std::rand() % 30) - 15) * Defaults::Math::PI / 180.0F;
 
     float cos_v = std::cos(angle_variacio);
     float sin_v = std::sin(angle_variacio);
 
-    float final_x = perp_x * cos_v - perp_y * sin_v;
-    float final_y = perp_x * sin_v + perp_y * cos_v;
+    float final_x = (dx * cos_v) - (dy * sin_v);
+    float final_y = (dx * sin_v) + (dy * cos_v);
 
-    // 5. Afegir ± direcció aleatòria (50% probabilitat d'invertir)
-    if (std::rand() % 2 == 0) {
-        final_x = -final_x;
-        final_y = -final_y;
-    }
-
-    return {final_x, final_y};
+    return {.x = final_x, .y = final_y};
 }
 
 void DebrisManager::reiniciar() {
@@ -271,8 +374,9 @@ void DebrisManager::reiniciar() {
 int DebrisManager::get_num_actius() const {
     int count = 0;
     for (const auto& debris : debris_pool_) {
-        if (debris.actiu)
+        if (debris.actiu) {
             count++;
+        }
     }
     return count;
 }

source/game/effects/debris_manager.hpp

@@ -25,11 +25,20 @@ class DebrisManager {
         // - angle: orientació de l'objecte (radians)
         // - escala: escala de l'objecte (1.0 = normal)
         // - velocitat_base: velocitat inicial dels fragments (px/s)
+        // - brightness: factor de brillantor heretat (0.0-1.0, per defecte 1.0)
+        // - velocitat_objecte: velocitat de l'objecte que explota (px/s, per defecte 0)
+        // - velocitat_angular: velocitat angular heretada (rad/s, per defecte 0)
+        // - factor_herencia_visual: factor de herència rotació visual (0.0-1.0, per defecte 0.0)
         void explotar(const std::shared_ptr<Graphics::Shape>& shape,
             const Punt& centre,
             float angle,
             float escala,
-            float velocitat_base);
+            float velocitat_base,
+            float brightness = 1.0F,
+            const Punt& velocitat_objecte = {.x = 0.0F, .y = 0.0F},
+            float velocitat_angular = 0.0F,
+            float factor_herencia_visual = 0.0F,
+            const std::string& sound = Defaults::Sound::EXPLOSION);
 
         // Actualitzar tots els fragments actius
         void actualitzar(float delta_time);
@@ -41,7 +50,7 @@ class DebrisManager {
         void reiniciar();
 
         // Obtenir número de fragments actius
-        int get_num_actius() const;
+        [[nodiscard]] int get_num_actius() const;
 
     private:
         SDL_Renderer* renderer_;
@@ -50,14 +59,14 @@ class DebrisManager {
         // Un pentàgon té 5 línies, 15 enemics = 75 línies
         // + nau (3 línies) + bales (5 línies * 3) = 93 línies màxim
         // Arrodonit a 100 per seguretat
-        static constexpr int MAX_DEBRIS = 100;
+        static constexpr int MAX_DEBRIS = 150;
         std::array<Debris, MAX_DEBRIS> debris_pool_;
 
         // Trobar primer slot inactiu
         Debris* trobar_slot_lliure();
 
-        // Calcular direcció perpendicular a un segment
-        Punt calcular_direccio_perpendicular(const Punt& p1, const Punt& p2) const;
+        // Calcular direcció d'explosió (radial, des del centre cap al segment)
+        [[nodiscard]] Punt calcular_direccio_explosio(const Punt& p1, const Punt& p2, const Punt& centre_objecte) const;
 };
 
 }  // namespace Effects